Notes
1.In doing so they transform inactive money capital into active, that is, into capital yielding a profit. 在此過程中，銀行將閑置的錢轉(zhuǎn)化為流通的錢，也就是說，轉(zhuǎn)化為產(chǎn)生利潤的資本。
(1)in doing so: in the making of payments在支付過程中
(2)transform…into…:將……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?BR> (3)inactive money capital閑置的貨幣資金
(4)active (money capital)流通的（貨幣資金）
(5)(capital) yielding a profit產(chǎn)生利潤（的資金）
yielding a profit是分詞短語，做后置定語，修飾前面的capital。
2.They collect all kinds of money revenues and place them at the disposal of the capitalist class. 它們將各種貨幣收入集中起來，再投放給資本家，由他們支配。
(1)money revenues貨幣收入
(2)place…at the disposal of供……自由使用
(3)capitalist class資產(chǎn)階級
3.As banking develops and becomes concentrated in a small number of establishments, the banks grow from modest middlemen into powerful monopolies. 隨著銀行的發(fā)展并集中于少數(shù)幾家機(jī)構(gòu)，銀行逐步從單純的中介成長為強(qiáng)大的壟斷者。
(1)as: conj.at the same time that; while:同時；當(dāng)…時（引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句）
例：slipped on the ice as I ran home.
我跑回家時在冰上滑了一跤
(2)a small number of (establishments)少數(shù)幾家（公司）
establishments:a place of business with its possessions and staff.已建立的公司：擁有財產(chǎn)或人員的公司
(3)grow from…into…從……成長為……
(4)modest a.不多的； 不大的；價值不高的
例：There has been a modest decrease in house prices this year.
房價今年略有下降。
4.This transformation of numerous modest middlemen into a handful of monopolists is one of the fundamental processes in the growth of capitalism into capitalist imperialism.從大批普普通通的中介轉(zhuǎn)化為少數(shù)壟斷者的過程是資本主義向資本帝國主義發(fā)展的一個重要步驟。
(1)此句為"主+系+表"結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2)This transformation of numerous modest middlemen into a handful of monopolists是主語
(3)in the growth of…into…在……成長（發(fā)展）的過程中
5.I have emphasized the reference to the "affiliated" banks, because it is one of the most important distinguishing features of modern capitalist concentration.我之所以著重提到"附屬"銀行，是因為這是現(xiàn)代資本集中的最重要、最顯著的特征之一。
(1)emphasize the reference to…著重提到……
(2) "affiliated" banks"附屬"銀行，即"大多數(shù)股份被大銀行（集團(tuán)）所擁有的"銀行
(3)distinguishing feature顯著特點
6.As regards the close connection between the banks and industry, it is precisely in this sphere that the new role of the banks is, perhaps, most strikingly felt.就銀行和工業(yè)的密切關(guān)系而言，銀行新功能的最突出體現(xiàn)就在于此。
(1)As regards the close connection between the banks and industry做狀語
as regards: concerning關(guān)于
(2)it is precisely in this sphere that the new role of the banks is, perhaps, most strikingly felt為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。正常語序為the new role of the banks is, perhaps, most strikingly felt precisely in this sphere。
(3)feel: to undergo the experience of體驗，經(jīng)歷：經(jīng)歷某種體會：
例：felt my interest rising; felt great joy.
