真題文章（2000年完型）
If a farmer wishes to succeed， he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain instead of consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways： as seed for sowing， as an insurance against the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to feed the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation channels and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available， a farmer cannot be self-sufficient. He must either sell some of his property or seek extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low rate of interest， but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable.
考研核心詞匯
consumption n. 消費， 消費量， 肺病
[例] The petrol consumption of the big car as very high.
這輛大的小汽車耗油量很大。
[反義] production n. 生產(chǎn)， 產(chǎn)品， 作品， （研究）成果
[派生] consume vt. 消耗， 消費， 消滅， 大吃大喝， 吸引
vi. 消滅， 毀滅
surplus n. 剩余， 過剩， [會計]盈余 adj. 過剩的， 剩余的
vt. 轉(zhuǎn)讓， 賣掉
[例] Brazil has a big surplus of coffee. 巴西有很多剩余的咖啡。
[同義] additional ，excess， extra， leftover， spare， superfluous ， supplementary
[反義] deficit n. 赤字， 不足額
[固定搭配] operation surplus 營業(yè)盈余； overall surplus 總順差；
commodity n. 日用品
[例] Air conditioners are one of the many commodities that Japan sells abroad.
空調(diào)是日本許多出口商品中的一種。
[同義] article ， product ， ware
implement n.工具， 器具 vt. 貫徹， 實現(xiàn) v. 執(zhí)行
[例] The committee's decisions will be implemented immediately.
委員會的決定將立即執(zhí)行。
[同義] apparatus， appliance ，bring about， carry out ，complete， contraption
[派生] implementation n. 執(zhí)行
implementary adj. 實施的， 執(zhí)行的
fertilizer n. 肥料（尤指化學(xué)肥料）， [動]受精媒介物
[例] He was not only a distinguished writer but a fertilizer of other talents.
他不僅是個杰出的作家， 而且還有使人獲益的其它才干。
[派生] fertilize vt. 施肥， 使豐饒， 使受精， 使肥沃， 使多產(chǎn)
irrigation n. 灌溉， 沖洗
[例] bring the farmland under irrigation 使農(nóng)田水利化
[派生] irrigate vt. 灌溉， 修水利， 沖洗傷口， 使潮濕 vi. 進行灌溉
sufficient adj. 充分的， 足夠的
[例] Sufficient data have been collected for the building project.
為這項建筑工程已經(jīng)收集了充分的資料。
[同義] adequate， ample ，enough ， plenty， satisfactory
[反義] insufficient adj. 不足的， 不夠的 n.不足
[派生] sufficiency n. 充足， 自滿， 足量
fund n. 資金， 基金 v. 支助， 投資
[例] public welfare fund 公益金
[同義] assets， stock ， supply
[固定搭配] in funds 手頭有錢； 有資本；no funds 存款不足（銀行退回空頭支票時用語）； out of funds 缺錢；slush fund 職工文娛活動的資金；
loan n.（借出的）貸款， 借出 v. 借， 借給
[例] The bank loaned me some money. 銀行借給了我一些錢。
[同義] advance ，give， lend
[反義] borrow v. 借， 借入， 借用
[派生] loanable adj. 可借出的
If a farmer wishes to succeed， he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain instead of consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways： as seed for sowing， as an insurance against the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to feed the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation channels and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available， a farmer cannot be self-sufficient. He must either sell some of his property or seek extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low rate of interest， but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable.
考研核心詞匯
consumption n. 消費， 消費量， 肺病
[例] The petrol consumption of the big car as very high.
這輛大的小汽車耗油量很大。
[反義] production n. 生產(chǎn)， 產(chǎn)品， 作品， （研究）成果
[派生] consume vt. 消耗， 消費， 消滅， 大吃大喝， 吸引
vi. 消滅， 毀滅
surplus n. 剩余， 過剩， [會計]盈余 adj. 過剩的， 剩余的
vt. 轉(zhuǎn)讓， 賣掉
[例] Brazil has a big surplus of coffee. 巴西有很多剩余的咖啡。
[同義] additional ，excess， extra， leftover， spare， superfluous ， supplementary
[反義] deficit n. 赤字， 不足額
[固定搭配] operation surplus 營業(yè)盈余； overall surplus 總順差；
commodity n. 日用品
[例] Air conditioners are one of the many commodities that Japan sells abroad.
空調(diào)是日本許多出口商品中的一種。
[同義] article ， product ， ware
implement n.工具， 器具 vt. 貫徹， 實現(xiàn) v. 執(zhí)行
[例] The committee's decisions will be implemented immediately.
委員會的決定將立即執(zhí)行。
[同義] apparatus， appliance ，bring about， carry out ，complete， contraption
[派生] implementation n. 執(zhí)行
implementary adj. 實施的， 執(zhí)行的
fertilizer n. 肥料（尤指化學(xué)肥料）， [動]受精媒介物
[例] He was not only a distinguished writer but a fertilizer of other talents.
他不僅是個杰出的作家， 而且還有使人獲益的其它才干。
[派生] fertilize vt. 施肥， 使豐饒， 使受精， 使肥沃， 使多產(chǎn)
irrigation n. 灌溉， 沖洗
[例] bring the farmland under irrigation 使農(nóng)田水利化
[派生] irrigate vt. 灌溉， 修水利， 沖洗傷口， 使潮濕 vi. 進行灌溉
sufficient adj. 充分的， 足夠的
[例] Sufficient data have been collected for the building project.
為這項建筑工程已經(jīng)收集了充分的資料。
[同義] adequate， ample ，enough ， plenty， satisfactory
[反義] insufficient adj. 不足的， 不夠的 n.不足
[派生] sufficiency n. 充足， 自滿， 足量
fund n. 資金， 基金 v. 支助， 投資
[例] public welfare fund 公益金
[同義] assets， stock ， supply
[固定搭配] in funds 手頭有錢； 有資本；no funds 存款不足（銀行退回空頭支票時用語）； out of funds 缺錢；slush fund 職工文娛活動的資金；
loan n.（借出的）貸款， 借出 v. 借， 借給
[例] The bank loaned me some money. 銀行借給了我一些錢。
[同義] advance ，give， lend
[反義] borrow v. 借， 借入， 借用
[派生] loanable adj. 可借出的