TEXT K First read the following questions. 59. The art of cutting and polishing precious stones remained crude until ____ A. the fourteenth century. B. the fifteenth century. C. the sixteenth century. D. the seventeenth century. 60. Zaire produces ____ A. 70% of all diamonds sold. B. 70% of industrial diamonds sold. C. 70% of all precious stones sold. D. 70% of the worlds blue-white diamonds. Now go though TEXT K quickly and answer questions 59 and 60. Some of the earliest diamonds known came from India. In the eighteenth century they were found in Brazil, and in 1866 huge deposits were found neat Kimberley in South Africa. Though evidence of extensive diamond deposits has recently been found in Siberia, the continent of Africa still produces nearly all the worlds supply of these stones. The most valuable diamonds are large individual crystals of of pure crystalline carbon. Less perfect forms, knows as boart and carbonado are clusters of tiny crystals. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they do not sparkle like those you see on a ring —— they just look like small, blue-gray stones. In a rather crude form, the cutting and polishing of precious stones was an art known to the Ancient Egyptians, and in the Middle Ages it became widespread in north-west Europe. However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when Ludwig Van Berquen of Bruges in Belgium invented the use of a swiftly revolving wheel with its edge faced with fine diamond powder. The name boart is given to this fine powder as well as the natural crystalline material already mentioned. It is also given to badly flawed or broken diamond crystals, useless as jewels, that are broken into powder for grinding purposes, the so-called industrial diamonds. Diamond itself is the only material hard enough to cut and polish diamonds —— though recently, high-intensity light beams called lasers have been developed which can bore holes in them. It may be necessary to split or cleave the large stones before they are cut and polished. Every diamond has a natural line of cleavage, along with it may be split by a sharp blow with a cutting edge. A fully cut brilliant diamond has 58 facts, or faces, regularly arranged. For cutting or faceting, the stones are fixed onto copper holders and held against a wheel, edged with a mixture of oil and fine diamond dust, which is revolved at about 2,500 revolutions a minute. Amsterdam and and Antwerp, in Holland and Belgium respectively, have been the center of the diamond cutting and polishing industry for over seven centuries. The jewel value of brilliant diamonds depends greatly on their color, or water as it is called. The usual color of diamonds are white, yellow, brown, green, or blue-white; the blue-white brilliants are the stones of the finest water and so command the highest prices. During their formation some diamonds absorb metallic oxides from the surrounding rocks and take on their color. Thus black, red and even bright pink diamonds have occasionally been found. The trade in diamonds is not only in the valuable gem stones but also in the industrial diamonds mentioned above. Zaire produces 70% of such stones. They are foxed into the rock drills used in mining and civil engineering, also for edging band saws for cutting stone. Diamond-faced tools are used for cutting and drilling glass and fine porcelain, and for dentists drills. They are used as bearings in watches and other finely balanced instruments. Perhaps you own some diamonds without knowing it —— in your wristwatch.
59. The art of cutting and polishing precious stones remained crude until ____
A) the fourteenth century.
B) the fifteenth century.
C) the sixteenth century.
D) the seventeenth century.
60. Zaire produces ____
A) 70% of all diamonds sold.
B) 70% of industrial diamonds sold.
C) 70% of all precious stones sold.
D) 70% of the world's blue-white diamonds.
PART IV TRANSLATION
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on Answer Sheet Three.
奧林匹克運動會可以追溯到古代。古希臘人喜歡各種運動，因為運動能使身體強健。他們每四年舉行一次運動會，成千上萬的人聚集在遼闊的草原上，欣賞來自希臘各地的成人和兒童的競技。運動項目有賽跑，摔交，跑馬，戰(zhàn)車比賽等等。有成人的比賽項目，也有兒童的比賽項目?！≡诖蟛糠直荣愔校扇撕蛢和即┑煤苌倩蛘卟淮┮路?，卻在身上涂油。獎品是用野生橄欖樹葉作成的花冠。誰只要能戴上一只花冠，那就是無上的光榮。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer Sheet Three.
