【New words and expressions】（6）
exciting adj. 令人興奮的
receive v. 接受，收到
firm n. 商行，公司
different adj. 不同的
centre n. 中心
abroad adv. 在國(guó)外
★exciting adj. 令人興奮的
exciting adj. 令人興奮的；excited adj. 興奮的
-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到
The news exciting.
exciting boy 令人興奮的男孩
I am excited.
excite v. 激動(dòng) （這類動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)一定是人，讓后面的人感到……）
The news excited me.
interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的；interested adj. 感到有意思的
interesting man
The man is interesting.
interest v. 對(duì)……感興趣
The book interests me. 那本書(shū)讓我感到很有趣
★receive v. 接受, 收到
① vt. 接到，收到，得到
When did you receive that letter?
② vt. 招待，接待
You need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.
receive是“收到”，指的是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，主觀上接受與否不清楚。
receive/have a letter from sb.
accept 同意接收
This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept it.
take則是主動(dòng)的“拿”、“取”
I received a beautiful pen from my uncle. My brother took it from me yesterday.
take 也可以作收到
take the exam 接受考試； take advice 接受建議
★firm n. 商行, 公司
company n. 公司
★different adj. 不同的
① adj. 不同的，相異的（經(jīng)常與from連用）
We are planning something different this year. 我們今年有不同的打算。
My room is different from yours.
② adj. 各種各樣的，不同的
This department store sells a large number of different things.
這家百貨商店出售許多各種各樣的東西。
He has visited many different places in China. 他去過(guò)中國(guó)的不少地方。
★abroad adv. 在國(guó)外（副詞, 直接和動(dòng)詞連用）
go abroad 去國(guó)外
live abroad 國(guó)外定居
study abroad 國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)
【Text】
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
參考譯文 我剛剛收到弟弟蒂姆的來(lái)信, 他正在澳大利亞. 他在那兒已經(jīng)住了6個(gè)月了. 蒂姆是個(gè)工程師, 正在一家大公司工作, 并且已經(jīng)去過(guò)澳大利亞的不少地方了. 他剛買了一輛澳大利亞小汽車, 現(xiàn)在去了澳大利亞中部的小鎮(zhèn)艾利斯斯普林斯. 他不久還將到達(dá)達(dá)爾文去, 從那里, 他再飛往珀斯. 我弟弟以前從未出過(guò)國(guó), 因此, 他覺(jué)得這次旅行非常激動(dòng)人心.
【課文講解】
1、I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
同位語(yǔ)：一個(gè)名詞（或短語(yǔ)等）與另一個(gè)名詞（或短語(yǔ)）并列而作為其說(shuō)明或限定成分時(shí)稱為同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)與它所補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的成分之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
在譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，同位語(yǔ)或者插入主句中，或者另譯為一句，很少像英語(yǔ)中那樣用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
This is John, one of my best friends. 這位是約翰。他是我好的朋友之一。
Mrs. Smith, my neighbore, has never been abroad. 我的鄰居史密斯夫人從來(lái)沒(méi)有出過(guò)國(guó)。
2、He has been there for six months.
one month[]；two months[] 注意讀音 將//省略
I have arrived in Beijing. （arrive 是瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和段時(shí)間連用）
has been + in 地點(diǎn)
He has been in Beijing for one year.
He has been in America for tow years.
3、He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
work for 在……上班/任職，強(qiáng)調(diào)work
I am working for a school.
work in 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)（在哪個(gè)地方上班）
I am working in the New Oriental school.
work at 上班
She works at a department store.
a number of后面一定要加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；通常number前有g(shù)reat，large，good，small，certain等形容詞，數(shù)量大小也隨之改變。a great number of 類似于, 約等于a lot of；
A large/great number of our students are Danish.
There are a small number of spelling mistakes in your homework.
a lot of 可加可數(shù)名詞也可加不可數(shù)名詞
I have a lot of friends
I have a great number of friends.
4、He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.
has gone to 去了某地沒(méi)回來(lái)
has been to 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地, 現(xiàn)在不在那個(gè)地方
Have you been to Paris?
5、From there, he will fly to Perth.
from there:從那地方起
from 即可以加時(shí)間又可以加地點(diǎn)
from half past 8 to half past 11
from Beijing to Tianjing
fly to Perth = go to Perth by air
6、My brother has never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting.
before在句子后是副詞, 譯為“在此之前”，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志
find作“發(fā)現(xiàn)”、“發(fā)覺(jué)”講時(shí)賓語(yǔ)往往帶補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（一般為形容詞），說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)等。
find +賓語(yǔ)+形容詞做賓補(bǔ)
find the room clean
find her happy
be finding在口語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常使用
I'm finding... . . We’re finding... ...
