動(dòng)詞是歷年高考熱點(diǎn)，也是高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)備考重難點(diǎn)。下文對(duì)近三年高考題進(jìn)行盤點(diǎn)，擬總結(jié)規(guī)律，剖析難點(diǎn)，指出應(yīng)試策略，指導(dǎo)考生輕松過關(guān)。
熱點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
[熱點(diǎn)透視]考查考生在特定語(yǔ)境中恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞能力。
[難點(diǎn)剖析] 備選動(dòng)詞詞義相近，用法相似。
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
1.（03-25）If anybody calls ,tell them I’m out ,and ask them to ______their name and address.
A. pass B. write C. take D. leave
據(jù)題意應(yīng)選leave, 表“留下”。其余動(dòng)詞不合題意，故選D。
[備考策略] ①結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，從區(qū)別詞義著手；其次從用法上加以區(qū)別，如后跟to do\doing做賓語(yǔ) ，還是跟雙賓語(yǔ)，或者是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等。
②加強(qiáng)對(duì)考綱內(nèi)重要近義動(dòng)詞的復(fù)習(xí)。如：spend ,waste , take, kill；raise, keep, support, feed等。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
2.（滬04-46） Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have ___one-year-old twins at the head.
A. isolated B. separated
C. divided D. removed
3.(浙04-30) If you are feeling so tired ,perhaps a little sleep would ______.
A. act B. help C. serve D. last
Key B B
熱點(diǎn)二、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析
[熱點(diǎn)透視] 考查考生在具體語(yǔ)境中運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)能力。
[難點(diǎn)剖析] ①備選詞組形近或義近，或二者兼?zhèn)浠蛲粍?dòng)詞不同搭配；
② 除涉及詞義辨析外，還結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)對(duì)考生進(jìn)行綜合考查。
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
4.（03-31）News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____with no agreement reached.
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in D. have broken up
此題還涉及時(shí)態(tài)，增加了試題難度?？疾橥粍?dòng)詞不同搭配，break up表打碎，化合物分解，大學(xué)放假等；break down 表（機(jī)器等）壞掉，（計(jì)劃、談判等）失敗，物理分解等；故選A。
5.（04-32）You can take anything from the shelf and read ,but please _____the books when you’ve finished with them.
A. put on B. put down
C. put back D. put off
put是考生熟悉的詞，故此題難度不大，據(jù)題意put back 表放回原處，故選C。
[備考策略] ①對(duì)詞義相近短語(yǔ)加強(qiáng)詞義辨析，如：make up(構(gòu)成，組成),take up(占據(jù)時(shí)間、空間)，keep up (保持)，hold up（延誤、舉起）；
②部分詞組本身就表被動(dòng)，如：come up（被提出）；還有一部分詞組無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：come about, break out等。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
6. (京04-35) I don’t ______rock roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with
C. go into D. go in for
7. (津04-33 ) It was not a serious illness, and she soon _____it.
A. got over B. got on with
C. got around D. got out of
Key D A
熱點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
[熱點(diǎn)透視]考查考生在特定語(yǔ)境中恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞能力。
[難點(diǎn)剖析] 備選動(dòng)詞詞義相近，用法相似。
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
1.（03-25）If anybody calls ,tell them I’m out ,and ask them to ______their name and address.
A. pass B. write C. take D. leave
據(jù)題意應(yīng)選leave, 表“留下”。其余動(dòng)詞不合題意，故選D。
[備考策略] ①結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，從區(qū)別詞義著手；其次從用法上加以區(qū)別，如后跟to do\doing做賓語(yǔ) ，還是跟雙賓語(yǔ)，或者是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等。
②加強(qiáng)對(duì)考綱內(nèi)重要近義動(dòng)詞的復(fù)習(xí)。如：spend ,waste , take, kill；raise, keep, support, feed等。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
2.（滬04-46） Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have ___one-year-old twins at the head.
A. isolated B. separated
C. divided D. removed
3.(浙04-30) If you are feeling so tired ,perhaps a little sleep would ______.
A. act B. help C. serve D. last
Key B B
熱點(diǎn)二、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析
[熱點(diǎn)透視] 考查考生在具體語(yǔ)境中運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)能力。
[難點(diǎn)剖析] ①備選詞組形近或義近，或二者兼?zhèn)浠蛲粍?dòng)詞不同搭配；
② 除涉及詞義辨析外，還結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)對(duì)考生進(jìn)行綜合考查。
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
4.（03-31）News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____with no agreement reached.
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in D. have broken up
此題還涉及時(shí)態(tài)，增加了試題難度?？疾橥粍?dòng)詞不同搭配，break up表打碎，化合物分解，大學(xué)放假等；break down 表（機(jī)器等）壞掉，（計(jì)劃、談判等）失敗，物理分解等；故選A。
5.（04-32）You can take anything from the shelf and read ,but please _____the books when you’ve finished with them.
A. put on B. put down
C. put back D. put off
put是考生熟悉的詞，故此題難度不大，據(jù)題意put back 表放回原處，故選C。
[備考策略] ①對(duì)詞義相近短語(yǔ)加強(qiáng)詞義辨析，如：make up(構(gòu)成，組成),take up(占據(jù)時(shí)間、空間)，keep up (保持)，hold up（延誤、舉起）；
②部分詞組本身就表被動(dòng)，如：come up（被提出）；還有一部分詞組無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：come about, break out等。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
6. (京04-35) I don’t ______rock roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with
C. go into D. go in for
7. (津04-33 ) It was not a serious illness, and she soon _____it.
A. got over B. got on with
C. got around D. got out of
Key D A