Text A current attitudes toward physical fitness
本課主要單詞
1.fitness n. 適當(dāng)，合理；健康
fit v. （使）適合；與…相稱；合身；容納 adj. 合適的；正當(dāng)?shù)?；健康的；合格?BR> 1）He does morning exercises every day to improve his fitness.（他每天做早操以增加體質(zhì)。）
2）He tried every means to make me believe the fitness of his decision.（他盡一切可能使我相信他的決定的合理性。）
3）I am going to help you choose the fridge that fits your needs.（我將幫你挑選適合你需要的冰箱。）
4）Try on this jacket and see if it fits you.（試試這件茄克，看看是否合身。）
5）This shelter can only fit a family of three.（這個(gè)防空洞只能容納一家三口。）
6）The water in this river is not fit to drink.（這條河里的水不適合飲用。）
7）She is fit for the job.（她能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。）
8）The old man looks fit.（那位老人看上去身體很好。）
2. misuse v. （n.） 誤用，濫用；虐待
mis-是一個(gè)常用的前綴，意思是badly or wrongly. 如misunderstand（誤解），misdirect（指錯(cuò)方向），misfortune（不幸），misspelling（拼寫錯(cuò)誤）
1）He misused a word in his report， which caused much confusion.（他在報(bào)告里用錯(cuò)了一個(gè)字，引起了莫大的混亂。）
2）He misused his servants.（他苛待仆人。）
3）You can see for yourself how he misused his powers.（你可以親眼去看他是如何濫用權(quán)力的。）
3.assure v. 使確信，使放心；向…保證
assurance n. 保證；信心
1）He assured me that there was nothing really wrong with my car.（他向我保證我的車實(shí)際上并沒有什么問題。）
2）I can assure you of his sincerity.（他的真誠我可以向你保證。）
3）She was assured a well-paid job after graduation.（有人保證她畢業(yè)后有一份待遇優(yōu)厚的工作。）
4）The hunter killed the snake and the child's life was assured.（獵人打死了蛇，孩子的生命保證了。）
5）He assured his property with this company.（他向這家公司保了財(cái)產(chǎn)險(xiǎn)。）
6）Her assurance that she would help gave me encouragement.（她會(huì)幫忙的保證給了我鼓勵(lì)。）
7）He continued his experiment with assurance.（他充滿信心地繼續(xù)他的試驗(yàn)。）
8）There is an assurance company round the corner.（不遠(yuǎn)處有一家保險(xiǎn)公司。）
4.career n. 生涯；職業(yè)；（事業(yè)的）成功
1）His career as a journalist was about to begin.（他的記者生涯即將開始。）
2）His political career ended after he left the white House.（離開白宮后，他的政治生涯就告結(jié)束了。）
3）She decided to make teaching her career.（她決定以教書為業(yè)。）
4）He has a career before him.（他前程遠(yuǎn)大。）
5.priority n. 優(yōu)先，重點(diǎn)；…優(yōu)先考慮的事
prior adj. 在先的；居先的；優(yōu)先的
1）They insist that the right to live should take priority over all other considerations.（他們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，生存權(quán)利應(yīng)放在其他一切因素之上。）
2）Security is a top priority.（安全是應(yīng)予優(yōu)先考慮的事。）
3）We should place priority on the interest of the public.（我們應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮公眾的利益。）
4）She quitted her job without prior discussion with her parent.（她未經(jīng)事先與父母商討就辭了職。）
5）A week prior to the meeting， he made a phone call to me.（在見面前的一個(gè)星期，他給我打了個(gè)電話。）
6.pro adv. 從正面 prep. 贊成 n. 贊成的意見，贊成者
con adv. 從反面 prep. 反對(duì) n. 反對(duì)的意見；反對(duì)者
1）Much has been written on the subject pro and con. （有關(guān)這個(gè)問題已有很多論著，有正面的，也有反面的。）
2）The pros and cons of mixed schooling are now under discussion.（男女同校的利弊問題正在討論之中。）
3）Are you pro or con nuclear disarmament？（你是贊成還是反對(duì)核裁軍？）
7.Involvement n. 卷入，牽連；復(fù)雜情況
involve v. 使卷入，牽涉；包含
1）He didn't have any direct involvement in this affair. （他未直接卷入這個(gè)事件中。）
2）His parents warned him to avoid involvement with the street-loafers.（他父母告誡他不要與街頭的游手好閑者牽連在一起。）
3）My personal involvement with him and his family is deep.（我個(gè)人和他以及他的家庭瓜葛很深。）
4）He was involved in stealing.（他卷進(jìn)了偷盜事件中。）
5）The investigation involves a lot innocent people.（這次調(diào)查牽扯到許多無辜者。）
6）Swimming involves long hours of training.（游泳必須進(jìn)行數(shù)小時(shí)的訓(xùn)練。）
8.pursuit n. 追蹤，追求，樂趣
1）I don't know what they are in pursuit of. （我不知道他們在追求什么）
2）In the pursuit of their goal， they got a lot of help from friends.（他追求目標(biāo)的過程中，他們得到了朋友的大力幫助。）
3）They are now engaged in scientific pursuit.（他們在從事科學(xué)研究。）
4）Stamp-collecting is one of his favorite pursuits.（他的愛好之一是集郵。）
9.limitation n. 限制，局限，缺陷
1）All railways have weight and height limitations， because of tunnels， bridges and so on.（由于隧道、橋梁等原因，所有鐵道皆有載重及車廂高度限制。）
2）As the old saying goes， a wise man knows his own limitations.（正如古諺語所說，明智的人有自知之明。）
3）With all its advantages， the computer is by no means without its limitations.（盡管計(jì)算機(jī)有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但絕非沒有局限性。）
10.time-consuming adj. 耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的
n+v-ing 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞十分常見。如labor-saving （省力的），energy-consuming （耗費(fèi)能源的）
1）Doing housework and taking care of little children can be very time-consuming.（料照家務(wù)照看孩子非常耗費(fèi)時(shí)間。）
2）Before you take up this project， you must be fully aware that it is really time-consuming.（在你著手這個(gè)項(xiàng)目前，你必須充分意識(shí)到這的確很浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。）
