高二英語必修5Unit3的語法練習(xí)題目及答案
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1.(2009年高考福建卷)________ not to miss the flight at 15∶20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A.Reminding
B.Reminded
C.To remind
D.Having reminded
解析：選B。句意：有人提醒經(jīng)理不要錯(cuò)過15∶20的航班，他匆忙出發(fā)去了機(jī)場。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。主句主語the manager與remind之間的關(guān)系為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)，因?yàn)檫@三項(xiàng)表主動(dòng)，而只有B項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)。
2.(2010年高考湖南卷)Dina，________ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling B.struggled
C.having struggled D.to struggle
解析：選C。此處分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語，其邏輯主語Dina與struggle為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除B項(xiàng)。由句中的finally可知非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語took a position之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成主動(dòng)式。
3.(2009年高考江西卷)________ the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
A.Giving B.Having given
C.To give D.Given
解析：選D。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。如果把句子補(bǔ)充完整應(yīng)該是：If they are given the right kind of training，可知主語they即these teenage soccer players與give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。而A、B、C三項(xiàng)都不表示被動(dòng)含義。
4.(2009年高考四川卷)________ many times，he finally understood it.
A.Told B.Telling
C.Having told D.Having been told
解析：選D?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。tell與主語之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除表示主動(dòng)意義的B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。由狀語many times可知tell這一動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞understand之前發(fā)生過多次，所以用having been done來表示被動(dòng)和完成。
5.(2009年高考天津卷)________ by the advances in technology，many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging
C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged
解析：選C?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。由于主語many farmers和作狀語的encourage之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表示主動(dòng)意義的B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)。而being encouraged除表示被動(dòng)外，還表示進(jìn)行。農(nóng)民們顯然不是正在受到科技進(jìn)步的鼓舞，故排除A項(xiàng)。
6.(2011年汕頭高二檢測)________ in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A.Being founded B.It was founded
C.Founded D.Founding
解析：選C。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知應(yīng)選考查非謂語動(dòng)詞形式作狀語的，排除B項(xiàng)，另外found與Harvard之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作狀語，故選C。
7.(2011年晉中高二檢測)________ as the “First Lady of Speech”，Dr Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
A.Knowing B.Having known
C.Known D.To be known
解析：選C。 be known as被稱為……。Dr Lillian Glass與know之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作狀語。A、B表主動(dòng)，應(yīng)排除;D項(xiàng)表將來，也可排除。
8.________ more attention，the trees could have grown better.
A.Given B.To give
C.Giving D.Having given
解析：選A?？疾榉衷~作狀語。句子主語the trees與give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)表示被動(dòng)意義，故答案選A。Given more attention相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句If the trees were given more attention。
9.________ in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Losing B.Having lost
C.Lost D.To lose
解析：選C?？疾榉衷~作狀語。句意：由于陷入沉思，他差一點(diǎn)撞到前面的車上。be lost in thought為固定搭配，意為“陷入沉思”。過去分詞短語lost in thought在句中作原因狀語。
10.The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A.begins B.having begun
C.beginning D.begunw
解析：選D?？疾榉衷~作狀語。句意：這項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究事先計(jì)劃的如此完好，以至于一旦開始，什么也無法改變它。begin與research之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表示主動(dòng)意義的A、B、C三項(xiàng)。once begun在句中作條件狀語，它是狀語從句once it is begun的省略形式。
11.Generally speaking，________ according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.
A.when taking B.when taken
C.when to take D.when to be taken
解析：選B。考查分詞作狀語。完整的說法應(yīng)是when the drug is taken according to the directions...。由于主句的主語和從句的主語相同，因此可以省略從句的主語the drug和謂語的一部分is，故答案為B。
12.________ into use in April,2000，the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A.Put B.Putting
C.Having put D.Being put
解析：選A?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句子的主語是the hotline與put into use“投入使用”存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表示主動(dòng)的B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)表示正在投入使用，不符合語境。
13.In order not to be found，I spent the whole night ________ in my room.
A.locking B.locked
C.to lock D.lock
解析：選B?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句意：為了不被找到，我整晚上都把自己鎖在自己的房間里。lock的邏輯主語I和lock之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語。本題易受“spend... doing sth.句型的影響，易誤選A。其實(shí)我并不是把整晚上的時(shí)間都用在了“鎖”這一動(dòng)作上，故排除A。
14.________，liquids can be changed into gases.
A.Heating B.To be heated
C.Heated D.Heat
解析：選C?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句意：被加熱時(shí)，液體可以變成氣體。由于對(duì)于液體來說是加熱的承受者，是被動(dòng)的，因而選C。A項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)，B項(xiàng)表示目的，D項(xiàng)是謂語動(dòng)詞的形式。
15.Unless ________ to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.
A.invited B.inviting
C.being invited D.having invited
解析：選A?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句意：除非受到邀請(qǐng)講話，否則在大會(huì)上你應(yīng)該保持沉默。invite與you之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除B、D。being invited表示正在受到邀請(qǐng)，不符合語境。
Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(把下列句子轉(zhuǎn)變成過去分詞作狀語的結(jié)構(gòu))
1.If I am offered great help，I can get rid of all the difficulties.
________ ________ ________，I can get rid of all the difficulties.
答案：Offered great help
2.Because she was frightened，she asked me to go with her.
________，she asked me to go with her.
答案：Frightened
3.If he is given time，he’ll make a first?class tennis player.________________，he’ll make a first?class tennis player.
答案：Given time
4.He stood there silently，and he was moved to tears.
He stood there silently，________________________.
答案：moved to tears
5.When they were first introduced to the market，these products enjoyed great success.
When first ________________________________，these products enjoyed great success.
