1997年1月
In Britain, the old Road Traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m. p. h. (miles per hour) in towns and 4 m. p. h. in the country. Later parliament increased the speed limit to 14 m. p. h. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it necessary to raise the limit to 20 m. p. h. By 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding restrictions were done away with altogether. For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked. Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.來源：www.examda.com
Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain. Offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on restricted road, exceeding on any road the limit for the vehicle you are driving, and exceeding the 70 m. p. h. limit on any road. A restricted mad is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.
The main controversy (爭論) surrounding speeding laws is the extent of their safety value. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when the 30 m. p. h. limit was introduced in 1935 there was a fall of 15 percent in fatal accidents. Likewise, when the 40 m. p. h. speed limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties, there was a 28 percent reduction in serious accidents. There were also fewer casualties (傷亡)in the year after the 70 m. p. h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.
In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limits should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to inexperienced drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA.
Questions:
1. During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?
2. What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?來源：www.examda.com
3. Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.
4. What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?
5. What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?
文章導(dǎo)讀
為什么會產(chǎn)生交通事故？是不是因?yàn)檐囕v的速度太快了？本文第一段借英國公路交通法有關(guān)速度限制方面的發(fā)展與變更來影射這個(gè)回答。第二段指出超速是現(xiàn)在英國最普遍的機(jī)動車違規(guī)，并列舉了三種違規(guī)現(xiàn)象。那么在多大程度上限速能減少交通事故呢？第三段列舉了不同歷史時(shí)期的數(shù)字加以佐證。文章最后一段提出了另一種看法，即在美國， 事故數(shù)字的減少被歸因于交通密度的增加。
第一題 During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?
題解 這一題要求綜合第一段的第3、4、5三句來解答。第三句說到1930“speeding restrictions were done away with altogether”，接下來又說，“For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked”，因此可知，無速度限制的時(shí)間是從1930年起（包括1930年），延續(xù)了5年，即是1930、1931、1932、1933、1934這五年。最后一句“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas”，說明到了1935年，speed limit又實(shí)行了。
要點(diǎn)： 提問是“during which period”，答案中只要給出一個(gè)時(shí)間的表達(dá)式就可以了，沒有必要以整句作答，以免言多有失。有一位考生這樣回答：During 1930 and 1935 could British motorists drive without speed limits. 姑且字?jǐn)?shù)多了一個(gè)不說，這個(gè)倒裝也有點(diǎn)問題。松一點(diǎn)的評委給1.5分，嚴(yán)一點(diǎn)的給1分，你說虧不虧？來源：www.examda.com
答案： From 1930 to 1935.
或between 1930 and 1935
或1930、1931、1932、1933、1934。
第二題 What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?
題解 題干中的1935是尋找答案的明確線索，明顯應(yīng)在第一段的最后一句話“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings”。題干中的speed restrictions對應(yīng)于這句話中的a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas，剩下的自然就是the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings。
要點(diǎn) 本題只要回答出what measures即可，沒有必要再加上謂語部分。來源：www.examda.com
答案 Driving tests and pedestrian crossings.
或 The introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.
第三題 Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.
題解 從題干中的“motoring offense”出現(xiàn)在第二段的第一句話。這句話也就是第二段的主題句。它總領(lǐng)了后面對三種speeding的描述，在這三種情況中，speeding都是exceeding the … (speed) limit。
要點(diǎn) 空格中要求填的是謂語，用動詞來解釋speeding這個(gè)詞，因此必須填動詞的形式。同時(shí)要注意第三人稱單數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)。
答案 exceeds the speed limits. 或 drives over the speed limit 或 breaking the speeding laws.
第四題What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?
題解 題干中的British authorities即是指第三段第二句話中的the Ministry of Transport，而這句話中的maintain一詞則是引述中常用的一個(gè)詞，常表示“……認(rèn)為”的意思，那么它后面的內(nèi)容就是本題的答案了。
要點(diǎn) （1）本題較好回答，但要注意避免原文照抄，否則會被扣掉0.5分。其實(shí)只要將“The Ministry of Transport maintains”改成“They maintain”（注意單復(fù)數(shù)）就行了。
（2）簡練作答的話，要注意把賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞“that”舍掉，否則顯得有些多余，弄不好會丟分。
答案 Speed limits reduce accidents. 或Speed limits help reduce accidents.
第五題 What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?
