英語講義【49】條件句和讓步句如何表達

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英語的句式多彩多姿,同一個意思可以透過不同句型反映出來。
    現(xiàn)在讓我們看看兩種出現(xiàn)率很高的句式,即條件句和讓步句。
    英語條件句可以下列5種方式進行:
    ㈠由條件副詞分句表達,如:
    ① If you go out in the rain, you will get wet.
    ② Unless a person tries hard, he won't succeed.
    ③ In case I forget about the meeting, please remind me.
    ④ He will be allowed to do it on condition that he abides by all the rules and regulations.
    條件副詞分句里的連詞“if”,在某些情況下可以省略,但句子要倒裝,如:
    ⑤ Should it rain tomorrow/ If it should rain tomorrow, I shall not go out.
    ⑥ Had you worked harder/ If you had worked harder, you would have made it.
    ㈡由復合介詞“in case of/ in the event of”引導的條件副詞詞組表達,如:
    ⑦ In case of fire, call the fire brigade.
    ⑧ In the event of an emergency, call up the police.
    ㈢由連詞“supposing/ provided”引薦的分句表達,如:
    ⑨ Supposing (that) the matter was true, what would you say ?
    ⑩ I will lend you my car provided (that) you take good care of it.
    ㈣由“but for/ but that”引薦的詞組或分句表達,如:
    ● But for your timely help, we would have been in hot water.
    ● But that Tom is sick, he would be here today.
    ㈤由祈使句表達,如:
    ● Work hard and you will succeed.
    現(xiàn)在來看看讓步句的表達法。
    ⑴由讓步副詞分句表達,如:
    ● Although he is rich, he is not happy.
    ● Though Jim is learned, he lacks experience.
    ⑵由副詞“however”構(gòu)成的分句表達,如:
    ● However hard you may try, you will not get the job.
    ● We will have to finish the job, however long it takes.
    ⑶ 由代名詞“whatever/ whoever”等表達,如:
    ● Some students refused to work whatever the teacher might say.
    ● She won't care whoever he is.
    ⑷由介詞“despite”或復合介詞“in spite of”引薦的讓步副詞詞組表達,如:
    ● Despite being tired, some students went on studying until late at night.
    ● In spite of illness, David came to work.
    ⑸通過“no matter how/ no matter what”所構(gòu)成的分句表達,如:
    ● No matter how cold it is, Helen always goes swimming.
    ● No matter what they did, their boss was not pleased.