第三部分:閱讀理解(共20小題;每題2分,滿分40分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still blaming the disputed(受置疑)refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed(任命)to study the performance of some top referees.
The researcher organized an experimental match involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the match. Changed to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze(分析)the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the best is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be a best speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rush to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFA’S insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical(挑剔).
56.The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to .
A.review the decisions of referees at the 2002 World Cup
B.a(chǎn)nalyze the causes of errors made by football referees
C.set a standard of football refereeing
D.reexamine the rules for football refereeing
57.The findings of the experiment show that .
A.errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball
B.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors are
C.The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur
D.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot.
58.The underlined word “officials” most probably refers to .
A.the researchers involved in the experiment
B.the players of the football match
C.the referees of the football match
D.the observers at the site of the experiment
59.What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?
A.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.
B.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.
C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.
D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.
B
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have ever taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(優(yōu)先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities(復(fù)雜性) of spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focal(焦點的) point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience. "This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
60. Teacher are different in their opinions about ______.
A. the difficulties in teaching spelling
B. the role of spelling in general language development
C. the complexities of the basic writing skills
D. the necessity of teaching spelling
61. The underlined expression “play safe” probably means _________.
A. to write carefully B. to do as teachers say
C. to use dictionaries frequently D. to avoid using words one is not sure of
62. Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ___________.
A. students will be able to express their ideas more freely
B. students will have more confidence in writing
C. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D. students will learn to be independent of teachers
63. The author seems to think that the teacher's judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is _________.
A. unfair B. reasonable C. foolish D. careless
64. The major point discussed in the passage is ________.
A. the importance of developing writing skills
B. the complexities of spelling
C. the correct way of marking compositions
D. the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition
C
Some people don't believe that driving more slowly can save lives.But the truth is that driving more slowly can help a person to avoid serious accidents.
The following chart shows the distance that it takes to stop a car at a given speed.The distance is measured in feet.The shaded area shows the driver's thinking distance.That's the distance it takes for the driver to react to a danger that he sees.The white area shows the car's braking distance.That's the distance it takes for the car to stop once the brakes(閘、剎車) are used.The number at the top of each bar shows the total number of feet that it takes to stop the car
65.According to the chart, what is the total number of feet needed to stop a car that is traveling at 50 miles per hour?
A.55. B.73. C.128. D.183.
66.What is the braking distance for a car that is traveling at 60 miles per hour?
A.66 feet. B.119 feet. C.185 feet. D.251 feet.
67.Which of the following statements about braking and speed is true?
A.The braking distance is what it takes for the driver to react to a danger that he sees.
B.The speed of a car has a direct effect on the distance needed to stop the car.
C.The braking distance increases only when a driver drives faster than 50 miles per hour
D.Driving slowly can help a person to avoid all accidents
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still blaming the disputed(受置疑)refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed(任命)to study the performance of some top referees.
The researcher organized an experimental match involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the match. Changed to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze(分析)the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the best is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be a best speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rush to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFA’S insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical(挑剔).
56.The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to .
A.review the decisions of referees at the 2002 World Cup
B.a(chǎn)nalyze the causes of errors made by football referees
C.set a standard of football refereeing
D.reexamine the rules for football refereeing
57.The findings of the experiment show that .
A.errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball
B.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors are
C.The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur
D.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot.
58.The underlined word “officials” most probably refers to .
A.the researchers involved in the experiment
B.the players of the football match
C.the referees of the football match
D.the observers at the site of the experiment
59.What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?
A.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.
B.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.
C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.
D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.
B
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have ever taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(優(yōu)先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities(復(fù)雜性) of spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focal(焦點的) point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience. "This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
60. Teacher are different in their opinions about ______.
A. the difficulties in teaching spelling
B. the role of spelling in general language development
C. the complexities of the basic writing skills
D. the necessity of teaching spelling
61. The underlined expression “play safe” probably means _________.
A. to write carefully B. to do as teachers say
C. to use dictionaries frequently D. to avoid using words one is not sure of
62. Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ___________.
A. students will be able to express their ideas more freely
B. students will have more confidence in writing
C. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D. students will learn to be independent of teachers
63. The author seems to think that the teacher's judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is _________.
A. unfair B. reasonable C. foolish D. careless
64. The major point discussed in the passage is ________.
A. the importance of developing writing skills
B. the complexities of spelling
C. the correct way of marking compositions
D. the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition
C
Some people don't believe that driving more slowly can save lives.But the truth is that driving more slowly can help a person to avoid serious accidents.
The following chart shows the distance that it takes to stop a car at a given speed.The distance is measured in feet.The shaded area shows the driver's thinking distance.That's the distance it takes for the driver to react to a danger that he sees.The white area shows the car's braking distance.That's the distance it takes for the car to stop once the brakes(閘、剎車) are used.The number at the top of each bar shows the total number of feet that it takes to stop the car
65.According to the chart, what is the total number of feet needed to stop a car that is traveling at 50 miles per hour?
A.55. B.73. C.128. D.183.
66.What is the braking distance for a car that is traveling at 60 miles per hour?
A.66 feet. B.119 feet. C.185 feet. D.251 feet.
67.Which of the following statements about braking and speed is true?
A.The braking distance is what it takes for the driver to react to a danger that he sees.
B.The speed of a car has a direct effect on the distance needed to stop the car.
C.The braking distance increases only when a driver drives faster than 50 miles per hour
D.Driving slowly can help a person to avoid all accidents