表示名詞復(fù)數(shù),在中文方面顯得很簡單,如:一個蘋果、五個蘋果;一座橋、兩座橋;一匹馬、五十匹馬……名詞完全相同。英文名詞的復(fù)數(shù)表示法就復(fù)雜得多了,往往讓初學者感到混淆。我總覺得英文實在不能算是一種理想的語文,可是……
一、最常見的名詞復(fù)數(shù)(Plural)就是在單數(shù)(Singular)名詞后邊加上一個s
boy boys cat cats room rooms horse horses tree trees rose roses
二、如果名詞是以sh,ch,s或x結(jié)尾的話,那就要在單數(shù)的后面加上es
lash lashes 鞭子push pushes branch branches match matches coach coaches 教練gas gases ass asses 驢子class classes box boxes fox foxes
三、如果名詞結(jié)尾是一個子音(consonant,就是除了a,e,i,o,u之外的字母)加一個y,那就要將y換成i,再加上es
baby babies family families pony ponies city cities country countries
四、可是,如果名詞結(jié)尾是一個母音(vowel,就是a,e,i,o,u)加一個y,那只要在單數(shù)詞后加一個s就成了
play plays way ways valley valleys 山谷donkey donkeys toy toys boy boys guy guys
五、當單數(shù)名詞的結(jié)尾是f或fe時,復(fù)數(shù)的寫法就是將f改為v,再加es
thief thieves shelf shelves leaf leaves calf calves half halves wolf wolves wife wives life lives
可是,f結(jié)尾的單數(shù)字,有許多只需加個s就成復(fù)數(shù)(你看,這又是英文的bugs)
roof roofs hoof hoofs chief chiefs cliff cliffs gulf gulfs
六、結(jié)尾是o的單數(shù)詞,一部份只加s就成復(fù)數(shù)詞,但有的卻需加es,真令人捉摸不定呀
piano pianos photo photos bamboo bamboos zoo zoos kangaroo kangaroos 袋鼠mulatto mulattos 白黑混血兒
hero heroes mango mangoes potato potatoes volcano volcanoes negro negroes 黑人cargo cargoes echo echoes buffalo buffaloes tomato tomatoes mosquito mosquitoes
七、由于古老傳統(tǒng)的原因,一些單數(shù)詞得加en才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞(鬼知道是什么原因):
ox oxen child children (你看,這個就不守規(guī)矩了,不是加en ,是ren呀)
brother brethren (哎呀,這個這個……是bre,不是bro)
八、一些單數(shù)詞得改頭換面一番,才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞的哦:
analysis analyses 分析basis bases 基礎(chǔ)datum data 數(shù)據(jù)foot feet formula formulae/formulas 公式goose geese louse lice 虱子man men mouse mice medium media/mediums 媒介memorandum memoranda/memorandums 備忘錄parenthesis parentheses 圓括號phenomenon phenomena 現(xiàn)象radius radii 半徑tooth teeth woman women
九、有些名詞是單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)不分的,很可愛是嗎?
deer fish cannon sheep salmon 鮭魚trout 鱒魚(許多魚類都是這么"可愛"的呀。)
十、一些名詞雖分單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù),但出現(xiàn)次數(shù)多的總是單數(shù)詞:
abscence clothing film help furniture 家具machinery 機械news scenery 風景sugar traffic 交通
十一、另一些名詞則以復(fù)數(shù)詞出現(xiàn)的機會較多:
bellows 風箱clothes police shorts 短褲scissors 剪刀spectacles 眼鏡shears 大剪刀trousers 長褲wages 工資
十二、最后一類是compound nouns,這類復(fù)數(shù)詞是以主要的名詞來表示:
coat-of-mail coats-of-mail 鎖子甲daughter-in-law daughters-in-law 媳婦father-in-law fathers-in-law 岳父man-of-war men-of-war 兵艦maid-servant maid-servants step-son step-sons 晚子son-in-law sons-in-law
一、最常見的名詞復(fù)數(shù)(Plural)就是在單數(shù)(Singular)名詞后邊加上一個s
boy boys cat cats room rooms horse horses tree trees rose roses
二、如果名詞是以sh,ch,s或x結(jié)尾的話,那就要在單數(shù)的后面加上es
lash lashes 鞭子push pushes branch branches match matches coach coaches 教練gas gases ass asses 驢子class classes box boxes fox foxes
三、如果名詞結(jié)尾是一個子音(consonant,就是除了a,e,i,o,u之外的字母)加一個y,那就要將y換成i,再加上es
baby babies family families pony ponies city cities country countries
四、可是,如果名詞結(jié)尾是一個母音(vowel,就是a,e,i,o,u)加一個y,那只要在單數(shù)詞后加一個s就成了
play plays way ways valley valleys 山谷donkey donkeys toy toys boy boys guy guys
五、當單數(shù)名詞的結(jié)尾是f或fe時,復(fù)數(shù)的寫法就是將f改為v,再加es
thief thieves shelf shelves leaf leaves calf calves half halves wolf wolves wife wives life lives
可是,f結(jié)尾的單數(shù)字,有許多只需加個s就成復(fù)數(shù)(你看,這又是英文的bugs)
roof roofs hoof hoofs chief chiefs cliff cliffs gulf gulfs
六、結(jié)尾是o的單數(shù)詞,一部份只加s就成復(fù)數(shù)詞,但有的卻需加es,真令人捉摸不定呀
piano pianos photo photos bamboo bamboos zoo zoos kangaroo kangaroos 袋鼠mulatto mulattos 白黑混血兒
hero heroes mango mangoes potato potatoes volcano volcanoes negro negroes 黑人cargo cargoes echo echoes buffalo buffaloes tomato tomatoes mosquito mosquitoes
七、由于古老傳統(tǒng)的原因,一些單數(shù)詞得加en才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞(鬼知道是什么原因):
ox oxen child children (你看,這個就不守規(guī)矩了,不是加en ,是ren呀)
brother brethren (哎呀,這個這個……是bre,不是bro)
八、一些單數(shù)詞得改頭換面一番,才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞的哦:
analysis analyses 分析basis bases 基礎(chǔ)datum data 數(shù)據(jù)foot feet formula formulae/formulas 公式goose geese louse lice 虱子man men mouse mice medium media/mediums 媒介memorandum memoranda/memorandums 備忘錄parenthesis parentheses 圓括號phenomenon phenomena 現(xiàn)象radius radii 半徑tooth teeth woman women
九、有些名詞是單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)不分的,很可愛是嗎?
deer fish cannon sheep salmon 鮭魚trout 鱒魚(許多魚類都是這么"可愛"的呀。)
十、一些名詞雖分單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù),但出現(xiàn)次數(shù)多的總是單數(shù)詞:
abscence clothing film help furniture 家具machinery 機械news scenery 風景sugar traffic 交通
十一、另一些名詞則以復(fù)數(shù)詞出現(xiàn)的機會較多:
bellows 風箱clothes police shorts 短褲scissors 剪刀spectacles 眼鏡shears 大剪刀trousers 長褲wages 工資
十二、最后一類是compound nouns,這類復(fù)數(shù)詞是以主要的名詞來表示:
coat-of-mail coats-of-mail 鎖子甲daughter-in-law daughters-in-law 媳婦father-in-law fathers-in-law 岳父man-of-war men-of-war 兵艦maid-servant maid-servants step-son step-sons 晚子son-in-law sons-in-law