閱讀電話：TeliaSonera AB可是瑞典及芬蘭的統(tǒng)治級的電話公司和移動網(wǎng)絡運營商，而且它也在北歐和東歐地區(qū)很活躍，2004年時共擁有2千6百萬用戶、29，082名雇員；銷售額達819億3千7百萬瑞典克朗，利潤達129億6千4百萬瑞典克朗。公司的總部在斯德哥爾摩，其股票在斯德哥爾摩股票證券交易所上市。
TeliaSonera AB is the dominant telephone company and mobile network operator in Sweden and Finland, and is also active in other countries in Northern and Eastern Europe, with a total (2004) of 26 million customers, 29,082 employees, sales of 81,937 million SEK, and profit of 12,964 million SEK. It is headquartered in Stockholm and its stocks are traded on the Stockholm Stock Exchange.
Corporate history
TeliaSonera is the result of a merger in 2003 between the Swedish and Finnish telecommunications companies, Telia and Sonera. Telia has a history as a national telephone monopolies before privatisation. Sonera on the other hand use to have monopoly only on trunk network calls, while most (c. 75%) of local telecommunication was provided by private local companies. The separate brand names Telia and Sonera have continued to be used in the Swedish and Finnish national markets respectively. Of the shares, 43.5 % are owned by the Swedish State, 13.2 % by the Finnish State, and the rest by institutions, companies, and private investors in Sweden, Finland and abroad. (See the corporate site.)
The Swedish Kungl. Telegrafverket (Royal telegraph) was founded in 1853, when the first electric telegraph line was established between Stockholm and Uppsala. Sweden was one of few countries where the Bell System never got a strong hold, because Bell's invention was not patented in Sweden and a Swedish private competitor, Allmnna Telefon, was thus able to find an independent equipment supplier in Lars Magnus Ericsson. In this early competition, Telegrafverket with its brand Rikstelefon was a late comer. However, by securing a national monopoly on long distance telephone lines, it was able with time to control and take over the local networks of quickly growing private telephone companies.
A de facto telephone monopoly position was reached around 1920, and never needed legal sanction. In 1953 the name was modernized to Televerket. On July 1, 1992 this huge government agency's regulating functions was split off into Post- och telestyrelsen (PTS), with similar functions as the U.S. Federal Communications Commission. The operation of the national radio and TV broadcast network was spun off into a company named Teracom. On July 1, 1993 the remaining telephone and mobile network operator was transformed into a government-owned shareholding company, named Telia AB. At the height of the dotcom bubble on June 13, 2000, close to one third of Telia's shares were introduced on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, bringing solid cash to the Swedish state.
In the 1980s, Televerket was a pioneering mobile network operator with the NMT system, followed in the 1990s by GSM. Private competition in analog cell phone systems had already broken the telephone monopoly, and the growing Internet allowed more turf for the starting competition. The most important of Telia's Swedish competitors in these areas has been Tele2. When PTS awarded four licenses for the 3rd generation cellular networks in December 2000, Telia was not among the winners, but has later managed to establish an agreement to share Tele2's 3G network.
閱讀提示：Cingular Wireless LLC是美國的移動電話公司，總部設在美國喬治亞州的亞太蘭大。在2001年Cingular Wireless（新格勒無線）由現(xiàn)在的AT&T（當時的SBC）和貝爾南方合資創(chuàng)辦，這一合資也創(chuàng)造了全美國內(nèi)第二大的電信公司。構成的Cingular的一共包括了11家地區(qū)性的公司。在2004年2月宣布與AT&T無線公司的價值419億美元的巨資收購合并，此合并在當年10月16日最終完成。合并后的公司靠著4千6百萬的用戶量而使Cingular成為了全國的無線業(yè)務服務提供商。
Cingular運營著包括數(shù)種科技的網(wǎng)絡。最廣泛使用的一種技術便是GSM（全球移動系統(tǒng)）。在GSM網(wǎng)上之上他們還運行著一個叫作GPRS（全局分組無線服務）的數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡和能提供更多的速度的升級產(chǎn)品，叫作EDGE（改進數(shù)據(jù)率GSM服務）。Cingular同時支持原先的TDMA及模擬的網(wǎng)絡。
Cingular Wireless LLC is the largest United States mobile phone company, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Cingular operates a network of multiple technologies. The most widely used of these technologies is called Global Systems for Mobile, or GSM. On top of their GSM network they run a data network called GPRS (general packet radio service) and an upgrade for faster speeds called EDGE (enhanced data rates for global evolution). Cingular supports their legacy networks of TDMA and Analog. Former networks include various paging services and the Cingular Interactive division that became Velocita Wireless.
