2008職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試?yán)砉B類模擬試卷(1)9

字號(hào):

第3篇
    Chronic(慢性的) diseases(疾病): the world’s leading killer
    1.C. 答案:細(xì)節(jié)題。利用問題中的特征詞“by 2015”和細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)“people in developing countries” 作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
    Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable. Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and lung disorders.
    (第2段)The World HEALTH organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year. The United Nations(聯(lián)合國(guó)) agency(機(jī)構(gòu))expects(預(yù)計(jì)) more than(比。。。多) three hundred eighty million(百萬) people to die of(死于) chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen. It says about eighty percent of the deaths(死亡) will happen(發(fā)生) in developing countries.
    借助答案相關(guān)句的內(nèi)容可知:380 * 80% = 304百萬人將死于慢性疾病。
    2. D. 答案:B, D為有關(guān)系選項(xiàng), 從中可能出答案。 利用問題句中的特征詞China作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
    (第4段)The WHO (世界健康組織)estimates(估計(jì)) that chronic diseases will cost(花費(fèi)) China alone(獨(dú)自地, 單獨(dú)的) more than(比。。。多) five hundred million(百萬) dollars in the next (下一個(gè)的)ten years. That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity. Russia(俄國(guó)) and India(印度) are also expected (預(yù)計(jì))to face(面臨) huge economic losses.
    第4段最后一句提到“俄國(guó)和印度也被預(yù)計(jì)將面臨巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失”, 因此判斷同一段落中提到的中國(guó)面臨的問題也是巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此D是答案。
    3.C. 答案:C選項(xiàng)涉及典型細(xì)節(jié)信息詞,因此可以首先對(duì)這個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行判斷。
    (第3段)The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia- Pacific area. In ten years it could be almost three-fourths. People are getting sick in their most economically productive years. In fact(實(shí)際上), experts (專家)say chronic diseases are killing(殺死) more middle-aged people in poorer(更窮的) countries than in wealthier (更富有的)ones(代詞, 指代國(guó)家). (與C不一致, 而且文章中的其他地方?jīng)]有再提到“中年人”的情況, 因此判斷C的內(nèi)容在文章中沒有呼應(yīng)的內(nèi)容)
    The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost alone more than five hundred million dollars in the next ten years. That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity. Russia and India are also expected to face huge economic losses.
    (第5段)Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Last week in Bangkok he presented a W.H.O. report on the problem. It(報(bào)告) says deaths from (由于。。。造成的死亡)chronic diseases have increased(增加) largely(大大地, 主要地) as the result of(作為。。。的結(jié)果) economic gains in many countries(國(guó)家).(與D一致)
    4.答案:D。 可利用問題句中的特征詞Asia和the Pacific作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
    (第7段) Mister Kim said infectious(傳染性的) and parasitic(寄生蟲的) diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific. But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.
    根據(jù)答案相關(guān)句判斷D是答案。
    5.A. 利用被選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
    (第8段)Health officials (健康官員)say as many as (與。。。一樣多的, 多達(dá))eighty percent of deaths from (因?yàn)椤?。造成的死亡)chronic diseases could be prevented(防止). They say (說)an important(重要的)tool(手段, 工具) for governments(政府) is to restrict (限制)the marketing(銷售) alcohol and tobacco(煙草) to young people. Also(同樣, 也), more programs(計(jì)劃) are needed (需要)to urge(促進(jìn), 催促) healthy eating and more physical activity.
    從答案相關(guān)句可以看出只有A(及時(shí)的醫(yī)學(xué)治療)沒有提到。
    第五部分:補(bǔ)全短文(每題2分,共10分)
    閱讀下面的短文,文章中有5處空白,文章后有6組文字,請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字,將其分別放會(huì)文章原有位置,以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。
    補(bǔ)全短文解題常用思路:
    1.借助空格前后句句意進(jìn)行判斷;
    2.如果空格所在的段落的段首句是觀點(diǎn)句,可借助段首句的句意進(jìn)行判斷;
    3.借助空格前后句中的核心詞/核心結(jié)構(gòu)與被選項(xiàng)中用詞的呼應(yīng)進(jìn)行判斷;
    4.借助被選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的邏輯詞(邏輯連詞,邏輯副詞)判斷空格前句可能的語(yǔ)意。
    5.借助被選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞,指示代詞,定冠詞結(jié)構(gòu)在空格前句中尋找相呼應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,判斷答案。
    6.借助空格在段落中出現(xiàn)的位置猜測(cè)空格處的句子可能是具有的語(yǔ)意功能:在段首句/出現(xiàn)的句子可能是觀點(diǎn)句/總結(jié)句/概括句;在段尾句中出現(xiàn)的句子可能是觀點(diǎn)句/總結(jié)句/概括句/承上啟下句;在文章最后一句中出現(xiàn)的句子往往是觀點(diǎn)句或中心引申句。
    7.觀點(diǎn)句,舉例句,語(yǔ)意轉(zhuǎn)折句, 因果句等常常是考察點(diǎn)。
    Vitamins
    1.B.B中的Their與前句中的Vitamins呼應(yīng);而后句的句意(沒有這些物質(zhì),食物的碎化和吸收就不能進(jìn)行。)揭示前句的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是在談?wù)揤itamins的“好處”,同時(shí)B中metabolism與后句中提到的“食物的碎化和吸收”呼應(yīng)。
    2.A.A在句意上總領(lǐng)后面兩句:后面兩句分別是在對(duì)fat-soluble(溶解脂肪的) vitamins 和 water-soluble(溶解水的) vitamins進(jìn)行解釋。
    3.D. 該段的核心詞(反復(fù)出現(xiàn)詞)是vitamin A,而后句談到vitamin A缺乏會(huì)造成的問題。在句意上與后句句意相關(guān):一正(功效)一反(缺乏的后果)。
    4.F.前句說到Vitamin A能如何被獲得,而F在句意上與之相呼應(yīng):談及Vitamin A“還能”怎樣被獲得。
    5.E. 空格前句說vitamin E在人體中的功能還沒有被確認(rèn),后句說vitamin E在哪里能找到,同C相比,E更合理:E的句意也是表明vitamin E的“不確定的”功效,在句意上前后承接,而C只是籠統(tǒng)的說vitamin E是有必要的。
    第6部分:完型填空 (每題1分,共15分)
    閱讀下面的短文,文中有15處空白,每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng),請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)答案,并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
    完型填空解題思路:
    1.借助被選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)縮小答案范圍,確認(rèn)答案判斷方向;
    2.借助空格兩端的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)判斷答案;
    3.借助空格所在句子中用詞特點(diǎn)猜測(cè)答案;
    4.借助空格所在句子句意判斷答案;
    5.圍繞文章中心(標(biāo)題反應(yīng)內(nèi)容)猜測(cè)答案;
    6.借助上下文用詞/語(yǔ)意判斷答案;