11. recreation n. 娛樂活動(dòng)，消遣
1）His only recreations are playing chess and working in the garden. （他的消遣活動(dòng)是下棋和養(yǎng)花種草。）
2）He always told us that he was too busy for recreation.（他總是對(duì)我們說他太忙，沒空消遣。）
12. schedule n. 日程表 v. 安排，排定
1）He looked at the schedule of postal charges trying to find out how much he would have to pay.（他看著郵費(fèi)價(jià)目表，想弄清楚得付多少錢。）
2）They wanted to plan a tight schedule of travel.（他們想安排一個(gè)緊湊的旅行日程。）
3）The organizer of the conference came to tell them the schedule for the following days.（會(huì)議組織者來告訴他們隨后幾天的日程安排。）
4）The train arrived two behind schedule.（火車誤點(diǎn)兩小時(shí)。）
5）They finished their work ahead of schedule.（他們提前完成了任務(wù)。）
6）The Wilson's are scheduling a visit to China.（威爾遜一家正在安排來中國游覽。）
7）He is scheduled to arrived tomorrow.（他定于明天到達(dá)。）
13.facility n. 設(shè)備，設(shè)施；便利，容易；技巧
1）They decided to spend more on educational facilities. （他們決定加大在教育設(shè)備上的投入。）
2）The kitchen is equipped with all the necessary modern facilities.（廚房里裝有所有必備的現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備。）
3）The experts are satisfied with the airport facilities.（專家們對(duì)機(jī)場設(shè)施很滿意。）
4）This tool can be used with greater facility than that one.（這個(gè)工具使用起來比那個(gè)工具方便。）
5）He has great facility in learning languages.（他很有學(xué)習(xí)語言的技能。）
14.commitment n. 承擔(dān)的責(zé)任或義務(wù)，，信奉
1）He seemed to lack the commitment to pursue a difficult task the very end.（他似乎缺少一種將困難工作做到后的獻(xiàn)身精神。）
2）I cannot give you any commitment for more leave and better pay.（我不能允諾你更多休假、更高報(bào)酬。）
3）We cannot expect him to carry out his campaign commitments.（我們不能指望他履行競選諾言。）
4）The No.1 domestic commitment of the next Administration is to control inflation.（下屆政府對(duì)國內(nèi)承擔(dān)的首要義務(wù)是控制通貨膨脹。）
15.scope n. （活動(dòng)，影響能力的）范圍
1）He is looking for a job that will give him greater scope for initiative.（他在尋找一個(gè)能使他充分發(fā)揮積極性的工作。）
2）Such subjects are not within the scope of my mind.（這些問題不在本書論及的范圍之內(nèi)。）
3）What you talked about was beyond the scope of my mind.（你所談的超出了我的理解范圍。）
4）I'd like to have more scope for putting my ideas into practice.（我希望能有更多的機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)施我的新主意。）
16.comment n.評(píng)論，評(píng)注 v. 評(píng)論
1）He refused to make any comment on the rumor that he had bribed the officials.（他拒絕對(duì)他賄賂官員的傳言發(fā)表任何評(píng)論。）
2）Do you have any comment on this article？（你對(duì)這篇文章有什么意見？）
3）The spokesman commented on the recent development of national economy.（發(fā)言人對(duì)近來國有經(jīng)濟(jì)的形勢發(fā)表了意見。）
4）If you comment on his work favorably， he will be very happy.（如果你對(duì)他的工作予以好評(píng)，他會(huì)非常高興。）
17.maintain v. 維持，保持；維修，保養(yǎng)，扶養(yǎng)；斷言
1）Maintaining law and order is of top priority.（維持法律和秩序是頭等大事。）
2）Everyone should contribute to maintaining world peace.（每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)為維護(hù)世界和平作出貢獻(xiàn)。）
3）To get there before dark， you have to maintain a high speed of 80 miles an hour.（你得保持每小時(shí)80英里的高速才能在天黑之前到那兒。）
4）Their work is to maintain railway lines.（他們的工作是養(yǎng)護(hù)鐵路。）
5）He found it so hard to maintain a family of five.（他感到要負(fù)擔(dān)一個(gè)五口之家很困難。）
6）He maintained that such things should never be done again.（他強(qiáng)調(diào)這種事情不應(yīng)再發(fā)生了。）
18.approach v. 靠近；處理（問題） n. 方法；接近
1）The train is approaching the station.（火車在向車站靠近。）
2）His work is approaching perfection.（他的工作漸臻完美。）
3）He approached the problem with calm and caution.（他沉著而審慎地對(duì)持那個(gè)問題。）
4）Go home quickly， a storm is approaching.（快點(diǎn)回家，暴風(fēng)雨即將來臨。）
5）Our approach drove away the wild animals.（我們一靠近就把野獸趕跑了。）
6）The best approach to this problem is to cut down cost and increase efficiency.（解決這個(gè)問題的好方法是降低成本，提高效率。）
19.positive adj. 確定的；積極地，肯定地
positively adv. 確定地，明確地；積極地，肯定地
1）He was frightened by the results of his blood test， for all tested items show positive reactions.（驗(yàn)血結(jié)果把他嚇壞了，每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目都顯示陽性反應(yīng)。）
2）I'm positive about it.（對(duì)這點(diǎn)我有絕對(duì)把握。）
3）They longed for a positive answer.（他們渴望得到肯定的答復(fù)。）
4）You should adopt a more positive attitude toward life.（對(duì)生活你應(yīng)該采取更積極的態(tài)度。）
5）He never answered my questions positively.（他從不肯定地回答我的問題。）
20.aspect n. 方向；外表
1）They considered the plan in all its aspects.（他們?nèi)娴乜紤]了這一計(jì)劃。）
2）His face had a frightening aspect.（他的臉色很嚇人。）
21. emerge v. 出現(xiàn)
1）The sun emerged from behind a cloud.（太陽從云朵后面出來了。）
2）Different ideas have emerged.（不同意見出現(xiàn)了。）
3）A modern industrial city is now emerging.（一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)城市正在興起。）
本課簡介
人人都知道健康的重要，但人們對(duì)于參加健身活動(dòng)的態(tài)度如何呢？本文作者通過許多具體的事例告訴我們，人們對(duì)于參加健身活動(dòng)有許多認(rèn)識(shí)上的誤區(qū)，因而有必要重新審視自己在這一問題上的態(tài)度和做法。
