2009年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)AB課程講義:詞匯選項(xiàng)(1)

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理工AB詞匯選項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及解析
    1.Will you please(能否請(qǐng)您...) call my husband(丈夫) as soon as possible(盡可能快地)?
    A) connect(聯(lián)系,連接) B) consult(商量,商議)
    C) phone(電話, 給…打電話) D) visit(訪問(wèn),參觀)
    1.C.call是多義詞, 其常見(jiàn)詞義為“叫喊, 打電話, 拜訪(call at a place/call on sb.),起名 ”, 在句子中的含義是“打電話”, 相當(dāng)于call up。 Phone或phone up: 打電話。
    call是常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞, 與其相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)也是常見(jiàn)考察點(diǎn):
    give (someone) a call 給某人打電話
    I gave the headmaster(校長(zhǎng)) a call but he was out(在外). 我給校長(zhǎng)打了個(gè)電話,但他出去了。
    call off 取消
    The meeting has been called off. 會(huì)議取消了。(完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu))
    call on 拜訪
    I'll call on him tomorrow(明天). 明天我去拜訪他。
    職稱英語(yǔ)詞匯選項(xiàng)練習(xí)部分出現(xiàn)了關(guān)于“call off”的練習(xí)題:
    2.The workers finally(終) called off the strike(罷工).
    A) put off B) ended (結(jié)束)
    C) participated in(參加) D) cancelled 取消
    2. D. call off的含義為“取消”, 因此D(取消)是答案。put off是“推遲”,由off組成的短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)在復(fù)習(xí)中需要關(guān)注的有(off的基本含義為“離開(kāi), 中斷”):
    take off 脫衣, 起飛
    set off 出發(fā), 動(dòng)身, 使爆炸
    turn off 關(guān)掉
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義詞詞組:
    participate in – take part in – join in 參加
    end – cease - close – finish- stop – terminate 結(jié)束, 停止
    3. We’ll give every(每個(gè)的) teacher(老師) space to develop(發(fā)展, 研制, 生長(zhǎng)).
    A) chance (機(jī)會(huì)) B) employment(雇用,使用, 工作)
    C) room(房間, 空間) D) opportunity (機(jī)會(huì))
    3.C.space的基本含義是“空間”, 因此C(空間)是答案。room是多義詞,常見(jiàn)的詞義為“房間, 空間, 余地”。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)D詞義均為“機(jī)會(huì)” , 彼此排除掉,employment是“雇用,使用,職業(yè)”。
    employ(雇用,使用) – employment – employer (雇主, 老板) - employee(雇員)
    比較:
    She can't go to school (上學(xué))because(因?yàn)椋?she is ill. 她不能上學(xué)了,因?yàn)樗×恕?BR>    I'm ill prepared for (為...做好準(zhǔn)備)the occasion(場(chǎng)合, 時(shí)機(jī)). 對(duì)這種情況我沒(méi)有什么準(zhǔn)備。
    The children(孩子們) followed their mother into the room(房間). 孩子們跟著母親進(jìn)了房間。
    I didn't follow him.我不理解他所說(shuō)的話語(yǔ)。
    Please follow the instructions(用法說(shuō)明, 教育,直到) on the packet(包裝) when you take the drug(吃藥). 吃藥時(shí)請(qǐng)按照包裝上的說(shuō)明去服用。
    相關(guān)短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充:
    take one's time 從容不迫
    take medicine 吃藥
    take one’s temperature 測(cè)量體溫
    take courses 選課
    take/have a walk 散步
    4. The herb(草本植物) medicine eventually cured(治愈, 治療) her diseases(疾?。?
    A) nicely(精細(xì)地,美好地,和藹地) B) apparently (明顯地)
    C) finally (后地) D) naturally(自然地)
    4.C. eventually是派生詞, 其詞義為“終, 終于”, 所以C(終)是答案。
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義詞詞組:
