1. condemnationn. An expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable 譴責(zé)，嚴(yán)厲指責(zé)
e.g.: He deserved nothing but condemnation.
派生詞匯 condemn vt. 譴責(zé) condemning adj. 譴責(zé)的 condemningly adv. 譴責(zé)地 condemnable adj. 該罰的，該受譴責(zé)的 condemnatory adj. 處罰的，定罪的；譴責(zé)的
2. persecutionn. the act of oppressing or harass with ill-treatment, especially because of race, religion, sexual orientation, or beliefs 迫害，煩擾
e.g.: They suffered persecution for their beliefs.
派生詞匯 persecute vt. 迫害，困擾 persecutor n. 迫害者，虐待者 persecute n. 受迫害者
3. pitifuladj. inspiring or deserving pity 可憐的，引起或值得同情的
e.g.: Their suffering was pitiful to see. 他們受的苦讓人見了同情。
派生詞匯 pitifulness n. 可憐 pitifully adv. 可憐地
4. cleansevt. To make thoroughly clean or purge of an ideology, bad thoughts, or sins 使徹底清潔；清潔或使（思想等）變純潔
e.g.: She felt cleansed of her sins after confession.
派生詞匯 cleanser n. 清潔工人；清潔劑；清潔器
5. macaquen. a kind of monkey 獼猴，恒河猴，短尾猴
e.g.: There are three features of Japanese macaques.
6. retaliationn. action taken in return for an injury or offence 報復(fù)
e.g.: The situation is complicated by the retaliations of the two sides.
派生詞匯 retaliate vt. 報仇，反擊 retaliative adj. 報復(fù)性的 retaliatory adj. 報復(fù)的
7. analogousadj. partially similar or parallel; offering an analogy 類似的，相似的
e.g.: The two processes are not analogous.
必背搭配 be analogous to
派生詞匯 analogue n. 相似物，類似情況 analogy n. 類推，類比 analogousness n. 類似，相似性 analogously adv. 相似地
8. pecking-ordern. a hierarchy among a group, as of people, classes, or nations任何團體中之長幼尊卑次序
e.g.: Newcomers have to accept their position at the bottom of the pecking-order.
9. ethnologistn. student or expert in ethnology 民族學(xué)研究者，民族學(xué)家
e.g.: Amy is an ethnologist.
派生詞匯 ethnology n. 人種學(xué) ethnologic(ethnological) adj. 人種學(xué)的
ethnologically adv. 人種學(xué)地
10. correlate
①vt. to put or bring into causal, complementary, parallel, or reciprocal relation 使相互關(guān)聯(lián)
e.g.: I cannot correlate these two pieces of information.
② vi. to be related by a correlation 和……相關(guān)
e.g.: The results of this experiment do not correlate with the results of earlier ones.
③adj. related by a correlation, especially having corresponding characteristics 相關(guān)的，關(guān)聯(lián)的
e.g.: The diameter and the circumference of a circle are correlate. 圓的直徑與圓周有相互關(guān)系。
④n. either of two correlate entities; a correlative 相關(guān)一方，兩個相對應(yīng)的方面的任一方
e.g.: Scientific research requires a careful study of all the correlates.
必背搭配 correlate with
派生詞匯 correlatable adj. 相關(guān)的，可對比的 correlated adj. 相關(guān)的
11. predatorn. animal that kills and eats other animals 掠奪者，食肉動物
e.g.: Tiger is predator.
派生詞匯 predatory adj. 食肉的，掠奪性的
12.necessitatevt. to make sth necessary 使成為必要
e.g.: It’s an unpopular measure, but the situation necessitates it. 這是不得人心的辦法，但是形勢要求這樣做。
派生詞匯 necessity n. 必要性，需要；[常用復(fù)數(shù)]必需品 necessitation n. 迫使，被迫 necessitous adj. 緊迫的；窮的，貧困的
13. colossaladj. very large 巨大的
e.g.: This is a colossal building.
派生詞匯 colossus n. （pl. colossi） 巨像，巨人，巨物
14. deposit
①vt. to settle 沉積
e.g.: The Nile floods the fields and deposits mud on them.
②n. something deposited, especially by a natural process 沉積物
e.g.: Valuable mineral deposits have been found in this region.
派生詞匯 depository n. 儲藏室，存放處；受托人，保管人
15. silt
①n. sand, mud etc carried by flowing water and left at the mouth of a river, in a harbor, etc.淤泥
e.g.: The dam can prevent the deposit of silt.
②vi. to become filled with silt 被淤塞，使塞滿泥沙
e.g.: The old channel has been silted up.
派生詞匯 silty adj. 淤泥的，塞滿了淤泥的
Exercise
從以上單詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，填入空格內(nèi)。
Purgatory is supposed to __1__you from your sins.
The Israeli army __2__for the Hamas bombing.
Human heart is an__3__ of the pump.
The astronauts had developed a __4__that was military in its rigidity.
Research workers find it hard to__5__the two sets of figures.
The pessimists consider the bourgeois society is a__6__, insensate world in which innocence and decency can prove fatal.
The increase in population__7__ a greater food supply.
There remain the __8__ crumbling ruins of an ancient temple beside the left bank of the river.
If you evaporate a little seawater on a porcelain dish; on cooling, crystals of common salt will__9__on the sides of the dish.
River sediments gradually __10__ the harbor.
答案:
1. cleanse
2. retaliated
3. analogous
4. pecking-order
5.correlate
6.predator
7. necessitates
8.colossal
9. deposit
10. silted
e.g.: He deserved nothing but condemnation.