人們對(duì)于健康活動(dòng)有哪些看法呢？一些學(xué)生認(rèn)為，留出時(shí)間來健身是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，健身活動(dòng)并不比學(xué)打橋牌對(duì)他更有用，學(xué)業(yè)和前程才是重 要的。還有人認(rèn)為健身固然重要，但實(shí)在沒有時(shí)間健身。也有人說自己已經(jīng)夠健康了，保持現(xiàn)狀應(yīng)該沒有問題。另外有些人則抱怨沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施，也無法從他人那兒 得到什么幫助，或者覺得運(yùn)動(dòng)后的渾身汗味令他們不舒服。
以上種種皆是不愿意進(jìn)行健身活動(dòng)的人們的看法，那么對(duì)于那些原意進(jìn)行健身活動(dòng)的人們來說，他們的認(rèn)識(shí)和做法也并非沒有問題。有人 說，我跑步是因?yàn)樗奚崂锏拿恳粋€(gè)人都在晚上跑步。也有人說，我運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)每消耗3500卡熱量就能減掉一磅體重，圣誕節(jié)前我只有十磅要減了。還有人說，這個(gè)周 末天氣涼爽，星期六看來是個(gè)好日子。另外，健身只是為了長壽也是常見的看法。
你的認(rèn)識(shí)是否類似于上述某種觀點(diǎn)？請(qǐng)記住健康雖不一定保證長壽，但能有助于你快樂地生活每一天。
本課主要語言點(diǎn)
1. Recently we were told by a student that setting aside time for improving his physical fitness would be a total misuse of his working hours.
that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語從句，在這個(gè)從句中，動(dòng)名詞短語setting aside time…做主語，此類結(jié)構(gòu)在英語中很常見。如：
1）He told me that getting up early in the morning was hard for him.（他告訴我早起對(duì)他來說很困難。）
2）The teacher said that cheating on exams was on the increase in many schools.（那位老師說在許多學(xué)校考試作弊現(xiàn)象在增長。）
3）My brother told me that setting up his own company would not be totally impossible.（我兄弟對(duì)我說建立他自己的公司并不是一件完全不可能的事。）
set aside 意思是to reserve or keep sth. for a special use or purpose （留出、撥出）；set aside也可表示overturn（駁回、取消），disregard（不顧）。如：
1）He decided to set aside 50 yuan every month so that he could buy a used bike.（他打算每個(gè)月留出50塊錢以便能買輛二手自行車。）
2）His parents asked him to set aside 30 minutes every morning reading English.（他父母要求他每天早晨留出30分鐘讀英語。）
3）The government set aside thirteen per cent of the money for health and education.（政府撥出這筆錢地百分之十三用于健康和教育。）
4）The original verdict was eventually set aside by the Supreme Court.（原先地裁決終被高法庭駁回。）
5）We must set aside all formality and another try.（我們必須不拘形式再試。）
a / the misuse of sth.意思是 use sth. in an incorrect or improper manner（誤用、濫用）。如：
The misuse of company assets brought about heavy losses.（濫用公司財(cái)產(chǎn)造成了嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。）
在詞匯部分我們講到mis-是一個(gè)前綴，常指things being done badly or wrongly. 如：understand-misunderstand ， print-misprint等等。
2. He assured us that he would be no better served by a fitness program than by learning to play bridge.
本句中地no是一個(gè)副詞，用在副詞比較級(jí)地前面，表示“并不、毫不”。no也可以在形容詞比較級(jí)地前面。如：no more than， no less than， no longer than，no farther than 等等。
1）I could no more play piano than you.（我和你一樣不會(huì)彈鋼琴。）
2）This place is no better than slum.（這地方與貧民窟差不多。）
better是副詞well的比較級(jí)形式，served是個(gè)過去分詞，可用作形容詞，如： better organized， better prepared， better managed等等。
assure是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“使確信、使放心”，主要用法是：
1）assure sb. of sth.
He assured me of the feasibility of the plan.（他使我確信這個(gè)計(jì)劃是可行的。）
2）assure sb. that……
I assured my mother that I would handle the problem.（我向母親保證我能處理這個(gè)問題。）
請(qǐng)注意區(qū)別assure，ensure，insure和secure這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞。
assure指以十分肯定的語氣向別人保證某事一定發(fā)生，多用assure sb. of / that在結(jié)構(gòu)中；ensure意為確保某種行動(dòng)或動(dòng)因的結(jié)果一定會(huì)發(fā)生，后面可以跟sth.或that從句，但不能帶雙賓語；insure意思是“給… 保險(xiǎn)”；secure的意思是make safe（使安全）。
1）He assured me that Dr. Baker would come.（他向我保證貝克博士會(huì)來。）
2）To ensure the child's quick recovery， the doctor gave him three different medicines.（為了保證孩子盡快康復(fù)，醫(yī)生給了他三種不同的藥物。）
3）The house is insured against fire.（這房子保了火災(zāi)險(xiǎn)。）
4）They tried their best to secure the bridge from further attack.（他們盡力保護(hù)橋梁免受進(jìn)一步的攻擊。）
3.College and his preparation for a career were his only priorities.請(qǐng)注意區(qū)prepare 和prepare for的區(qū)別。
prepare sb. or sth. 指make them ready for an event or action that will happen in the future，如：
We have to prepare our lessons carefully.（我們得仔細(xì)備課。）
prepare for an event or action指get oneself ready for it； make plans for it so that it and prepared when it happens， 如：
The children washed out hands and prepared for the meal.（孩子們洗好手準(zhǔn)備吃飯。）
名詞preparation通常用在短語make preparations for和in preparation for當(dāng)中，如：
1）They were making preparations for the old man's funeral.（他們在為老人的葬禮做準(zhǔn)備。）
2）We will have to collect new material in preparation for the experiment.（我們得收集新資料為實(shí)驗(yàn)作準(zhǔn)備。）
priority指 give priority to和 take / has priority當(dāng)中。如：
1）This project has priority over all others.（這個(gè)項(xiàng)目比所有其他項(xiàng)目都更受重視。）
2）Education is given first priority in their family.（教育在他們家是予以優(yōu)先考慮的問題。）
4.This student has seen being physically fit as an end rather than the means we know it to be.