下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺(jué)、情緒、精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)：believe，doubt，see，hear，know，understand，belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like，hate，love，detest，desire
【Key structures】
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作現(xiàn)存的結(jié)果，或者過(guò)去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和副詞短語(yǔ)：before (now)（以前）；so for（到目前為止），up to now（直到現(xiàn)在），just（剛剛），already（已經(jīng)），lately（近），now（現(xiàn)在），for 一段時(shí)間；疑問(wèn)句和否定句中常用ever，yet，never，not…ever等。
【Multiple choice questions】
3 Tim is in Australia. He went ___a___ Australia six months ago.
a. to b. in c. at d. into
at… 表示位置 ?。╞e at是典型表示位置的介詞短語(yǔ)）
go to… 只要有to這個(gè)感念, 它的后面一定要有賓語(yǔ), go to the theater
go in… (in 做副詞)很少加賓語(yǔ) He went in.
go into… 有去向的動(dòng)作, 還有進(jìn)入的動(dòng)作 go into the room
move常用的意義是“動(dòng)”、“移動(dòng)”，在表達(dá)“搬家”這個(gè)意思時(shí)move可以單獨(dú)使用，也可組成短語(yǔ)move to，move into，move in，move out。
move in:搬進(jìn)來(lái)
move to the new house:正在搬
move into :搬進(jìn)去了
move out 搬走
Jack has moved out. John will move in the day after tomorrow.
4 Tim is in Australia. How long ___b___ there?
a. is he b. has he been c. has he d. was he
how long...對(duì)段時(shí)間提問(wèn), 跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相連
11 He will soon visit Darwin. He will visit Darwin＿c＿.
a. quickly b. for a short time c. shortly d. in a hurry
quickly 指的是動(dòng)作上的快
He went quickly .
for a short time 不久, 表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)一段時(shí)間
soon = shortly 不久以后, 表示在這段時(shí)間之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間上的快
in a hurry:匆忙的（指動(dòng)作）
exciting adj. 令人興奮的
receive v. 接受，收到
firm n. 商行，公司
different adj. 不同的
centre n. 中心
abroad adv. 在國(guó)外
★exciting adj. 令人興奮的
exciting adj. 令人興奮的；excited adj. 興奮的
-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到
The news exciting.
exciting boy 令人興奮的男孩
I am excited.
excite v. 激動(dòng) （這類動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)一定是人，讓后面的人感到……）
The news excited me.
interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的；interested adj. 感到有意思的
interesting man
The man is interesting.
interest v. 對(duì)……感興趣
The book interests me. 那本書(shū)讓我感到很有趣
★receive v. 接受, 收到
① vt. 接到，收到，得到
When did you receive that letter?
② vt. 招待，接待
You need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.
receive是“收到”，指的是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，主觀上接受與否不清楚。
receive/have a letter from sb.
accept 同意接收
This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept it.
take則是主動(dòng)的“拿”、“取”
I received a beautiful pen from my uncle. My brother took it from me yesterday.
take 也可以作收到
take the exam 接受考試； take advice 接受建議
★firm n. 商行, 公司
company n. 公司
★different adj. 不同的
① adj. 不同的，相異的（經(jīng)常與from連用）
We are planning something different this year. 我們今年有不同的打算。
My room is different from yours.
② adj. 各種各樣的，不同的
This department store sells a large number of different things.
這家百貨商店出售許多各種各樣的東西。
He has visited many different places in China. 他去過(guò)中國(guó)的不少地方。
★abroad adv. 在國(guó)外（副詞, 直接和動(dòng)詞連用）
go abroad 去國(guó)外
live abroad 國(guó)外定居
study abroad 國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)
【Text】
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
參考譯文 我剛剛收到弟弟蒂姆的來(lái)信, 他正在澳大利亞. 他在那兒已經(jīng)住了6個(gè)月了. 蒂姆是個(gè)工程師, 正在一家大公司工作, 并且已經(jīng)去過(guò)澳大利亞的不少地方了. 他剛買了一輛澳大利亞小汽車, 現(xiàn)在去了澳大利亞中部的小鎮(zhèn)艾利斯斯普林斯. 他不久還將到達(dá)達(dá)爾文去, 從那里, 他再飛往珀斯. 我弟弟以前從未出過(guò)國(guó), 因此, 他覺(jué)得這次旅行非常激動(dòng)人心.