題解 在四級考試中，也有很多送分的題。本題中的“Americans”告訴我們它的答案肯定在最后一段。其實(shí)，只要大體上讀懂第四段的第一句話，看出其中的“due（rather）to”是表示原因的即能做出正確答案，即“the increase in traffic density”。
要點(diǎn) 注意與問題所問的方式一致， 否則要扣分。
In Britain, the old Road Traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m. p. h. (miles per hour) in towns and 4 m. p. h. in the country. Later parliament increased the speed limit to 14 m. p. h. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it necessary to raise the limit to 20 m. p. h. By 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding restrictions were done away with altogether. For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked. Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.來源：www.examda.com
Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain. Offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on restricted road, exceeding on any road the limit for the vehicle you are driving, and exceeding the 70 m. p. h. limit on any road. A restricted mad is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.
The main controversy (爭論) surrounding speeding laws is the extent of their safety value. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when the 30 m. p. h. limit was introduced in 1935 there was a fall of 15 percent in fatal accidents. Likewise, when the 40 m. p. h. speed limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties, there was a 28 percent reduction in serious accidents. There were also fewer casualties (傷亡)in the year after the 70 m. p. h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.
In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limits should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to inexperienced drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA.
Questions:
1. During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?
2. What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?來源：www.examda.com
3. Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.
4. What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?
5. What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?
文章導(dǎo)讀
為什么會產(chǎn)生交通事故？是不是因?yàn)檐囕v的速度太快了？本文第一段借英國公路交通法有關(guān)速度限制方面的發(fā)展與變更來影射這個(gè)回答。第二段指出超速是現(xiàn)在英國最普遍的機(jī)動車違規(guī)，并列舉了三種違規(guī)現(xiàn)象。那么在多大程度上限速能減少交通事故呢？第三段列舉了不同歷史時(shí)期的數(shù)字加以佐證。文章最后一段提出了另一種看法，即在美國， 事故數(shù)字的減少被歸因于交通密度的增加。
第一題 During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?
題解 這一題要求綜合第一段的第3、4、5三句來解答。第三句說到1930“speeding restrictions were done away with altogether”，接下來又說，“For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked”，因此可知，無速度限制的時(shí)間是從1930年起（包括1930年），延續(xù)了5年，即是1930、1931、1932、1933、1934這五年。最后一句“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas”，說明到了1935年，speed limit又實(shí)行了。
要點(diǎn)： 提問是“during which period”，答案中只要給出一個(gè)時(shí)間的表達(dá)式就可以了，沒有必要以整句作答，以免言多有失。有一位考生這樣回答：During 1930 and 1935 could British motorists drive without speed limits. 姑且字?jǐn)?shù)多了一個(gè)不說，這個(gè)倒裝也有點(diǎn)問題。松一點(diǎn)的評委給1.5分，嚴(yán)一點(diǎn)的給1分，你說虧不虧？來源：www.examda.com
答案： From 1930 to 1935.
或between 1930 and 1935
或1930、1931、1932、1933、1934。
第二題 What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?
題解 題干中的1935是尋找答案的明確線索，明顯應(yīng)在第一段的最后一句話“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings”。題干中的speed restrictions對應(yīng)于這句話中的a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas，剩下的自然就是the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings。
要點(diǎn) 本題只要回答出what measures即可，沒有必要再加上謂語部分。來源：www.examda.com
答案 Driving tests and pedestrian crossings.
或 The introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.
第三題 Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.
題解 從題干中的“motoring offense”出現(xiàn)在第二段的第一句話。這句話也就是第二段的主題句。它總領(lǐng)了后面對三種speeding的描述，在這三種情況中，speeding都是exceeding the … (speed) limit。
要點(diǎn) 空格中要求填的是謂語，用動詞來解釋speeding這個(gè)詞，因此必須填動詞的形式。同時(shí)要注意第三人稱單數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)。
答案 exceeds the speed limits. 或 drives over the speed limit 或 breaking the speeding laws.
第四題What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?
題解 題干中的British authorities即是指第三段第二句話中的the Ministry of Transport，而這句話中的maintain一詞則是引述中常用的一個(gè)詞，常表示“……認(rèn)為”的意思，那么它后面的內(nèi)容就是本題的答案了。
要點(diǎn) （1）本題較好回答，但要注意避免原文照抄，否則會被扣掉0.5分。其實(shí)只要將“The Ministry of Transport maintains”改成“They maintain”（注意單復(fù)數(shù)）就行了。
（2）簡練作答的話，要注意把賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞“that”舍掉，否則顯得有些多余，弄不好會丟分。
答案 Speed limits reduce accidents. 或Speed limits help reduce accidents.
第五題 What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?
題解 在四級考試中，也有很多送分的題。本題中的“Americans”告訴我們它的答案肯定在最后一段。其實(shí)，只要大體上讀懂第四段的第一句話，看出其中的“due（rather）to”是表示原因的即能做出正確答案，即“the increase in traffic density”。
要點(diǎn) 注意與問題所問的方式一致， 否則要扣分。