派生詞匯 condemn vt. 譴責(zé) condemning adj. 譴責(zé)的 condemningly adv. 譴責(zé)地 condemnable adj. 該罰的，該受譴責(zé)的 condemnatory adj. 處罰的，定罪的；譴責(zé)的
2. persecutionn. the act of oppressing or harass with ill-treatment, especially because of race, religion, sexual orientation, or beliefs 迫害，煩擾
e.g.: They suffered persecution for their beliefs.
派生詞匯 persecute vt. 迫害，困擾 persecutor n. 迫害者，虐待者 persecute n. 受迫害者
3. pitifuladj. inspiring or deserving pity 可憐的，引起或值得同情的
e.g.: Their suffering was pitiful to see. 他們受的苦讓人見了同情。
派生詞匯 pitifulness n. 可憐 pitifully adv. 可憐地
4. cleansevt. To make thoroughly clean or purge of an ideology, bad thoughts, or sins 使徹底清潔；清潔或使（思想等）變純潔
e.g.: She felt cleansed of her sins after confession.
派生詞匯 cleanser n. 清潔工人；清潔劑；清潔器
5. macaquen. a kind of monkey 獼猴，恒河猴，短尾猴
e.g.: There are three features of Japanese macaques.
6. retaliationn. action taken in return for an injury or offence 報復(fù)
e.g.: The situation is complicated by the retaliations of the two sides.
派生詞匯 retaliate vt. 報仇，反擊 retaliative adj. 報復(fù)性的 retaliatory adj. 報復(fù)的
7. analogousadj. partially similar or parallel; offering an analogy 類似的，相似的
e.g.: The two processes are not analogous.
必背搭配 be analogous to
派生詞匯 analogue n. 相似物，類似情況 analogy n. 類推，類比 analogousness n. 類似，相似性 analogously adv. 相似地
8. pecking-ordern. a hierarchy among a group, as of people, classes, or nations任何團體中之長幼尊卑次序
e.g.: Newcomers have to accept their position at the bottom of the pecking-order.
9. ethnologistn. student or expert in ethnology 民族學(xué)研究者，民族學(xué)家
e.g.: Amy is an ethnologist.
派生詞匯 ethnology n. 人種學(xué) ethnologic(ethnological) adj. 人種學(xué)的
ethnologically adv. 人種學(xué)地
10. correlate
①vt. to put or bring into causal, complementary, parallel, or reciprocal relation 使相互關(guān)聯(lián)
e.g.: I cannot correlate these two pieces of information.
② vi. to be related by a correlation 和……相關(guān)
e.g.: The results of this experiment do not correlate with the results of earlier ones.
③adj. related by a correlation, especially having corresponding characteristics 相關(guān)的，關(guān)聯(lián)的
e.g.: The diameter and the circumference of a circle are correlate. 圓的直徑與圓周有相互關(guān)系。
④n. either of two correlate entities; a correlative 相關(guān)一方，兩個相對應(yīng)的方面的任一方
e.g.: Scientific research requires a careful study of all the correlates.
必背搭配 correlate with
派生詞匯 correlatable adj. 相關(guān)的，可對比的 correlated adj. 相關(guān)的
11. predatorn. animal that kills and eats other animals 掠奪者，食肉動物
e.g.: Tiger is predator.
派生詞匯 predatory adj. 食肉的，掠奪性的
12.necessitatevt. to make sth necessary 使成為必要
e.g.: It’s an unpopular measure, but the situation necessitates it. 這是不得人心的辦法，但是形勢要求這樣做。
派生詞匯 necessity n. 必要性，需要；[常用復(fù)數(shù)]必需品 necessitation n. 迫使，被迫 necessitous adj. 緊迫的；窮的，貧困的
13. colossaladj. very large 巨大的
e.g.: This is a colossal building.
派生詞匯 colossus n. （pl. colossi） 巨像，巨人，巨物
14. deposit
①vt. to settle 沉積
e.g.: The Nile floods the fields and deposits mud on them.
②n. something deposited, especially by a natural process 沉積物
e.g.: Valuable mineral deposits have been found in this region.
派生詞匯 depository n. 儲藏室，存放處；受托人，保管人
15. silt
①n. sand, mud etc carried by flowing water and left at the mouth of a river, in a harbor, etc.淤泥
e.g.: The dam can prevent the deposit of silt.
②vi. to become filled with silt 被淤塞，使塞滿泥沙
e.g.: The old channel has been silted up.
派生詞匯 silty adj. 淤泥的，塞滿了淤泥的
Exercise
從以上單詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，填入空格內(nèi)。
Purgatory is supposed to __1__you from your sins.
The Israeli army __2__for the Hamas bombing.
Human heart is an__3__ of the pump.
The astronauts had developed a __4__that was military in its rigidity.
Research workers find it hard to__5__the two sets of figures.
The pessimists consider the bourgeois society is a__6__, insensate world in which innocence and decency can prove fatal.
The increase in population__7__ a greater food supply.
There remain the __8__ crumbling ruins of an ancient temple beside the left bank of the river.
If you evaporate a little seawater on a porcelain dish; on cooling, crystals of common salt will__9__on the sides of the dish.
River sediments gradually __10__ the harbor.
答案:
1. cleanse
2. retaliated
3. analogous
4. pecking-order
5.correlate
6.predator
7. necessitates
8.colossal
9. deposit
10. silted