History
Cingular Wireless was formed in 2001 as a joint venture of SBC Communications (now AT&T) and BellSouth. The joint venture created the nations second largest carrier. Cingular grew out of a conglomeration of 11 regional companies. these companies include BellSouth Mobility, BellSouth Mobility DCS, Cellular One, Houston Cellular, BellSouth Wireless Data, Southwestern Bell, Pacific Bell, Nevada Bell, Ameritech Cellular, SNET and SBC Wireless. With the exception of Pacific Bell and BellSouth Mobility DCS, the digital network consisted of TDMA Technology. The Pacific Bell and BellSouth Mobility DCS networks used GSM technology on the PCS frequency (1900 Mhz). In 2002 Cingular began an initiative called "Project Genesis" which the code name for the GSM/GPRS overlay of the entire network. Project Genesis was completed by the end of 2004.
AT&T Wireless merger
After a bidding war with Britain's Vodefone PLC, Cingular announced in February, 2004 that they would purchase AT&T Wireless for 41 Billion dollars. The merger was completed on October 16, 2004. The combined company had a customer base of 46 million people which placed Cingular as the largest wireless provider in the United States.
Universal Telephone Service UMTS high-speed network known as "BroadbandConnect", the first to utilize High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSPDA), to counter Verizon Wireless and Sprint's EV-DO networks. UMTS was launched on December 6, 2005 in Seattle, Portland, San Fransico, Salt Lake City, San Jose, San Diego, Las Vegas, Phoenix, Austin, Houston, Dallas, Chicago, Boston, Baltimore and Washington D.C. Cingular is expected to launch UMTS in all major metropolitan areas by the end of 2006.
The Cingular Wireless logo prior to the acquisition of AT&T Wireless, which is still used in some contexts.
GSM Facilities
In California, Nevada, North Carolina, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee, eastern and coastal Georgia, northern New Jersey and New York City, Cingular and T-Mobile USA maintained and shared a GSM-1900 network prior to the acquisition of AT&T Wireless, through a joint venture known as GSM Facilities. The network sharing agreement allowed Cingular to offer local service in northern New Jersey and New York City and T-Mobile to offer service in California and Nevada. On May 25, 2004, Cingular and T-Mobile USA announced their intention to dissolve the agreement contingent on Cingular's successful acquisition of AT&T Wireless.
First announced on June 23, 2005 Cingular Wireless announced the intention to divest its Caribbean and Bermuda operations and licenses which it acquired from the acquisition of AT&T Wireless, to Bermuda-based Digcel Group under undisclosed financial terms.
Cingular outsources some of their Customer Care to companies in Canada and overseas.
On August 25, Cingular was removed from the New York Better Business Bureau because of a large number of complaints that were not handled in a timely manner. The company is in the process of restructuring its customer care procedures and has appealed the decision. It remains a member of the BBB in other states in which it operates.
In 2004, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) reported logging more than 14,000 complaints (or 289 per million subscribers) against Cingular Wireless. The most common of which included number portability issues, over billing, poor customer support and network reliability.
Possible Name Change
On 20 November 2005, Ed Whitacre, CEO of the newly-merged SBC/AT&T, announced plans to market the service under the AT&T banner. [6] BellSouth spokesman Jeff Battcher countered that the terms of the joint venture allow either party to sell the service under another name, and that he believes they will be using the brand to market to business customers. Cingular president Stan Sigman concurred with BellSouth's position, indicating that the Cingular brand would continue but be sold under the AT&T brand where offered in packages with other AT&T services, such as data and wireline telephony.
Adelante
Recently, Cingular has launched a new ad campaign "Adelante". In Spanish it means literally "forward". It is aimed at the Hispanic and Spanish speaking communities in the U.S. to boost sales and consists of newspaper ads, commercials, and magazine ads. Also, part of "Adelante" is to now start offering bilingual support at its stores for English and Spanish.
Trivia
In 2005, Communications Workers of America, the union which represents over half of Cingular's employees, specifically recognized Cingular for excellence as a union employer, in direct contrast to competitor Verizon, which CWA singled out as an aggressive union-buster.
A sales boost is expected following January 2006, when RadioShack (the top wireless retailer in the US) will no longer sell Verizon phones and instead will sell Cingular phones.
