Overview of the Banking Industry in China
I.The Role of the Banking Sector in China
Paragragh 9 (P1,倒數(shù)第1段）
1.The second phase begin in 1984 when the State Council decided to make the PBC function as a central bank.
第二階段始于1984年，是國(guó)務(wù)院決定由中國(guó)人民銀行行使中央銀行的職能。
此句為由when關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的時(shí)間先行詞1984年。
(1)to make the PBC function as a central bank:使中國(guó)人民銀行行使中央銀行職能
(2)make: v.cause to be or become:使；使成為
(3)function (as…):operate;act:盡職責(zé)；起作用
(4)PBC(People’s Bank of China):the central bank of our country中國(guó)人民銀行，即我國(guó)的中央銀行
2.The decision,which was made in response to the increased role of market forces in the economy,promoted diversification of financial institutions with the establishment of the four specialized banks,now known as wholly state-owned commercial banks.
該決定是針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)在整個(gè)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中的作用明顯提高的情況作出的，它促進(jìn)了金融機(jī)構(gòu)多元化的發(fā)展，先后組建了四大專業(yè)銀行，即現(xiàn)在人們所說(shuō)的四家國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行。
(1)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
(2)in response to:對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)；對(duì)……作出回答
(3)market forces:市場(chǎng)因素；市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)
force: n.thing that makes great changes:引起重大改變的事物；因素；力
例：economic forces:經(jīng)濟(jì)因素
monetary forces:貨幣因素
(4)diversification: n.多種經(jīng)營(yíng)；多元化
diversify: v.make diverse;give variety to:使不同；使變化
diversification of export:出口多樣化
diversification of risk:風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散
(5)specialized bank:專業(yè)銀行
(6)wholly state-owned commercial bank:國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行
Paragragh 10
3.The third phase began in 1993 when the State Council issued the Decision on Financial Reform, recognizing the urgent need for developing new financial markets, institutions and instruments.
第三階段始于1984年，那一年國(guó)務(wù)院頒發(fā)了《關(guān)于金融體制改革的決定》，強(qiáng)調(diào)了建立和發(fā)展新的金融市場(chǎng)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)以及金融工具的重要性和緊迫性。
(1)Decision on Financial Reform:《關(guān)于金融體制改革的決定》
4.The government introduced a comprehensive package of measures aimed at restoring financial order as well as addressing the inflationary pressure and signs of overheating,particularly in the real estate sector and the stock markets.
政府采取了一系列措施以整頓金融秩序，應(yīng)對(duì)通貨膨脹的壓力及經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱現(xiàn)象，尤其是房地產(chǎn)和股票市場(chǎng)的過(guò)熱現(xiàn)象。
(1)introduce(into;to):bring sth into use or into operation for the first time:采用；引進(jìn)；提倡
例：introduce new ideas into a business:引進(jìn)新觀念于一事業(yè)
(2)package:detailed plan:詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃
comprehensive: a.that comprehend much:包羅廣泛的；綜合性的
例：a complete package:整批
a comprehensive package of:一籃子；一系列
(3)aim at:have as a plan or intention:計(jì)劃；打算；以……為目標(biāo)
(4)restore:make welll or normal again;bring back (to a former condition):使恢復(fù)健康或正常；使恢復(fù)（以前的情況）
例：Law and order were quickly restored after the attempted violence.那次*之后，法律與秩序迅速恢復(fù)了。
(5)address:引導(dǎo)；指引
(6) inflationary pressure:通貨膨脹壓力
(7)(economic) overheating:經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱
(8)real estate:(legal)immovable property consisting of land,any natural resources,and buildings:（法律）房地產(chǎn)；不動(dòng)產(chǎn)
(9)stock market:股票市場(chǎng)
I.The Role of the Banking Sector in China
Paragragh 9 (P1,倒數(shù)第1段）
1.The second phase begin in 1984 when the State Council decided to make the PBC function as a central bank.
第二階段始于1984年，是國(guó)務(wù)院決定由中國(guó)人民銀行行使中央銀行的職能。
此句為由when關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的時(shí)間先行詞1984年。
(1)to make the PBC function as a central bank:使中國(guó)人民銀行行使中央銀行職能
(2)make: v.cause to be or become:使；使成為
(3)function (as…):operate;act:盡職責(zé)；起作用
(4)PBC(People’s Bank of China):the central bank of our country中國(guó)人民銀行，即我國(guó)的中央銀行
2.The decision,which was made in response to the increased role of market forces in the economy,promoted diversification of financial institutions with the establishment of the four specialized banks,now known as wholly state-owned commercial banks.
該決定是針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)在整個(gè)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中的作用明顯提高的情況作出的，它促進(jìn)了金融機(jī)構(gòu)多元化的發(fā)展，先后組建了四大專業(yè)銀行，即現(xiàn)在人們所說(shuō)的四家國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行。
(1)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
(2)in response to:對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)；對(duì)……作出回答
(3)market forces:市場(chǎng)因素；市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)
force: n.thing that makes great changes:引起重大改變的事物；因素；力
例：economic forces:經(jīng)濟(jì)因素
monetary forces:貨幣因素
(4)diversification: n.多種經(jīng)營(yíng)；多元化
diversify: v.make diverse;give variety to:使不同；使變化
diversification of export:出口多樣化
diversification of risk:風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散
(5)specialized bank:專業(yè)銀行
(6)wholly state-owned commercial bank:國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行
Paragragh 10
3.The third phase began in 1993 when the State Council issued the Decision on Financial Reform, recognizing the urgent need for developing new financial markets, institutions and instruments.
第三階段始于1984年，那一年國(guó)務(wù)院頒發(fā)了《關(guān)于金融體制改革的決定》，強(qiáng)調(diào)了建立和發(fā)展新的金融市場(chǎng)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)以及金融工具的重要性和緊迫性。
(1)Decision on Financial Reform:《關(guān)于金融體制改革的決定》
4.The government introduced a comprehensive package of measures aimed at restoring financial order as well as addressing the inflationary pressure and signs of overheating,particularly in the real estate sector and the stock markets.
政府采取了一系列措施以整頓金融秩序，應(yīng)對(duì)通貨膨脹的壓力及經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱現(xiàn)象，尤其是房地產(chǎn)和股票市場(chǎng)的過(guò)熱現(xiàn)象。
(1)introduce(into;to):bring sth into use or into operation for the first time:采用；引進(jìn)；提倡
例：introduce new ideas into a business:引進(jìn)新觀念于一事業(yè)
(2)package:detailed plan:詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃
comprehensive: a.that comprehend much:包羅廣泛的；綜合性的
例：a complete package:整批
a comprehensive package of:一籃子；一系列
(3)aim at:have as a plan or intention:計(jì)劃；打算；以……為目標(biāo)
(4)restore:make welll or normal again;bring back (to a former condition):使恢復(fù)健康或正常；使恢復(fù)（以前的情況）
例：Law and order were quickly restored after the attempted violence.那次*之后，法律與秩序迅速恢復(fù)了。
(5)address:引導(dǎo)；指引
(6) inflationary pressure:通貨膨脹壓力
(7)(economic) overheating:經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱
(8)real estate:(legal)immovable property consisting of land,any natural resources,and buildings:（法律）房地產(chǎn)；不動(dòng)產(chǎn)
(9)stock market:股票市場(chǎng)