專八GeneralKnowledge知識點(4)

字號:

38. Boycott: To act together in abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with as an expression of protest or disfavor or as a means of coercion(強制). 聯合抵制, 聯合起來拒絕使用、購買或經銷以示*、不滿或作為強制的手段
    39. Segregation: The policy and practice of imposing the social separation of races, as in schools, housing, and industry, especially so as to practice discrimination against people of color in a predominantly white society. 種族隔離, 強制實行種族的社會分離政策及實踐,如在學校、居住和工業(yè)中,尤指在白人居多的社會中實行有色人種歧視的政策
    40. Apartheid: An official policy of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites. 種族隔離制, 南非共和國實行的一種官方的種族隔離政策,包括在政治、法律和經濟諸方面對非白色人種的歧視.
    41. Integration: The bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into unrestricted and equal association, as in society or an organization; desegregation. 種族或宗教融合, 在社會或組織中,使不同的種族或宗教派別的人處于無限制的平等的關系中;取消種族隔離
    42. The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec.
    43. Sir Thomas More coined the word “Utopia”; it means nowhere land in Greek.
    44. The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their indestructible spirit.
    45. Phoneme: any one of the set of smallest distinctive speech sounds in a language that distinguish one word from another 音位,音素, 語言中最小的語音單位,如英語里 mat中的 m和 bat中的 b
    46. polysemy: 一詞多義
    47. patron saint:保護圣徒, 守護神
    48. Parentese: 父母語
    49. back formation: 逆構詞 脫落一詞的詞綴以構成新詞 typewriter → typewrite
    50. allomorph: Any of the variant forms of a morpheme. For example, the phonetic s of cats, z of dogs, and z of horses and the en of oxen are allomorphs of the English plural morpheme. 語素變體, 語素的一種變體形式,如語音學的中之 s在 cats中,z在 dogs中,和 iz在 horses中,還有 en在 oxen中都是英語復數語素的語素變體.