Cingular Wireless is the wireless carrier of the street racers in Electronic Arts' street racing video games Need for Speed Underground 2 and Need for Speed: Most Wanted. It is used to receive SMS messages from other racers.
TeliaSonera AB is the dominant telephone company and mobile network operator in Sweden and Finland, and is also active in other countries in Northern and Eastern Europe, with a total (2004) of 26 million customers, 29,082 employees, sales of 81,937 million SEK, and profit of 12,964 million SEK. It is headquartered in Stockholm and its stocks are traded on the Stockholm Stock Exchange.
Corporate history
TeliaSonera is the result of a merger in 2003 between the Swedish and Finnish telecommunications companies, Telia and Sonera. Telia has a history as a national telephone monopolies before privatisation. Sonera on the other hand use to have monopoly only on trunk network calls, while most (c. 75%) of local telecommunication was provided by private local companies. The separate brand names Telia and Sonera have continued to be used in the Swedish and Finnish national markets respectively. Of the shares, 43.5 % are owned by the Swedish State, 13.2 % by the Finnish State, and the rest by institutions, companies, and private investors in Sweden, Finland and abroad. (See the corporate site.)
The Swedish Kungl. Telegrafverket (Royal telegraph) was founded in 1853, when the first electric telegraph line was established between Stockholm and Uppsala. Sweden was one of few countries where the Bell System never got a strong hold, because Bell's invention was not patented in Sweden and a Swedish private competitor, Allmnna Telefon, was thus able to find an independent equipment supplier in Lars Magnus Ericsson. In this early competition, Telegrafverket with its brand Rikstelefon was a late comer. However, by securing a national monopoly on long distance telephone lines, it was able with time to control and take over the local networks of quickly growing private telephone companies.
A de facto telephone monopoly position was reached around 1920, and never needed legal sanction. In 1953 the name was modernized to Televerket. On July 1, 1992 this huge government agency's regulating functions was split off into Post- och telestyrelsen (PTS), with similar functions as the U.S. Federal Communications Commission. The operation of the national radio and TV broadcast network was spun off into a company named Teracom. On July 1, 1993 the remaining telephone and mobile network operator was transformed into a government-owned shareholding company, named Telia AB. At the height of the dotcom bubble on June 13, 2000, close to one third of Telia's shares were introduced on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, bringing solid cash to the Swedish state.
In the 1980s, Televerket was a pioneering mobile network operator with the NMT system, followed in the 1990s by GSM. Private competition in analog cell phone systems had already broken the telephone monopoly, and the growing Internet allowed more turf for the starting competition. The most important of Telia's Swedish competitors in these areas has been Tele2. When PTS awarded four licenses for the 3rd generation cellular networks in December 2000, Telia was not among the winners, but has later managed to establish an agreement to share Tele2's 3G network.
閱讀提示：Cingular Wireless LLC是美國的移動電話公司，總部設在美國喬治亞州的亞太蘭大。在2001年Cingular Wireless（新格勒無線）由現(xiàn)在的AT&T（當時的SBC）和貝爾南方合資創(chuàng)辦，這一合資也創(chuàng)造了全美國內(nèi)第二大的電信公司。構成的Cingular的一共包括了11家地區(qū)性的公司。在2004年2月宣布與AT&T無線公司的價值419億美元的巨資收購合并，此合并在當年10月16日最終完成。合并后的公司靠著4千6百萬的用戶量而使Cingular成為了全國的無線業(yè)務服務提供商。
Cingular運營著包括數(shù)種科技的網(wǎng)絡。最廣泛使用的一種技術便是GSM（全球移動系統(tǒng)）。在GSM網(wǎng)上之上他們還運行著一個叫作GPRS（全局分組無線服務）的數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡和能提供更多的速度的升級產(chǎn)品，叫作EDGE（改進數(shù)據(jù)率GSM服務）。Cingular同時支持原先的TDMA及模擬的網(wǎng)絡。
Cingular Wireless LLC is the largest United States mobile phone company, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Cingular operates a network of multiple technologies. The most widely used of these technologies is called Global Systems for Mobile, or GSM. On top of their GSM network they run a data network called GPRS (general packet radio service) and an upgrade for faster speeds called EDGE (enhanced data rates for global evolution). Cingular supports their legacy networks of TDMA and Analog. Former networks include various paging services and the Cingular Interactive division that became Velocita Wireless.