see sth. as意思是“把…看作為”，我們以前學(xué)過不少類似的短語，如：regard…as，look upon…as，think of…as，view…as等等。
being physically fit意思是“身體健康”。
an end rather than the means意思是“是一種目的而不是達(dá)到目的的方法”。 rather than意思是“而不是”。
1）He was seen as the most capable person in the company.（人們認(rèn)為他是公司能干的人。）
2）We saw her silence as consent.（我們把她的沉默看作為同意。）
3）To be physically fit is our greatest wish for grandfather.（身體健康是我們對(duì)爺爺?shù)拇笙Ｍ?。?BR> 4）You need to do more exercise if you want to be physically fit.（如果你想身體健康，就需要進(jìn)行更多的鍛煉。）
5）He came all the way to China for promoting friendship rather than for making money.（他千里迢迢來到中國不是為了賺錢，而是為了增進(jìn)友誼。）
5.His opinion is one of the many feelings， pro or con， that people hold about their personal involvement in a physical fitness program.
pro和con在本句中作形容詞用，pro的意思是for（贊成），con的意思是against（反對(duì)）。pro or con在句子中作后置定語，修飾名詞feeling.后置定語在英語中也很常見。如：
1）Countries， big or small， should be equal.（國家無論大小都是平等的。）
2）He studied in a room， clean and tidy.（他在干凈整齊的房間里學(xué)習(xí)。）
（在上述例句中，兩個(gè)成對(duì)的或反對(duì)的形容詞，用and或or連接，共同修飾一個(gè)名詞。這是形容詞作后置定語的一種用法。）
1）The active involvement of thousands of people in the election campaign surprised him.（成千上萬的人積極參與競選活動(dòng)令他驚奇。）
2）He avoids involvement in politics.（他避免卷入政治。）
6.Certainly some of there individuals may have physical limitations that make activity extremely difficult， and others are engaged in time-consuming activities that until finished do not permit opportunities for recreation.
that make activity extremely difficult是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾physical limitations.
Be engaged in sth. 意思是be involved in sth.（使從事，使忙于），如：
1）They were engaged in the study of soil conservation.（他們在從事土壤保持的研究。）
2）It is inappropriate for him to engage in this activity.（他從事這一活動(dòng)是不合適的。）
7.…I'll have no difficulty staying that way.
have （no） difficulty doing sth.（做某事有/無困難），也可以用have （no） trouble doing sth.。如：
1）He has no difficulty understanding the Chinese film.（看懂那部中國電影他沒有困難。）
2）I had a lot of trouble getting back to sleep after I answered the phone call.（接過電話后，我無法再入睡。）
8.…you may have made a commitment to a physical fitness program that might be rather narrow in scope.
make （a） commitment to 意思是make a firm promise（作出），或者involvement（投入）。
Narrow in scope意思是范圍很窄，很狹隘。我們接觸過在形容詞后面加介詞in再加名詞的機(jī)構(gòu)，如similar in appearance（外表相像）。
9.What could I achieve if I were really in top physical condition？
本句中用了虛擬語氣，從句中用過去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were），主句中用could或should / would / might加動(dòng)詞原形，表示的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，如：
1）If he were on time， we wouldn't have to wait for him.（如果他能準(zhǔn)時(shí)，我們就不用等他了。）
2）If they had time now， they would come to see us.（如果他們現(xiàn)在有時(shí)間，他們就來看我們了。）
in top physical condition 意思是“身體很健康”。如：
The old man is in top （very good， excellent…） physical condition though he is already 76.（老人雖已七十六歲，但身體非常健康。）
10.In the final analysis， we think that although fitness will not guarantee that you will live longer， it can help you enjoy the years you do live.
in the final analysis意思是ultimately（歸根結(jié)底），如：
They realized in the final / last analysis that their job was to tell public the facts.（他們認(rèn)識(shí)到他們的工作歸根結(jié)底是把事實(shí)公諸于眾。）
guarantee的意思是保證，擔(dān)保，后面可跟名詞；to do或that從句。如：
1）Wealth doesn't guarantee happiness.（財(cái)富不能保證快樂。）
2）They guaranteed to finish the work in two hours.（他們保證在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。）
3）I guarantee that they will win the game.（我保證他們會(huì)贏這場比賽）。
do在句中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
本課主要短語（phrases and expressions）
1.set aside
2.a misuse of
3.no better than
4.prepare for / make preparations for
5.be physically fit
6.be seen as
7.rather than
8.pro or con
9.involvement in / be/become/get involved in
10.in pursuit of
11. be engaged in
12. have （no）difficulty doing sth.
13.get support from
14.make commitment to
15.narrow in scope
16.approach to
17.in top physical condition
18.be capable of
19.keep in mind
20.in the final analysis
Text B people and colors
短語表達(dá)
1. in general
In general， girls do better on test about vocabulary than boys.
In general， there are two different ideas about where to go.
2. remind sb. of sth.
The way he walks reminds me of his father.
The picture reminds me of the days I spent in the countryside.
3.associate with
People usually associate the underground with something evil.
They like to associate with people from all walks of life.
4.react to
I cannot imagine how the audience will react to his speech.
Young children react to the color of an object before they react to its shape.
