6.作補足語
有賓語補足語和主語補足語兩種。
1)作賓語補足語 www.ＥxamdＡ.CＯM
有一些及物動詞除跟賓語外，還需要有一個成分作邏輯上的補充說明，使得賓語的狀態(tài)或行為或特征等的意思完整。這個成分稱為補足語。由于說明賓語，因此稱賓語補足語。不定式可作賓語補足語。如：
Many parents allow their children to make their own decisions.
許多家長允許他們的孩子自己拿主意。
(allow – permit 允許)
The trainer made the elephant dance before audience.
訓(xùn)獸中使大象在觀眾前跳舞。
注：
① 通常要求帶to不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：advise, allow, ask, cause, consider, expect, find, imagine, know, tell, think, want, wish等www.ＥxamdＡ.CＯM
(advise – persuade 勸說 )
(think – suppose 想 )
② 要求不帶“to”的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞(一般為表示“感覺”或“使役”的動詞)有：feel, have, hear, let, make, notice, see, watch, listen to, look at
③ help后面的作賓語補足語的不定式帶“to”或不帶“to”都可以。
help Mary wash her clothes
help Mary to wash her clothes
2)作主語補足語
帶有賓語補足語的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，賓語成了主語，賓語補足語也就相應(yīng)地成為主語補足語。當(dāng)動詞不定式用作主語補足語時，一律要用帶“to”的形式。如：
Their children are allowed to make their own decisions. 來源:考試大
允許他們的孩子自己拿主意。
The elephant was made to dance before audience. http://ks.examda.com
使大象在觀眾前跳舞。
不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在英語文章中使用頻率較高, 如下面的這段文字中(4個句子), 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)了5次, 請大家確認這些不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中的語法功能.
(1)So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. (2) They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil. (3) Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and also known to cause poisoning中毒. (4) There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils.
提示: 相鄰語句往往圍繞同一中心發(fā)展, 在詞語上常常表現(xiàn)為: 相鄰語句中出現(xiàn)呼應(yīng)的詞語.
分析：第1，2，4句中不定式是作定語;第3句的不定式是作主補;
(hazard –danger 危險) 來源：www.examda.com
(hazardous – dangerous危險的)
(contaminate -- pollute污染)
Ⅲ不定式的邏輯主語
如要表明不定式或不定式的動作發(fā)出者(即邏輯主語，就要在不定式前用for+名詞(或代詞的賓格)。如：
Is the road wide enough for two cars to pass? 考試大
這條道路是否寬得足以使兩輛車通過?
(wide – broad 寬闊的，遼闊的)
The conference is too important for you to miss.來源:考試大
這會議太重要了，你不能錯過。
(conference – meeting 討論會，協(xié)商會;會議)
(important –essential 重要的)
有賓語補足語和主語補足語兩種。
1)作賓語補足語 www.ＥxamdＡ.CＯM
有一些及物動詞除跟賓語外，還需要有一個成分作邏輯上的補充說明，使得賓語的狀態(tài)或行為或特征等的意思完整。這個成分稱為補足語。由于說明賓語，因此稱賓語補足語。不定式可作賓語補足語。如：
Many parents allow their children to make their own decisions.
許多家長允許他們的孩子自己拿主意。
(allow – permit 允許)
The trainer made the elephant dance before audience.
訓(xùn)獸中使大象在觀眾前跳舞。
注：
① 通常要求帶to不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：advise, allow, ask, cause, consider, expect, find, imagine, know, tell, think, want, wish等www.ＥxamdＡ.CＯM
(advise – persuade 勸說 )
(think – suppose 想 )
② 要求不帶“to”的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞(一般為表示“感覺”或“使役”的動詞)有：feel, have, hear, let, make, notice, see, watch, listen to, look at
③ help后面的作賓語補足語的不定式帶“to”或不帶“to”都可以。
help Mary wash her clothes
help Mary to wash her clothes
2)作主語補足語
帶有賓語補足語的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，賓語成了主語，賓語補足語也就相應(yīng)地成為主語補足語。當(dāng)動詞不定式用作主語補足語時，一律要用帶“to”的形式。如：
Their children are allowed to make their own decisions. 來源:考試大
允許他們的孩子自己拿主意。
The elephant was made to dance before audience. http://ks.examda.com
使大象在觀眾前跳舞。
不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在英語文章中使用頻率較高, 如下面的這段文字中(4個句子), 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)了5次, 請大家確認這些不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中的語法功能.
(1)So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. (2) They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil. (3) Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and also known to cause poisoning中毒. (4) There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils.
提示: 相鄰語句往往圍繞同一中心發(fā)展, 在詞語上常常表現(xiàn)為: 相鄰語句中出現(xiàn)呼應(yīng)的詞語.
分析：第1，2，4句中不定式是作定語;第3句的不定式是作主補;
(hazard –danger 危險) 來源：www.examda.com
(hazardous – dangerous危險的)
(contaminate -- pollute污染)
Ⅲ不定式的邏輯主語
如要表明不定式或不定式的動作發(fā)出者(即邏輯主語，就要在不定式前用for+名詞(或代詞的賓格)。如：
Is the road wide enough for two cars to pass? 考試大
這條道路是否寬得足以使兩輛車通過?
(wide – broad 寬闊的，遼闊的)
The conference is too important for you to miss.來源:考試大
這會議太重要了，你不能錯過。
(conference – meeting 討論會，協(xié)商會;會議)
(important –essential 重要的)