第十二篇
Obesity Causes Global Warming
The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing: Last week, obese people were accused of causing global warming.
This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois, US, and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. (1)
There has been calls for taxes on junk food2 in recent years.?。?) "We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost," Schmidt said. "Similarly, leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers more."
US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such claims are getting attention.
At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting, one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths, and another correlated obesity with suicides. (3) "The funny thing was that everyone took it seriously," Oliver said.
In a 1960s study, children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked which they would want for a friend? (4)
Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students. Once again, almost no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. "Obesity was stigmatized," the researchers said.
But, researchers say, getting thin is not like quitting smoking. People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don't care. (5)___ Genes also play a part.
詞匯：
Obese adj. 肥胖的
haul/haul/v.運(yùn)輸
Correlate v. 與……相聯(lián)系
stigma n.壞名聲
stigmatize v.侮辱
注釋：
1. carbon dioxide二氧化碳
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. cause-and-effect relationship 因果關(guān)系
練習(xí)：
A A meager diet may keep you thin.
B It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide1.
C The obese child was picked last.
D US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars
E Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.
F No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship3.
答案與題解：
1. B 第二段講到Sheldon Jacobson 和 Laura McLay 在一項(xiàng)研究中計(jì)算了搬運(yùn)美國(guó)胖子一年需要多消耗10億加侖的汽油。從所給的這些句子來(lái)看，只有B是連貫的。B說(shuō)的是：It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.這意味著多方出一千一百萬(wàn)噸二氧化碳。
2. D 第三段的第一個(gè)句子，即空格 前的句子，講的是：最近一些年里，不斷有人提出要給垃圾食品征稅。這是個(gè)主題句，那么后面的句子講得應(yīng)該更具體一點(diǎn)。D說(shuō)的更具體，是這么說(shuō)的： US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars.美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家Martin Schmidt建議對(duì)送到車上的快餐要征稅。另外，從主體的發(fā)展來(lái)看，也只有這個(gè)句子最合適。
3. F 第五段開始時(shí)說(shuō)到，在美國(guó)肥胖協(xié)會(huì)的年會(huì)上，有人把車禍造成的死亡跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)，也有人把自殺跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)。從剩下的句子來(lái)看，只有填入F是連貫的。F說(shuō)的是：No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.沒有人問一問它們之間是否真正存在因果關(guān)系。
4. C 第六段主要是講一個(gè)試驗(yàn)，先讓兒童看一組畫，畫里有正常和殘疾的兒童，還有一個(gè)小胖子，而后問哪個(gè)小孩他們?cè)敢庾雠笥?。C是對(duì)這個(gè)問題合適的回答。C是這么說(shuō)的： The obese child was picked last.最后挑的是小胖子。
5. E 最后一段講的是減肥跟戒煙不一樣，在一定程度上受到基因的控制（最后一個(gè)句子），因此很難。所以只有E是合適的。E是這么說(shuō)的：Science has shown that they havelimited personal control over their weight.科學(xué)已經(jīng)表明，胖子自己幾乎是無(wú)法控制體重的。
Obesity Causes Global Warming
The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing: Last week, obese people were accused of causing global warming.
This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois, US, and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. (1)
There has been calls for taxes on junk food2 in recent years.?。?) "We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost," Schmidt said. "Similarly, leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers more."
US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such claims are getting attention.
At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting, one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths, and another correlated obesity with suicides. (3) "The funny thing was that everyone took it seriously," Oliver said.
In a 1960s study, children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked which they would want for a friend? (4)
Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students. Once again, almost no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. "Obesity was stigmatized," the researchers said.
But, researchers say, getting thin is not like quitting smoking. People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don't care. (5)___ Genes also play a part.
詞匯：
Obese adj. 肥胖的
haul/haul/v.運(yùn)輸
Correlate v. 與……相聯(lián)系
stigma n.壞名聲
stigmatize v.侮辱
注釋：
1. carbon dioxide二氧化碳
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. cause-and-effect relationship 因果關(guān)系
練習(xí)：
A A meager diet may keep you thin.
B It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide1.
C The obese child was picked last.
D US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars
E Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.
F No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship3.
答案與題解：
1. B 第二段講到Sheldon Jacobson 和 Laura McLay 在一項(xiàng)研究中計(jì)算了搬運(yùn)美國(guó)胖子一年需要多消耗10億加侖的汽油。從所給的這些句子來(lái)看，只有B是連貫的。B說(shuō)的是：It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.這意味著多方出一千一百萬(wàn)噸二氧化碳。
2. D 第三段的第一個(gè)句子，即空格 前的句子，講的是：最近一些年里，不斷有人提出要給垃圾食品征稅。這是個(gè)主題句，那么后面的句子講得應(yīng)該更具體一點(diǎn)。D說(shuō)的更具體，是這么說(shuō)的： US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars.美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家Martin Schmidt建議對(duì)送到車上的快餐要征稅。另外，從主體的發(fā)展來(lái)看，也只有這個(gè)句子最合適。
3. F 第五段開始時(shí)說(shuō)到，在美國(guó)肥胖協(xié)會(huì)的年會(huì)上，有人把車禍造成的死亡跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)，也有人把自殺跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)。從剩下的句子來(lái)看，只有填入F是連貫的。F說(shuō)的是：No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.沒有人問一問它們之間是否真正存在因果關(guān)系。
4. C 第六段主要是講一個(gè)試驗(yàn)，先讓兒童看一組畫，畫里有正常和殘疾的兒童，還有一個(gè)小胖子，而后問哪個(gè)小孩他們?cè)敢庾雠笥?。C是對(duì)這個(gè)問題合適的回答。C是這么說(shuō)的： The obese child was picked last.最后挑的是小胖子。
5. E 最后一段講的是減肥跟戒煙不一樣，在一定程度上受到基因的控制（最后一個(gè)句子），因此很難。所以只有E是合適的。E是這么說(shuō)的：Science has shown that they havelimited personal control over their weight.科學(xué)已經(jīng)表明，胖子自己幾乎是無(wú)法控制體重的。