本課主要單詞
1.fitness n. 適當(dāng)，合理；健康
fit v. （使）適合；與…相稱；合身；容納 adj. 合適的；正當(dāng)?shù)?；健康的；合格?BR> 1）He does morning exercises every day to improve his fitness.（他每天做早操以增加體質(zhì)。）
2）He tried every means to make me believe the fitness of his decision.（他盡一切可能使我相信他的決定的合理性。）
3）I am going to help you choose the fridge that fits your needs.（我將幫你挑選適合你需要的冰箱。）
4）Try on this jacket and see if it fits you.（試試這件茄克，看看是否合身。）
5）This shelter can only fit a family of three.（這個(gè)防空洞只能容納一家三口。）
6）The water in this river is not fit to drink.（這條河里的水不適合飲用。）
7）She is fit for the job.（她能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。）
8）The old man looks fit.（那位老人看上去身體很好。）
2. misuse v. （n.） 誤用，濫用；虐待
mis-是一個(gè)常用的前綴，意思是badly or wrongly. 如misunderstand（誤解），misdirect（指錯(cuò)方向），misfortune（不幸），misspelling（拼寫錯(cuò)誤）
1）He misused a word in his report， which caused much confusion.（他在報(bào)告里用錯(cuò)了一個(gè)字，引起了莫大的混亂。）
2）He misused his servants.（他苛待仆人。）
3）You can see for yourself how he misused his powers.（你可以親眼去看他是如何濫用權(quán)力的。）
3.assure v. 使確信，使放心；向…保證
assurance n. 保證；信心
1）He assured me that there was nothing really wrong with my car.（他向我保證我的車實(shí)際上并沒有什么問題。）
2）I can assure you of his sincerity.（他的真誠我可以向你保證。）
3）She was assured a well-paid job after graduation.（有人保證她畢業(yè)后有一份待遇優(yōu)厚的工作。）
4）The hunter killed the snake and the child's life was assured.（獵人打死了蛇，孩子的生命保證了。）
5）He assured his property with this company.（他向這家公司保了財(cái)產(chǎn)險(xiǎn)。）
6）Her assurance that she would help gave me encouragement.（她會(huì)幫忙的保證給了我鼓勵(lì)。）
7）He continued his experiment with assurance.（他充滿信心地繼續(xù)他的試驗(yàn)。）
8）There is an assurance company round the corner.（不遠(yuǎn)處有一家保險(xiǎn)公司。）
4.career n. 生涯；職業(yè)；（事業(yè)的）成功
1）His career as a journalist was about to begin.（他的記者生涯即將開始。）
2）His political career ended after he left the white House.（離開白宮后，他的政治生涯就告結(jié)束了。）
3）She decided to make teaching her career.（她決定以教書為業(yè)。）
4）He has a career before him.（他前程遠(yuǎn)大。）
5.priority n. 優(yōu)先，重點(diǎn)；…優(yōu)先考慮的事
prior adj. 在先的；居先的；優(yōu)先的
1）They insist that the right to live should take priority over all other considerations.（他們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，生存權(quán)利應(yīng)放在其他一切因素之上。）
2）Security is a top priority.（安全是應(yīng)予優(yōu)先考慮的事。）
3）We should place priority on the interest of the public.（我們應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮公眾的利益。）
4）She quitted her job without prior discussion with her parent.（她未經(jīng)事先與父母商討就辭了職。）
5）A week prior to the meeting， he made a phone call to me.（在見面前的一個(gè)星期，他給我打了個(gè)電話。）
6.pro adv. 從正面 prep. 贊成 n. 贊成的意見，贊成者
con adv. 從反面 prep. 反對(duì) n. 反對(duì)的意見；反對(duì)者
1）Much has been written on the subject pro and con. （有關(guān)這個(gè)問題已有很多論著，有正面的，也有反面的。）
2）The pros and cons of mixed schooling are now under discussion.（男女同校的利弊問題正在討論之中。）
3）Are you pro or con nuclear disarmament？（你是贊成還是反對(duì)核裁軍？）
7.Involvement n. 卷入，牽連；復(fù)雜情況
involve v. 使卷入，牽涉；包含
1）He didn't have any direct involvement in this affair. （他未直接卷入這個(gè)事件中。）
2）His parents warned him to avoid involvement with the street-loafers.（他父母告誡他不要與街頭的游手好閑者牽連在一起。）
3）My personal involvement with him and his family is deep.（我個(gè)人和他以及他的家庭瓜葛很深。）
4）He was involved in stealing.（他卷進(jìn)了偷盜事件中。）
5）The investigation involves a lot innocent people.（這次調(diào)查牽扯到許多無辜者。）
6）Swimming involves long hours of training.（游泳必須進(jìn)行數(shù)小時(shí)的訓(xùn)練。）
8.pursuit n. 追蹤，追求，樂趣
1）I don't know what they are in pursuit of. （我不知道他們在追求什么）
2）In the pursuit of their goal， they got a lot of help from friends.（他追求目標(biāo)的過程中，他們得到了朋友的大力幫助。）
3）They are now engaged in scientific pursuit.（他們在從事科學(xué)研究。）
4）Stamp-collecting is one of his favorite pursuits.（他的愛好之一是集郵。）
9.limitation n. 限制，局限，缺陷
1）All railways have weight and height limitations， because of tunnels， bridges and so on.（由于隧道、橋梁等原因，所有鐵道皆有載重及車廂高度限制。）
2）As the old saying goes， a wise man knows his own limitations.（正如古諺語所說，明智的人有自知之明。）
3）With all its advantages， the computer is by no means without its limitations.（盡管計(jì)算機(jī)有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但絕非沒有局限性。）
10.time-consuming adj. 耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的
n+v-ing 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞十分常見。如labor-saving （省力的），energy-consuming （耗費(fèi)能源的）
1）Doing housework and taking care of little children can be very time-consuming.（料照家務(wù)照看孩子非常耗費(fèi)時(shí)間。）
2）Before you take up this project， you must be fully aware that it is really time-consuming.（在你著手這個(gè)項(xiàng)目前，你必須充分意識(shí)到這的確很浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。）
11. recreation n. 娛樂活動(dòng)，消遣