感到我的興趣正在增長；感到非?？鞓?BR> (4)sphere n.范圍；領(lǐng)域；方面
7.the merging of one with another through the acquisition of shares, through the appointment of bank directors to the Supervisory Boards (or Boards of Directors) of industrial and commercial enterprises通過收購股份互相兼并，通過向?qū)Ψ奖O(jiān)事會（或董事會）委派董事而形成相互之間的合并
(1)the merging of one with another互相兼并
(2)through the appointment of … to通過向……委派
(3)Supervisory Boards監(jiān)事會
(4)Boards of Directors董事會
1.In doing so they transform inactive money capital into active, that is, into capital yielding a profit. 在此過程中，銀行將閑置的錢轉(zhuǎn)化為流通的錢，也就是說，轉(zhuǎn)化為產(chǎn)生利潤的資本。
(1)in doing so: in the making of payments在支付過程中
(2)transform…into…:將……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?BR> (3)inactive money capital閑置的貨幣資金
(4)active (money capital)流通的（貨幣資金）
(5)(capital) yielding a profit產(chǎn)生利潤（的資金）
yielding a profit是分詞短語，做后置定語，修飾前面的capital。
2.They collect all kinds of money revenues and place them at the disposal of the capitalist class. 它們將各種貨幣收入集中起來，再投放給資本家，由他們支配。
(1)money revenues貨幣收入
(2)place…at the disposal of供……自由使用
(3)capitalist class資產(chǎn)階級
3.As banking develops and becomes concentrated in a small number of establishments, the banks grow from modest middlemen into powerful monopolies. 隨著銀行的發(fā)展并集中于少數(shù)幾家機(jī)構(gòu)，銀行逐步從單純的中介成長為強(qiáng)大的壟斷者。
(1)as: conj.at the same time that; while:同時；當(dāng)…時（引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句）
例：slipped on the ice as I ran home.
我跑回家時在冰上滑了一跤
(2)a small number of (establishments)少數(shù)幾家（公司）
establishments:a place of business with its possessions and staff.已建立的公司：擁有財產(chǎn)或人員的公司
(3)grow from…into…從……成長為……
(4)modest a.不多的； 不大的；價值不高的
例：There has been a modest decrease in house prices this year.
房價今年略有下降。
4.This transformation of numerous modest middlemen into a handful of monopolists is one of the fundamental processes in the growth of capitalism into capitalist imperialism.從大批普普通通的中介轉(zhuǎn)化為少數(shù)壟斷者的過程是資本主義向資本帝國主義發(fā)展的一個重要步驟。
(1)此句為"主+系+表"結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2)This transformation of numerous modest middlemen into a handful of monopolists是主語
(3)in the growth of…into…在……成長（發(fā)展）的過程中
5.I have emphasized the reference to the "affiliated" banks, because it is one of the most important distinguishing features of modern capitalist concentration.我之所以著重提到"附屬"銀行，是因為這是現(xiàn)代資本集中的最重要、最顯著的特征之一。
(1)emphasize the reference to…著重提到……
(2) "affiliated" banks"附屬"銀行，即"大多數(shù)股份被大銀行（集團(tuán)）所擁有的"銀行
(3)distinguishing feature顯著特點
6.As regards the close connection between the banks and industry, it is precisely in this sphere that the new role of the banks is, perhaps, most strikingly felt.就銀行和工業(yè)的密切關(guān)系而言，銀行新功能的最突出體現(xiàn)就在于此。
(1)As regards the close connection between the banks and industry做狀語
as regards: concerning關(guān)于
(2)it is precisely in this sphere that the new role of the banks is, perhaps, most strikingly felt為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。正常語序為the new role of the banks is, perhaps, most strikingly felt precisely in this sphere。
(3)feel: to undergo the experience of體驗，經(jīng)歷：經(jīng)歷某種體會：
例：felt my interest rising; felt great joy.
感到我的興趣正在增長；感到非?？鞓?BR> (4)sphere n.范圍；領(lǐng)域；方面
7.the merging of one with another through the acquisition of shares, through the appointment of bank directors to the Supervisory Boards (or Boards of Directors) of industrial and commercial enterprises通過收購股份互相兼并，通過向?qū)Ψ奖O(jiān)事會（或董事會）委派董事而形成相互之間的合并
(1)the merging of one with another互相兼并
(2)through the appointment of … to通過向……委派
(3)Supervisory Boards監(jiān)事會
(4)Boards of Directors董事會