答案：introduced to the market
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1.(2009年高考福建卷)________ not to miss the flight at 15∶20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A.Reminding
B.Reminded
C.To remind
D.Having reminded
解析：選B。句意：有人提醒經(jīng)理不要錯(cuò)過15∶20的航班，他匆忙出發(fā)去了機(jī)場。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。主句主語the manager與remind之間的關(guān)系為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)，因?yàn)檫@三項(xiàng)表主動(dòng)，而只有B項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)。
2.(2010年高考湖南卷)Dina，________ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling B.struggled
C.having struggled D.to struggle
解析：選C。此處分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語，其邏輯主語Dina與struggle為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除B項(xiàng)。由句中的finally可知非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語took a position之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成主動(dòng)式。
3.(2009年高考江西卷)________ the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
A.Giving B.Having given
C.To give D.Given
解析：選D。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。如果把句子補(bǔ)充完整應(yīng)該是：If they are given the right kind of training，可知主語they即these teenage soccer players與give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。而A、B、C三項(xiàng)都不表示被動(dòng)含義。
4.(2009年高考四川卷)________ many times，he finally understood it.
A.Told B.Telling
C.Having told D.Having been told
解析：選D?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。tell與主語之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除表示主動(dòng)意義的B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。由狀語many times可知tell這一動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞understand之前發(fā)生過多次，所以用having been done來表示被動(dòng)和完成。
5.(2009年高考天津卷)________ by the advances in technology，many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging
C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged
解析：選C?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。由于主語many farmers和作狀語的encourage之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表示主動(dòng)意義的B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)。而being encouraged除表示被動(dòng)外，還表示進(jìn)行。農(nóng)民們顯然不是正在受到科技進(jìn)步的鼓舞，故排除A項(xiàng)。
6.(2011年汕頭高二檢測)________ in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A.Being founded B.It was founded
C.Founded D.Founding
解析：選C。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知應(yīng)選考查非謂語動(dòng)詞形式作狀語的，排除B項(xiàng)，另外found與Harvard之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作狀語，故選C。
7.(2011年晉中高二檢測)________ as the “First Lady of Speech”，Dr Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
A.Knowing B.Having known
C.Known D.To be known
解析：選C。 be known as被稱為……。Dr Lillian Glass與know之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作狀語。A、B表主動(dòng)，應(yīng)排除;D項(xiàng)表將來，也可排除。
8.________ more attention，the trees could have grown better.
A.Given B.To give
C.Giving D.Having given
解析：選A?？疾榉衷~作狀語。句子主語the trees與give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)表示被動(dòng)意義，故答案選A。Given more attention相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句If the trees were given more attention。
9.________ in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Losing B.Having lost
C.Lost D.To lose
解析：選C?？疾榉衷~作狀語。句意：由于陷入沉思，他差一點(diǎn)撞到前面的車上。be lost in thought為固定搭配，意為“陷入沉思”。過去分詞短語lost in thought在句中作原因狀語。
10.The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A.begins B.having begun
C.beginning D.begunw
解析：選D?？疾榉衷~作狀語。句意：這項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究事先計(jì)劃的如此完好，以至于一旦開始，什么也無法改變它。begin與research之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表示主動(dòng)意義的A、B、C三項(xiàng)。once begun在句中作條件狀語，它是狀語從句once it is begun的省略形式。
11.Generally speaking，________ according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.
A.when taking B.when taken
C.when to take D.when to be taken
解析：選B。考查分詞作狀語。完整的說法應(yīng)是when the drug is taken according to the directions...。由于主句的主語和從句的主語相同，因此可以省略從句的主語the drug和謂語的一部分is，故答案為B。
12.________ into use in April,2000，the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A.Put B.Putting
C.Having put D.Being put
解析：選A?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句子的主語是the hotline與put into use“投入使用”存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表示主動(dòng)的B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)表示正在投入使用，不符合語境。
13.In order not to be found，I spent the whole night ________ in my room.
A.locking B.locked
C.to lock D.lock
解析：選B?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句意：為了不被找到，我整晚上都把自己鎖在自己的房間里。lock的邏輯主語I和lock之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語。本題易受“spend... doing sth.句型的影響，易誤選A。其實(shí)我并不是把整晚上的時(shí)間都用在了“鎖”這一動(dòng)作上，故排除A。
14.________，liquids can be changed into gases.
A.Heating B.To be heated
C.Heated D.Heat
解析：選C?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句意：被加熱時(shí)，液體可以變成氣體。由于對(duì)于液體來說是加熱的承受者，是被動(dòng)的，因而選C。A項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)，B項(xiàng)表示目的，D項(xiàng)是謂語動(dòng)詞的形式。
15.Unless ________ to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.
A.invited B.inviting
C.being invited D.having invited
解析：選A?？疾檫^去分詞作狀語。句意：除非受到邀請(qǐng)講話，否則在大會(huì)上你應(yīng)該保持沉默。invite與you之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除B、D。being invited表示正在受到邀請(qǐng)，不符合語境。
Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(把下列句子轉(zhuǎn)變成過去分詞作狀語的結(jié)構(gòu))
1.If I am offered great help，I can get rid of all the difficulties.
________ ________ ________，I can get rid of all the difficulties.
答案：Offered great help
2.Because she was frightened，she asked me to go with her.
________，she asked me to go with her.
答案：Frightened
3.If he is given time，he’ll make a first?class tennis player.________________，he’ll make a first?class tennis player.
答案：Given time
4.He stood there silently，and he was moved to tears.
He stood there silently，________________________.
答案：moved to tears
5.When they were first introduced to the market，these products enjoyed great success.
When first ________________________________，these products enjoyed great success.
答案：introduced to the market