1）His only recreations are playing chess and working in the garden. （他的消遣活動(dòng)是下棋和養(yǎng)花種草。）
2）He always told us that he was too busy for recreation.（他總是對(duì)我們說他太忙，沒空消遣。）
12. schedule n. 日程表 v. 安排，排定
1）He looked at the schedule of postal charges trying to find out how much he would have to pay.（他看著郵費(fèi)價(jià)目表，想弄清楚得付多少錢。）
2）They wanted to plan a tight schedule of travel.（他們想安排一個(gè)緊湊的旅行日程。）
3）The organizer of the conference came to tell them the schedule for the following days.（會(huì)議組織者來告訴他們隨后幾天的日程安排。）
4）The train arrived two behind schedule.（火車誤點(diǎn)兩小時(shí)。）
5）They finished their work ahead of schedule.（他們提前完成了任務(wù)。）
6）The Wilson's are scheduling a visit to China.（威爾遜一家正在安排來中國游覽。）
7）He is scheduled to arrived tomorrow.（他定于明天到達(dá)。）
13.facility n. 設(shè)備，設(shè)施；便利，容易；技巧
1）They decided to spend more on educational facilities. （他們決定加大在教育設(shè)備上的投入。）
2）The kitchen is equipped with all the necessary modern facilities.（廚房里裝有所有必備的現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備。）
3）The experts are satisfied with the airport facilities.（專家們對(duì)機(jī)場設(shè)施很滿意。）
4）This tool can be used with greater facility than that one.（這個(gè)工具使用起來比那個(gè)工具方便。）
5）He has great facility in learning languages.（他很有學(xué)習(xí)語言的技能。）
14.commitment n. 承擔(dān)的責(zé)任或義務(wù)，，信奉
1）He seemed to lack the commitment to pursue a difficult task the very end.（他似乎缺少一種將困難工作做到后的獻(xiàn)身精神。）
2）I cannot give you any commitment for more leave and better pay.（我不能允諾你更多休假、更高報(bào)酬。）
3）We cannot expect him to carry out his campaign commitments.（我們不能指望他履行競選諾言。）
4）The No.1 domestic commitment of the next Administration is to control inflation.（下屆政府對(duì)國內(nèi)承擔(dān)的首要義務(wù)是控制通貨膨脹。）
15.scope n. （活動(dòng)，影響能力的）范圍
1）He is looking for a job that will give him greater scope for initiative.（他在尋找一個(gè)能使他充分發(fā)揮積極性的工作。）
2）Such subjects are not within the scope of my mind.（這些問題不在本書論及的范圍之內(nèi)。）
3）What you talked about was beyond the scope of my mind.（你所談的超出了我的理解范圍。）
4）I'd like to have more scope for putting my ideas into practice.（我希望能有更多的機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)施我的新主意。）
16.comment n.評(píng)論，評(píng)注 v. 評(píng)論
1）He refused to make any comment on the rumor that he had bribed the officials.（他拒絕對(duì)他賄賂官員的傳言發(fā)表任何評(píng)論。）
2）Do you have any comment on this article？（你對(duì)這篇文章有什么意見？）
3）The spokesman commented on the recent development of national economy.（發(fā)言人對(duì)近來國有經(jīng)濟(jì)的形勢發(fā)表了意見。）
4）If you comment on his work favorably， he will be very happy.（如果你對(duì)他的工作予以好評(píng)，他會(huì)非常高興。）
17.maintain v. 維持，保持；維修，保養(yǎng)，扶養(yǎng)；斷言
1）Maintaining law and order is of top priority.（維持法律和秩序是頭等大事。）
2）Everyone should contribute to maintaining world peace.（每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)為維護(hù)世界和平作出貢獻(xiàn)。）
3）To get there before dark， you have to maintain a high speed of 80 miles an hour.（你得保持每小時(shí)80英里的高速才能在天黑之前到那兒。）
4）Their work is to maintain railway lines.（他們的工作是養(yǎng)護(hù)鐵路。）
5）He found it so hard to maintain a family of five.（他感到要負(fù)擔(dān)一個(gè)五口之家很困難。）
6）He maintained that such things should never be done again.（他強(qiáng)調(diào)這種事情不應(yīng)再發(fā)生了。）
18.approach v. 靠近；處理（問題） n. 方法；接近
1）The train is approaching the station.（火車在向車站靠近。）
2）His work is approaching perfection.（他的工作漸臻完美。）
3）He approached the problem with calm and caution.（他沉著而審慎地對(duì)持那個(gè)問題。）
4）Go home quickly， a storm is approaching.（快點(diǎn)回家，暴風(fēng)雨即將來臨。）
5）Our approach drove away the wild animals.（我們一靠近就把野獸趕跑了。）
6）The best approach to this problem is to cut down cost and increase efficiency.（解決這個(gè)問題的好方法是降低成本，提高效率。）
19.positive adj. 確定的；積極地，肯定地
positively adv. 確定地，明確地；積極地，肯定地
1）He was frightened by the results of his blood test， for all tested items show positive reactions.（驗(yàn)血結(jié)果把他嚇壞了，每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目都顯示陽性反應(yīng)。）
2）I'm positive about it.（對(duì)這點(diǎn)我有絕對(duì)把握。）
3）They longed for a positive answer.（他們渴望得到肯定的答復(fù)。）
4）You should adopt a more positive attitude toward life.（對(duì)生活你應(yīng)該采取更積極的態(tài)度。）
5）He never answered my questions positively.（他從不肯定地回答我的問題。）
20.aspect n. 方向；外表
1）They considered the plan in all its aspects.（他們?nèi)娴乜紤]了這一計(jì)劃。）
2）His face had a frightening aspect.（他的臉色很嚇人。）
21. emerge v. 出現(xiàn)
1）The sun emerged from behind a cloud.（太陽從云朵后面出來了。）
2）Different ideas have emerged.（不同意見出現(xiàn)了。）
3）A modern industrial city is now emerging.（一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)城市正在興起。）
本課簡介
人人都知道健康的重要，但人們對(duì)于參加健身活動(dòng)的態(tài)度如何呢？本文作者通過許多具體的事例告訴我們，人們對(duì)于參加健身活動(dòng)有許多認(rèn)識(shí)上的誤區(qū)，因而有必要重新審視自己在這一問題上的態(tài)度和做法。
