16. 我的學(xué)習(xí)很忙。
[誤] My study is very busy.
[正] I am very busy with my study.
注：第一句譯文完全套用漢語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)序，卻犯了英文的句法錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z(yǔ)中，study（學(xué)習(xí)）是一個(gè)行為，并不懂得忙不忙，感到忙的應(yīng)是進(jìn)行這一行為的人。所以，be busy with sth. 或 be busy (in) doing sth. 才是地道的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。
17. 給他當(dāng)二把手我看也值得。他太能干了。
[誤] I feel it worth being a second hand to him. He is so capable.
[正] I feel it worth playing second fiddle to him. He is so capable.
注：英語(yǔ)的 second hand 作名詞指“中間人”、“舊貨”或“助手工人”，而漢語(yǔ)的“二把手”是“副手”，即“第二負(fù)責(zé)人”的意思，所以二者不是一回事。play second fiddle 則源于管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)中第一提琴手（first violin）不在的時(shí)候由第二提琴手負(fù)責(zé)，并被人們引申為“當(dāng)主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的副手”，也就是我們所說(shuō)的“當(dāng)?shù)诙咽帧?。由此，不難猜出“當(dāng)一把手”譯成英語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是 paly first fiddle了。
18. 電車(chē)上十分擁擠，幾乎沒(méi)有立足之地。
[誤] The tram was so crowded that there was hardly sufficient room for you.
[正] The tram was so crowded that there was scarcely sufficient room for you.
注：副詞 hardly 和 scarcely 雖然都含有“幾乎不”等否定含義，有些時(shí)候也可以互換，如：I could hardly/scarcely recognize her（我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出她來(lái)了），但仍有細(xì)微的差異。如在強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量“不足”時(shí)只能用 scarcely，這時(shí)它常與 enough、sufficient等詞連用。
19. 他被戴上了綠帽子。
[誤] He is made to wear a green hat.
[正] He is a cuckold.
注：中文的“戴綠帽子”是指某人之妻與他人私通，但直譯成英文西方人只會(huì)按字面意思理解為“某人頭上被戴了頂綠色的帽子”，無(wú)論如何也不會(huì)理解漢語(yǔ)的喻義。而英語(yǔ)的 cuckold 是指“*婦的丈夫”（a man whose wife deceives him by having a sexual relationship with another man），所以用 be a cuckold 才能正確表達(dá)原文的意思。
20. 我在新聞片里看到你站在總裁的身旁。
[誤] I saw you stand by the president in the newsreel.
[正] I saw you stand beside the president in the newsreel.
注：stand by someone 的意思是“支持某人”（to support someone）；to stand beside someone 才是“立于某人旁邊”（to stand by the side of someone）。但是，如果 stand by 后面的賓語(yǔ)不是人，那倒是可以與 stand beside 互換，表示“在...之旁”，例如：Their house stands by a forest（他們的房子在森林旁邊）。除此之外，stand by 還有“袖手旁觀(guān)”之意，例如：How can you stand by and watch while your allies are attacked？（當(dāng)你們的盟友受到攻擊時(shí)，你們?cè)跄苄涫峙杂^(guān)呢？）
[誤] My study is very busy.
[正] I am very busy with my study.
注：第一句譯文完全套用漢語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)序，卻犯了英文的句法錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z(yǔ)中，study（學(xué)習(xí)）是一個(gè)行為，并不懂得忙不忙，感到忙的應(yīng)是進(jìn)行這一行為的人。所以，be busy with sth. 或 be busy (in) doing sth. 才是地道的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。
17. 給他當(dāng)二把手我看也值得。他太能干了。
[誤] I feel it worth being a second hand to him. He is so capable.
[正] I feel it worth playing second fiddle to him. He is so capable.
注：英語(yǔ)的 second hand 作名詞指“中間人”、“舊貨”或“助手工人”，而漢語(yǔ)的“二把手”是“副手”，即“第二負(fù)責(zé)人”的意思，所以二者不是一回事。play second fiddle 則源于管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)中第一提琴手（first violin）不在的時(shí)候由第二提琴手負(fù)責(zé)，并被人們引申為“當(dāng)主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的副手”，也就是我們所說(shuō)的“當(dāng)?shù)诙咽帧?。由此，不難猜出“當(dāng)一把手”譯成英語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是 paly first fiddle了。
18. 電車(chē)上十分擁擠，幾乎沒(méi)有立足之地。
[誤] The tram was so crowded that there was hardly sufficient room for you.
[正] The tram was so crowded that there was scarcely sufficient room for you.
注：副詞 hardly 和 scarcely 雖然都含有“幾乎不”等否定含義，有些時(shí)候也可以互換，如：I could hardly/scarcely recognize her（我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出她來(lái)了），但仍有細(xì)微的差異。如在強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量“不足”時(shí)只能用 scarcely，這時(shí)它常與 enough、sufficient等詞連用。
19. 他被戴上了綠帽子。
[誤] He is made to wear a green hat.
[正] He is a cuckold.
注：中文的“戴綠帽子”是指某人之妻與他人私通，但直譯成英文西方人只會(huì)按字面意思理解為“某人頭上被戴了頂綠色的帽子”，無(wú)論如何也不會(huì)理解漢語(yǔ)的喻義。而英語(yǔ)的 cuckold 是指“*婦的丈夫”（a man whose wife deceives him by having a sexual relationship with another man），所以用 be a cuckold 才能正確表達(dá)原文的意思。
20. 我在新聞片里看到你站在總裁的身旁。
[誤] I saw you stand by the president in the newsreel.
[正] I saw you stand beside the president in the newsreel.
注：stand by someone 的意思是“支持某人”（to support someone）；to stand beside someone 才是“立于某人旁邊”（to stand by the side of someone）。但是，如果 stand by 后面的賓語(yǔ)不是人，那倒是可以與 stand beside 互換，表示“在...之旁”，例如：Their house stands by a forest（他們的房子在森林旁邊）。除此之外，stand by 還有“袖手旁觀(guān)”之意，例如：How can you stand by and watch while your allies are attacked？（當(dāng)你們的盟友受到攻擊時(shí)，你們?cè)跄苄涫峙杂^(guān)呢？）