【課文講解】
1、I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
同位語(yǔ)：一個(gè)名詞（或短語(yǔ)等）與另一個(gè)名詞（或短語(yǔ)）并列而作為其說(shuō)明或限定成分時(shí)稱為同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)與它所補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的成分之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
在譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，同位語(yǔ)或者插入主句中，或者另譯為一句，很少像英語(yǔ)中那樣用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
This is John, one of my best friends. 這位是約翰。他是我好的朋友之一。
Mrs. Smith, my neighbore, has never been abroad. 我的鄰居史密斯夫人從來(lái)沒(méi)有出過(guò)國(guó)。
2、He has been there for six months.
one month[]；two months[] 注意讀音 將//省略
I have arrived in Beijing. （arrive 是瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和段時(shí)間連用）
has been + in 地點(diǎn)
He has been in Beijing for one year.
He has been in America for tow years.
3、He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
work for 在……上班/任職，強(qiáng)調(diào)work
I am working for a school.
work in 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)（在哪個(gè)地方上班）
I am working in the New Oriental school.
work at 上班
She works at a department store.
a number of后面一定要加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；通常number前有g(shù)reat，large，good，small，certain等形容詞，數(shù)量大小也隨之改變。a great number of 類似于, 約等于a lot of；
A large/great number of our students are Danish.
There are a small number of spelling mistakes in your homework.
a lot of 可加可數(shù)名詞也可加不可數(shù)名詞
I have a lot of friends
I have a great number of friends.
4、He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.
has gone to 去了某地沒(méi)回來(lái)
has been to 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地, 現(xiàn)在不在那個(gè)地方
Have you been to Paris?
5、From there, he will fly to Perth.
from there:從那地方起
from 即可以加時(shí)間又可以加地點(diǎn)
from half past 8 to half past 11
from Beijing to Tianjing
fly to Perth = go to Perth by air
6、My brother has never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting.
before在句子后是副詞, 譯為“在此之前”，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志
find作“發(fā)現(xiàn)”、“發(fā)覺(jué)”講時(shí)賓語(yǔ)往往帶補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（一般為形容詞），說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)等。
find +賓語(yǔ)+形容詞做賓補(bǔ)
find the room clean
find her happy
be finding在口語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常使用
I'm finding... . . We’re finding... ...
下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺(jué)、情緒、精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)：believe，doubt，see，hear，know，understand，belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like，hate，love，detest，desire
【Key structures】
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作現(xiàn)存的結(jié)果，或者過(guò)去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和副詞短語(yǔ)：before (now)（以前）；so for（到目前為止），up to now（直到現(xiàn)在），just（剛剛），already（已經(jīng)），lately（近），now（現(xiàn)在），for 一段時(shí)間；疑問(wèn)句和否定句中常用ever，yet，never，not…ever等。
【Multiple choice questions】
3 Tim is in Australia. He went ___a___ Australia six months ago.
a. to b. in c. at d. into
at… 表示位置 ?。╞e at是典型表示位置的介詞短語(yǔ)）
go to… 只要有to這個(gè)感念, 它的后面一定要有賓語(yǔ), go to the theater
go in… (in 做副詞)很少加賓語(yǔ) He went in.
go into… 有去向的動(dòng)作, 還有進(jìn)入的動(dòng)作 go into the room
move常用的意義是“動(dòng)”、“移動(dòng)”，在表達(dá)“搬家”這個(gè)意思時(shí)move可以單獨(dú)使用，也可組成短語(yǔ)move to，move into，move in，move out。
move in:搬進(jìn)來(lái)
move to the new house:正在搬
move into :搬進(jìn)去了
move out 搬走
Jack has moved out. John will move in the day after tomorrow.
4 Tim is in Australia. How long ___b___ there?
a. is he b. has he been c. has he d. was he
how long...對(duì)段時(shí)間提問(wèn), 跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相連
11 He will soon visit Darwin. He will visit Darwin＿c＿.
a. quickly b. for a short time c. shortly d. in a hurry
quickly 指的是動(dòng)作上的快
He went quickly .
for a short time 不久, 表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)一段時(shí)間
soon = shortly 不久以后, 表示在這段時(shí)間之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間上的快
in a hurry:匆忙的（指動(dòng)作）