人們對(duì)于健康活動(dòng)有哪些看法呢？一些學(xué)生認(rèn)為，留出時(shí)間來健身是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，健身活動(dòng)并不比學(xué)打橋牌對(duì)他更有用，學(xué)業(yè)和前程才是重 要的。還有人認(rèn)為健身固然重要，但實(shí)在沒有時(shí)間健身。也有人說自己已經(jīng)夠健康了，保持現(xiàn)狀應(yīng)該沒有問題。另外有些人則抱怨沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施，也無法從他人那兒 得到什么幫助，或者覺得運(yùn)動(dòng)后的渾身汗味令他們不舒服。
以上種種皆是不愿意進(jìn)行健身活動(dòng)的人們的看法，那么對(duì)于那些原意進(jìn)行健身活動(dòng)的人們來說，他們的認(rèn)識(shí)和做法也并非沒有問題。有人 說，我跑步是因?yàn)樗奚崂锏拿恳粋€(gè)人都在晚上跑步。也有人說，我運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)每消耗3500卡熱量就能減掉一磅體重，圣誕節(jié)前我只有十磅要減了。還有人說，這個(gè)周 末天氣涼爽，星期六看來是個(gè)好日子。另外，健身只是為了長壽也是常見的看法。
你的認(rèn)識(shí)是否類似于上述某種觀點(diǎn)？請(qǐng)記住健康雖不一定保證長壽，但能有助于你快樂地生活每一天。
本課主要語言點(diǎn)
1. Recently we were told by a student that setting aside time for improving his physical fitness would be a total misuse of his working hours.
that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語從句，在這個(gè)從句中，動(dòng)名詞短語setting aside time…做主語，此類結(jié)構(gòu)在英語中很常見。如：
1）He told me that getting up early in the morning was hard for him.（他告訴我早起對(duì)他來說很困難。）
2）The teacher said that cheating on exams was on the increase in many schools.（那位老師說在許多學(xué)校考試作弊現(xiàn)象在增長。）
3）My brother told me that setting up his own company would not be totally impossible.（我兄弟對(duì)我說建立他自己的公司并不是一件完全不可能的事。）
set aside 意思是to reserve or keep sth. for a special use or purpose （留出、撥出）；set aside也可表示overturn（駁回、取消），disregard（不顧）。如：
1）He decided to set aside 50 yuan every month so that he could buy a used bike.（他打算每個(gè)月留出50塊錢以便能買輛二手自行車。）
2）His parents asked him to set aside 30 minutes every morning reading English.（他父母要求他每天早晨留出30分鐘讀英語。）
3）The government set aside thirteen per cent of the money for health and education.（政府撥出這筆錢地百分之十三用于健康和教育。）
4）The original verdict was eventually set aside by the Supreme Court.（原先地裁決終被高法庭駁回。）
5）We must set aside all formality and another try.（我們必須不拘形式再試。）
a / the misuse of sth.意思是 use sth. in an incorrect or improper manner（誤用、濫用）。如：
The misuse of company assets brought about heavy losses.（濫用公司財(cái)產(chǎn)造成了嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。）
在詞匯部分我們講到mis-是一個(gè)前綴，常指things being done badly or wrongly. 如：understand-misunderstand ， print-misprint等等。
2. He assured us that he would be no better served by a fitness program than by learning to play bridge.
本句中地no是一個(gè)副詞，用在副詞比較級(jí)地前面，表示“并不、毫不”。no也可以在形容詞比較級(jí)地前面。如：no more than， no less than， no longer than，no farther than 等等。
1）I could no more play piano than you.（我和你一樣不會(huì)彈鋼琴。）
2）This place is no better than slum.（這地方與貧民窟差不多。）
better是副詞well的比較級(jí)形式，served是個(gè)過去分詞，可用作形容詞，如： better organized， better prepared， better managed等等。
assure是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“使確信、使放心”，主要用法是：
1）assure sb. of sth.
He assured me of the feasibility of the plan.（他使我確信這個(gè)計(jì)劃是可行的。）
2）assure sb. that……
I assured my mother that I would handle the problem.（我向母親保證我能處理這個(gè)問題。）
請(qǐng)注意區(qū)別assure，ensure，insure和secure這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞。
assure指以十分肯定的語氣向別人保證某事一定發(fā)生，多用assure sb. of / that在結(jié)構(gòu)中；ensure意為確保某種行動(dòng)或動(dòng)因的結(jié)果一定會(huì)發(fā)生，后面可以跟sth.或that從句，但不能帶雙賓語；insure意思是“給… 保險(xiǎn)”；secure的意思是make safe（使安全）。
1）He assured me that Dr. Baker would come.（他向我保證貝克博士會(huì)來。）
2）To ensure the child's quick recovery， the doctor gave him three different medicines.（為了保證孩子盡快康復(fù)，醫(yī)生給了他三種不同的藥物。）
3）The house is insured against fire.（這房子保了火災(zāi)險(xiǎn)。）
4）They tried their best to secure the bridge from further attack.（他們盡力保護(hù)橋梁免受進(jìn)一步的攻擊。）
3.College and his preparation for a career were his only priorities.請(qǐng)注意區(qū)prepare 和prepare for的區(qū)別。
prepare sb. or sth. 指make them ready for an event or action that will happen in the future，如：
We have to prepare our lessons carefully.（我們得仔細(xì)備課。）
prepare for an event or action指get oneself ready for it； make plans for it so that it and prepared when it happens， 如：
The children washed out hands and prepared for the meal.（孩子們洗好手準(zhǔn)備吃飯。）
名詞preparation通常用在短語make preparations for和in preparation for當(dāng)中，如：
1）They were making preparations for the old man's funeral.（他們在為老人的葬禮做準(zhǔn)備。）
2）We will have to collect new material in preparation for the experiment.（我們得收集新資料為實(shí)驗(yàn)作準(zhǔn)備。）
priority指 give priority to和 take / has priority當(dāng)中。如：
1）This project has priority over all others.（這個(gè)項(xiàng)目比所有其他項(xiàng)目都更受重視。）
2）Education is given first priority in their family.（教育在他們家是予以優(yōu)先考慮的問題。）
4.This student has seen being physically fit as an end rather than the means we know it to be.