Three years ago, a group of plant scientists led by Ilya Raskin, at Du Ponts agricultural laboratory in Delaware, discovered a surge of salicylic and in the voodoo lily the day before flowering. Using a sensitive analytical technique, they discovered that the level of salicylic acid in the plant leapt almost 100 times and triggered the explosion of respiration. This established salicylic acid as a powerful chemical signal, albeit in a rather quirky plant. But what role might salicylic acid have in less exotic plants? Plants have a kind of "immune system" with which they fight diseases. When fungi, bacteria or viruses infect a plant, they often trigger a signal which travels to uninfected leaves where it stimulates the production of disease-fighting protein. This mechanism of disease resistance, and the signal which prepares the plants defenses, had been a mystery to biologists. A promising clue came to light, however, in 1979. Raymond White at Britains Rothamsted research station was able to prevent tobacco mosaic viruses from multiplying by injecting the infected plants with aspirin. The aspirin appeared to trigger the production of a group of diseases-fighting proteins. Building on this and his own discovery with the voodoo lily, Raskin continued the work with graduate student Jocelyn Malamy and her colleagues at Rutgers University, New Jersey. They measured the levels of salicylic acid in tobacco plants that were infected with mosaic virus. Before any signs of infection or resistance were detected, salicylic acid levels surged almost five-fold throughout the plants. This surge then set off the manufacture of the disease-fighting protein.
PART V WRITING
Direction: Small kindness is always neglected in our society. Some people prefer to do big kindness. What is your idea on this topic?
On small kindness Write an essay of about 300 words on the above topic within 60 minutes. In the first part you should present the definition of small kindness. In the following parts you should state your opinion and support it with appropriate examples. In the last part you draw a conclusion. Mark will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instruction may result in a loss of marks.
59. The art of cutting and polishing precious stones remained crude until ____
A) the fourteenth century.
B) the fifteenth century.
C) the sixteenth century.
D) the seventeenth century.
60. Zaire produces ____
A) 70% of all diamonds sold.
B) 70% of industrial diamonds sold.
C) 70% of all precious stones sold.
D) 70% of the world's blue-white diamonds.
PART IV TRANSLATION
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on Answer Sheet Three.
奧林匹克運動會可以追溯到古代。古希臘人喜歡各種運動，因為運動能使身體強健。他們每四年舉行一次運動會，成千上萬的人聚集在遼闊的草原上，欣賞來自希臘各地的成人和兒童的競技。運動項目有賽跑，摔交，跑馬，戰(zhàn)車比賽等等。有成人的比賽項目，也有兒童的比賽項目?！≡诖蟛糠直荣愔校扇撕蛢和即┑煤苌倩蛘卟淮┮路?，卻在身上涂油。獎品是用野生橄欖樹葉作成的花冠。誰只要能戴上一只花冠，那就是無上的光榮。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer Sheet Three.
Three years ago, a group of plant scientists led by Ilya Raskin, at Du Ponts agricultural laboratory in Delaware, discovered a surge of salicylic and in the voodoo lily the day before flowering. Using a sensitive analytical technique, they discovered that the level of salicylic acid in the plant leapt almost 100 times and triggered the explosion of respiration. This established salicylic acid as a powerful chemical signal, albeit in a rather quirky plant. But what role might salicylic acid have in less exotic plants? Plants have a kind of "immune system" with which they fight diseases. When fungi, bacteria or viruses infect a plant, they often trigger a signal which travels to uninfected leaves where it stimulates the production of disease-fighting protein. This mechanism of disease resistance, and the signal which prepares the plants defenses, had been a mystery to biologists. A promising clue came to light, however, in 1979. Raymond White at Britains Rothamsted research station was able to prevent tobacco mosaic viruses from multiplying by injecting the infected plants with aspirin. The aspirin appeared to trigger the production of a group of diseases-fighting proteins. Building on this and his own discovery with the voodoo lily, Raskin continued the work with graduate student Jocelyn Malamy and her colleagues at Rutgers University, New Jersey. They measured the levels of salicylic acid in tobacco plants that were infected with mosaic virus. Before any signs of infection or resistance were detected, salicylic acid levels surged almost five-fold throughout the plants. This surge then set off the manufacture of the disease-fighting protein.
PART V WRITING
Direction: Small kindness is always neglected in our society. Some people prefer to do big kindness. What is your idea on this topic?
On small kindness Write an essay of about 300 words on the above topic within 60 minutes. In the first part you should present the definition of small kindness. In the following parts you should state your opinion and support it with appropriate examples. In the last part you draw a conclusion. Mark will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instruction may result in a loss of marks.