History
Cingular Wireless was formed in 2001 as a joint venture of SBC Communications (now AT&T) and BellSouth. The joint venture created the nations second largest carrier. Cingular grew out of a conglomeration of 11 regional companies. these companies include BellSouth Mobility, BellSouth Mobility DCS, Cellular One, Houston Cellular, BellSouth Wireless Data, Southwestern Bell, Pacific Bell, Nevada Bell, Ameritech Cellular, SNET and SBC Wireless. With the exception of Pacific Bell and BellSouth Mobility DCS, the digital network consisted of TDMA Technology. The Pacific Bell and BellSouth Mobility DCS networks used GSM technology on the PCS frequency (1900 Mhz). In 2002 Cingular began an initiative called "Project Genesis" which the code name for the GSM/GPRS overlay of the entire network. Project Genesis was completed by the end of 2004.
AT&T Wireless merger
After a bidding war with Britain's Vodefone PLC, Cingular announced in February, 2004 that they would purchase AT&T Wireless for 41 Billion dollars. The merger was completed on October 16, 2004. The combined company had a customer base of 46 million people which placed Cingular as the largest wireless provider in the United States.
Universal Telephone Service UMTS high-speed network known as "BroadbandConnect", the first to utilize High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSPDA), to counter Verizon Wireless and Sprint's EV-DO networks. UMTS was launched on December 6, 2005 in Seattle, Portland, San Fransico, Salt Lake City, San Jose, San Diego, Las Vegas, Phoenix, Austin, Houston, Dallas, Chicago, Boston, Baltimore and Washington D.C. Cingular is expected to launch UMTS in all major metropolitan areas by the end of 2006.
The Cingular Wireless logo prior to the acquisition of AT&T Wireless, which is still used in some contexts.
GSM Facilities
In California, Nevada, North Carolina, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee, eastern and coastal Georgia, northern New Jersey and New York City, Cingular and T-Mobile USA maintained and shared a GSM-1900 network prior to the acquisition of AT&T Wireless, through a joint venture known as GSM Facilities. The network sharing agreement allowed Cingular to offer local service in northern New Jersey and New York City and T-Mobile to offer service in California and Nevada. On May 25, 2004, Cingular and T-Mobile USA announced their intention to dissolve the agreement contingent on Cingular's successful acquisition of AT&T Wireless.
First announced on June 23, 2005 Cingular Wireless announced the intention to divest its Caribbean and Bermuda operations and licenses which it acquired from the acquisition of AT&T Wireless, to Bermuda-based Digcel Group under undisclosed financial terms.
Cingular outsources some of their Customer Care to companies in Canada and overseas.
On August 25, Cingular was removed from the New York Better Business Bureau because of a large number of complaints that were not handled in a timely manner. The company is in the process of restructuring its customer care procedures and has appealed the decision. It remains a member of the BBB in other states in which it operates.
In 2004, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) reported logging more than 14,000 complaints (or 289 per million subscribers) against Cingular Wireless. The most common of which included number portability issues, over billing, poor customer support and network reliability.
Possible Name Change
On 20 November 2005, Ed Whitacre, CEO of the newly-merged SBC/AT&T, announced plans to market the service under the AT&T banner. [6] BellSouth spokesman Jeff Battcher countered that the terms of the joint venture allow either party to sell the service under another name, and that he believes they will be using the brand to market to business customers. Cingular president Stan Sigman concurred with BellSouth's position, indicating that the Cingular brand would continue but be sold under the AT&T brand where offered in packages with other AT&T services, such as data and wireline telephony.
Adelante
Recently, Cingular has launched a new ad campaign "Adelante". In Spanish it means literally "forward". It is aimed at the Hispanic and Spanish speaking communities in the U.S. to boost sales and consists of newspaper ads, commercials, and magazine ads. Also, part of "Adelante" is to now start offering bilingual support at its stores for English and Spanish.
Trivia
In 2005, Communications Workers of America, the union which represents over half of Cingular's employees, specifically recognized Cingular for excellence as a union employer, in direct contrast to competitor Verizon, which CWA singled out as an aggressive union-buster.
A sales boost is expected following January 2006, when RadioShack (the top wireless retailer in the US) will no longer sell Verizon phones and instead will sell Cingular phones.
Cingular Wireless is the wireless carrier of the street racers in Electronic Arts' street racing video games Need for Speed Underground 2 and Need for Speed: Most Wanted. It is used to receive SMS messages from other racers.