Management System Could Keep Tuna on Table
It’s fairly well known that fish stocks are collapsing around the world. But there’s a management method that appears to offer long-term environmental and economic success, according to a study published September 19th in the journal Science. It’s called catch shares, and it works like this. Each fishermen—or fishing cooperative— receives a percentage of the total catch. Scientists determine the catch for the year. And the fisherman is guaranteed his fixed percentage, year after year. He thus has a direct financial stake in the future of the fishery.
The researchers evaluated data for more than 11,000 fisheries. Less than 1 percent had implemented catch shares. But in addition to higher incomes for fishermen, those systems had half as many collapses as other fisheries. And researchers think that number will improve further, because the catch shares may have been only recently implemented. Catch shares have been around for awhile, but they’ve been slow to catch on. One reason has been a lack of data on whether they do any good in the long run. With this study, maybe that will change. That’s a good thing for the fishermen, the consumer and especially the fish.
管理系統(tǒng)可能讓我們以后還有魚吃
眾所周知目前世界上的魚的庫(kù)存正在瀕臨崩潰。但是根據(jù)9月19日《科學(xué)》雜志 （Science）的一項(xiàng)研究，有一種管理方法似乎能提供對(duì)于環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)都適用的長(zhǎng)期解決方案。它被稱為“捕撈份額”，具體運(yùn)作如下：每個(gè)漁民——或者漁業(yè)聯(lián)合公司——獲得總體捕撈的一個(gè)百分比份額?？茖W(xué)家們決定每年捕撈的數(shù)量，每年漁民所得到的份額百分比是固定的。這樣一來，漁民的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益就和漁業(yè)的未來直接掛上了鉤。
研究者們對(duì)11000多個(gè)漁場(chǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了評(píng)估，只有不到1%的漁場(chǎng)執(zhí)行這樣的“捕撈份額”。不過，執(zhí)行管理系統(tǒng)的漁場(chǎng)除了漁民的收入更高外，這樣的漁場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)“庫(kù)存耗盡”的情況只有其它漁場(chǎng)的一半。研究者們認(rèn)為這個(gè)數(shù)字還能進(jìn)一步改善，因?yàn)椴稉品蓊~可能僅僅剛剛開始執(zhí)行。捕撈份額的出現(xiàn)還不久，但是要讓它變得流行還很慢。一個(gè)原因就是缺乏這樣的數(shù)據(jù)：它能告訴我們從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看這樣的管理系統(tǒng)是否能帶來好處。有了這個(gè)研究，或許捕撈份額會(huì)更快流行起來。這對(duì)漁民、消費(fèi)者尤其是對(duì)魚來說都是個(gè)好事。
Vocabulary:
Tuna: 金槍魚
Collapse: 坍塌；崩潰
Guarantee：保證
Fishery: 漁業(yè)；漁場(chǎng)
Evaluate：評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估
Implement：實(shí)施；執(zhí)行
Catch on: 流行
It’s fairly well known that fish stocks are collapsing around the world. But there’s a management method that appears to offer long-term environmental and economic success, according to a study published September 19th in the journal Science. It’s called catch shares, and it works like this. Each fishermen—or fishing cooperative— receives a percentage of the total catch. Scientists determine the catch for the year. And the fisherman is guaranteed his fixed percentage, year after year. He thus has a direct financial stake in the future of the fishery.
The researchers evaluated data for more than 11,000 fisheries. Less than 1 percent had implemented catch shares. But in addition to higher incomes for fishermen, those systems had half as many collapses as other fisheries. And researchers think that number will improve further, because the catch shares may have been only recently implemented. Catch shares have been around for awhile, but they’ve been slow to catch on. One reason has been a lack of data on whether they do any good in the long run. With this study, maybe that will change. That’s a good thing for the fishermen, the consumer and especially the fish.
管理系統(tǒng)可能讓我們以后還有魚吃
眾所周知目前世界上的魚的庫(kù)存正在瀕臨崩潰。但是根據(jù)9月19日《科學(xué)》雜志 （Science）的一項(xiàng)研究，有一種管理方法似乎能提供對(duì)于環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)都適用的長(zhǎng)期解決方案。它被稱為“捕撈份額”，具體運(yùn)作如下：每個(gè)漁民——或者漁業(yè)聯(lián)合公司——獲得總體捕撈的一個(gè)百分比份額?？茖W(xué)家們決定每年捕撈的數(shù)量，每年漁民所得到的份額百分比是固定的。這樣一來，漁民的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益就和漁業(yè)的未來直接掛上了鉤。
研究者們對(duì)11000多個(gè)漁場(chǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了評(píng)估，只有不到1%的漁場(chǎng)執(zhí)行這樣的“捕撈份額”。不過，執(zhí)行管理系統(tǒng)的漁場(chǎng)除了漁民的收入更高外，這樣的漁場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)“庫(kù)存耗盡”的情況只有其它漁場(chǎng)的一半。研究者們認(rèn)為這個(gè)數(shù)字還能進(jìn)一步改善，因?yàn)椴稉品蓊~可能僅僅剛剛開始執(zhí)行。捕撈份額的出現(xiàn)還不久，但是要讓它變得流行還很慢。一個(gè)原因就是缺乏這樣的數(shù)據(jù)：它能告訴我們從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看這樣的管理系統(tǒng)是否能帶來好處。有了這個(gè)研究，或許捕撈份額會(huì)更快流行起來。這對(duì)漁民、消費(fèi)者尤其是對(duì)魚來說都是個(gè)好事。
Vocabulary:
Tuna: 金槍魚
Collapse: 坍塌；崩潰
Guarantee：保證
Fishery: 漁業(yè)；漁場(chǎng)
Evaluate：評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估
Implement：實(shí)施；執(zhí)行
Catch on: 流行