    cure –treat – remedy(B級(jí)) 治療
    apparent – obvious – evident - clear 明顯的
    eventually – finally – at last – in the end – ultimately 終
    5. The policeman(警察) asked him to identify (識(shí)別, 鑒別)the thief(小偷).
    A) name(名字, 命名,指定) B) distinguish(區(qū)別, 辨別)
    C) capture(捕獲, 奪?。?D) separate(分開(kāi), 分開(kāi)的, 分離的)
    5.A/B. identify的基本詞義為“識(shí)別, 鑒別”, 因此A(認(rèn)出, 說(shuō)出)是答案。
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義詞詞組:
    distinguish – tell – discriminate 區(qū)分,分辨
    separate – divide分開(kāi)
    (A級(jí)難度)6.America’s emphasis on (重視...,強(qiáng)調(diào)...)the importance(重要性) of education() for everyone(每個(gè)人) has spurred scientific(科學(xué)的) research(研究, 調(diào)查).
    A) encouraged(鼓勵(lì)) B) endangered(危及,危害)
    C) prevented(防止, 預(yù)防) D) enlarged(擴(kuò)大, 放大)
    6.A. spur的基本詞義為“激勵(lì);鞭策”,因此A(鼓勵(lì))是答案。
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu):
    prevent...from.../keep...from...防止.../阻止...
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義詞詞組:
    encourage – urge – inspire – spur 激勵(lì)
    (B級(jí)難度)7. Some of the stories(故事) were mildly amusing(有趣的).
    A) slightly(稍微) B) hardly(幾乎不)
    C) faintly(模糊地,暗淡地) D) sufficiently(充分地)
    7.A.mildly的基本詞義為“溫和地, 稍微”,mildly在句中修飾amusing(有趣的)
    因此mildly在句中的詞義為“稍微”, 因此A是答案。
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義詞詞組:
    mildly – gently 溫和地
    mildly – slightly – a little - somewhat稍微地
    hardly – rarely – scarcely - seldom 幾乎不
    faintly – dimly 微弱地
    amusing – funny – interesting 有趣的
    sufficiently – adequately - enough 充分地
    sufficiently 是高頻詞匯,職稱英語(yǔ)詞匯選項(xiàng)練習(xí)部分出現(xiàn)了關(guān)于“sufficiently”的練習(xí)題:
    (B級(jí)難度)8. Human facial(面部的) expressions(表情,表達(dá)) differ from (與...不同)those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled(控制) and modified(更改, 修改).
    A) sufficiently(充分地) B) noticeably(值得注意地, 顯而易見(jiàn)地) C) intentionally(有意地,故意地) D) absolutely(完全地,絕對(duì)地)
    8.C. deliberately是單義詞, 其基本詞義為“故意地”, 因此C是答案。
    需要掌握的相關(guān)近義詞詞組:
    deliberately– intentionally – on purpose 故意地
    modify – adjust – alter – change 改變
    noticeable – remarkable – unusual – striking – extraordinary 值得注意的, 非同尋常的
    noticeable在職稱英語(yǔ)詞匯選項(xiàng)題中出現(xiàn)頻率較高:
    (A 級(jí)難度)9.It was a question of (是...的問(wèn)題)making sure (確保)that certain(某些) needs were addressed(寫(xiě)姓名地址, 處理), notably in the pensions(養(yǎng)老金) area.
    A) noticeably(值得注意地) B) remarkably(值得注意地,顯著地)
    C) particularly (尤其, 特別) D) significantly(顯著地)
    9.C. notably的基本詞義為“顯著地,尤其”, notably在句中修飾介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)“in the pensions area(在養(yǎng)老金這個(gè)方面)”, 由此可見(jiàn)notably在句子中的含義為“尤其”, 因此C是答案。 A, B和D互為近義詞, 均可表示“顯著地”。
    (A 級(jí)難度)10. Academic records (學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)單)from other institutions(機(jī)構(gòu),協(xié)會(huì)) often become a part of a university’s official(官方的) file(文件) and can neither be returned(返回, 歸還) to a student nor (既不能...也不能...)duplicated.
    A) borrowed (借入) B) purchased(購(gòu)買(mǎi))
    C) copied(復(fù)制) D) lost(丟失)
    10. C. duplicate在句中充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞,其詞義為“復(fù)制, 使加倍”, 因此C(復(fù)制)是答案。
    需要掌握的近義詞詞組
    purchase – buy 購(gòu)買(mǎi)
    lost – missing – absent 失去的, 不見(jiàn)的