see sth. as意思是“把…看作為”，我們以前學(xué)過不少類似的短語，如：regard…as，look upon…as，think of…as，view…as等等。
being physically fit意思是“身體健康”。
an end rather than the means意思是“是一種目的而不是達(dá)到目的的方法”。 rather than意思是“而不是”。
1）He was seen as the most capable person in the company.（人們認(rèn)為他是公司能干的人。）
2）We saw her silence as consent.（我們把她的沉默看作為同意。）
3）To be physically fit is our greatest wish for grandfather.（身體健康是我們對(duì)爺爺?shù)拇笙Ｍ?。?BR> 4）You need to do more exercise if you want to be physically fit.（如果你想身體健康，就需要進(jìn)行更多的鍛煉。）
5）He came all the way to China for promoting friendship rather than for making money.（他千里迢迢來到中國不是為了賺錢，而是為了增進(jìn)友誼。）
5.His opinion is one of the many feelings， pro or con， that people hold about their personal involvement in a physical fitness program.
pro和con在本句中作形容詞用，pro的意思是for（贊成），con的意思是against（反對(duì)）。pro or con在句子中作后置定語，修飾名詞feeling.后置定語在英語中也很常見。如：
1）Countries， big or small， should be equal.（國家無論大小都是平等的。）
2）He studied in a room， clean and tidy.（他在干凈整齊的房間里學(xué)習(xí)。）
（在上述例句中，兩個(gè)成對(duì)的或反對(duì)的形容詞，用and或or連接，共同修飾一個(gè)名詞。這是形容詞作后置定語的一種用法。）
1）The active involvement of thousands of people in the election campaign surprised him.（成千上萬的人積極參與競選活動(dòng)令他驚奇。）
2）He avoids involvement in politics.（他避免卷入政治。）
6.Certainly some of there individuals may have physical limitations that make activity extremely difficult， and others are engaged in time-consuming activities that until finished do not permit opportunities for recreation.
that make activity extremely difficult是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾physical limitations.
Be engaged in sth. 意思是be involved in sth.（使從事，使忙于），如：
1）They were engaged in the study of soil conservation.（他們在從事土壤保持的研究。）
2）It is inappropriate for him to engage in this activity.（他從事這一活動(dòng)是不合適的。）
7.…I'll have no difficulty staying that way.
have （no） difficulty doing sth.（做某事有/無困難），也可以用have （no） trouble doing sth.。如：
1）He has no difficulty understanding the Chinese film.（看懂那部中國電影他沒有困難。）
2）I had a lot of trouble getting back to sleep after I answered the phone call.（接過電話后，我無法再入睡。）
8.…you may have made a commitment to a physical fitness program that might be rather narrow in scope.
make （a） commitment to 意思是make a firm promise（作出），或者involvement（投入）。
Narrow in scope意思是范圍很窄，很狹隘。我們接觸過在形容詞后面加介詞in再加名詞的機(jī)構(gòu)，如similar in appearance（外表相像）。
9.What could I achieve if I were really in top physical condition？
本句中用了虛擬語氣，從句中用過去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were），主句中用could或should / would / might加動(dòng)詞原形，表示的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，如：
1）If he were on time， we wouldn't have to wait for him.（如果他能準(zhǔn)時(shí)，我們就不用等他了。）
2）If they had time now， they would come to see us.（如果他們現(xiàn)在有時(shí)間，他們就來看我們了。）
in top physical condition 意思是“身體很健康”。如：
The old man is in top （very good， excellent…） physical condition though he is already 76.（老人雖已七十六歲，但身體非常健康。）
10.In the final analysis， we think that although fitness will not guarantee that you will live longer， it can help you enjoy the years you do live.
in the final analysis意思是ultimately（歸根結(jié)底），如：
They realized in the final / last analysis that their job was to tell public the facts.（他們認(rèn)識(shí)到他們的工作歸根結(jié)底是把事實(shí)公諸于眾。）
guarantee的意思是保證，擔(dān)保，后面可跟名詞；to do或that從句。如：
1）Wealth doesn't guarantee happiness.（財(cái)富不能保證快樂。）
2）They guaranteed to finish the work in two hours.（他們保證在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。）
3）I guarantee that they will win the game.（我保證他們會(huì)贏這場比賽）。
do在句中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
本課主要短語（phrases and expressions）
1.set aside
2.a misuse of
3.no better than
4.prepare for / make preparations for
5.be physically fit
6.be seen as
7.rather than
8.pro or con
9.involvement in / be/become/get involved in
10.in pursuit of
11. be engaged in
12. have （no）difficulty doing sth.
13.get support from
14.make commitment to
15.narrow in scope
16.approach to
17.in top physical condition
18.be capable of
19.keep in mind
20.in the final analysis
Text B people and colors
短語表達(dá)
1. in general
In general， girls do better on test about vocabulary than boys.
In general， there are two different ideas about where to go.
2. remind sb. of sth.
The way he walks reminds me of his father.
The picture reminds me of the days I spent in the countryside.
3.associate with
People usually associate the underground with something evil.
They like to associate with people from all walks of life.
4.react to
I cannot imagine how the audience will react to his speech.
Young children react to the color of an object before they react to its shape.