2007年高考英語考試大綱的說明》明確指出考生應在45分鐘左右的時間里完成5篇體裁、題材不同的閱讀材料。平時教師在指導學生做閱讀理解時總是強調(diào)讓學生“回歸原文”找答案，不要自己主觀判斷。在學生平時練習的錯誤中，我們看到學生并非全篇都讀不懂，在很多情況下，學生也知道問題問的是什么，也判斷對了答案的范圍在哪幾行，甚至哪一句，但就是看不明白相關的那句話，最終，關鍵句子的理解錯誤導致做題失誤，究其原因，主要是在知識上存在兩種障礙。
-不會分析長句結(jié)構(gòu)，看不懂句意
近幾年的閱讀理解篇章中出現(xiàn)了很多長句，包括各種復合句、省略句、插入語等等，如果學生僅僅按單詞的順序讀，那么在駕馭長句、難句的理解上一定會有困難。建議大家采取“去除修飾成分，留下句子主干”的辦法。如：
1.(2005遼寧，C篇)Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year)，with our Director's Selection--plus many lower-priced cassettes，down to $14.95. And you may receive Special Selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).
每四周免費的影像雜志派送一次(每年有13次之多)，附帶《編者精選》，連同許多14.95美元的低價卡帶。而且您還可以收到每年四次寄送的《特別精選》。(每年有多達17次的購買機會)。這句話雖然長，但是主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：Free Video Magazine sent with sth，plus sth，其他多是狀語成分。
2.(2001北京春，B篇)Scientists have also found marks on hominids'teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters.科學家也發(fā)現(xiàn)了Hominids原始人類牙齒上的斑痕和現(xiàn)代吃水果人的(斑痕)相似。
3.(2006全國I，C篇)To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past.使用一成不變的學習方法可能會弄巧成拙，減少學生的動力，尤其是這些方法過去失敗過。此句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是To do sth is self-defeating.后面的because引導的從句和especially短語都是狀語。
4.(2006北京，D篇)While parents，particularly mothers，have always been attached to their infants(嬰兒)，societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持).雖然父母，尤其是母親總是對嬰兒懷有依戀，然而社會現(xiàn)實條件卻使這種依戀越來越難以保持。主句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)：conditions made this attachment difficult to maintain。從句中的while引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。
5.(2006天津，E篇)But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time，and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations，is what is meant by an attitude.
態(tài)度的意義就在于：這種內(nèi)在的狀態(tài)在一段時間內(nèi)保持不變，而且能夠使個人在各種情景中都行為正常。這個長句含定語從句，去除定語從句剩下的就是主要結(jié)構(gòu)了，即The internal state is what is meant by an attitude.
-不會分析長句結(jié)構(gòu)，看不懂句意
近幾年的閱讀理解篇章中出現(xiàn)了很多長句，包括各種復合句、省略句、插入語等等，如果學生僅僅按單詞的順序讀，那么在駕馭長句、難句的理解上一定會有困難。建議大家采取“去除修飾成分，留下句子主干”的辦法。如：
1.(2005遼寧，C篇)Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year)，with our Director's Selection--plus many lower-priced cassettes，down to $14.95. And you may receive Special Selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).
每四周免費的影像雜志派送一次(每年有13次之多)，附帶《編者精選》，連同許多14.95美元的低價卡帶。而且您還可以收到每年四次寄送的《特別精選》。(每年有多達17次的購買機會)。這句話雖然長，但是主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：Free Video Magazine sent with sth，plus sth，其他多是狀語成分。
2.(2001北京春，B篇)Scientists have also found marks on hominids'teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters.科學家也發(fā)現(xiàn)了Hominids原始人類牙齒上的斑痕和現(xiàn)代吃水果人的(斑痕)相似。
3.(2006全國I，C篇)To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past.使用一成不變的學習方法可能會弄巧成拙，減少學生的動力，尤其是這些方法過去失敗過。此句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是To do sth is self-defeating.后面的because引導的從句和especially短語都是狀語。
4.(2006北京，D篇)While parents，particularly mothers，have always been attached to their infants(嬰兒)，societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持).雖然父母，尤其是母親總是對嬰兒懷有依戀，然而社會現(xiàn)實條件卻使這種依戀越來越難以保持。主句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)：conditions made this attachment difficult to maintain。從句中的while引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。
5.(2006天津，E篇)But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time，and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations，is what is meant by an attitude.
態(tài)度的意義就在于：這種內(nèi)在的狀態(tài)在一段時間內(nèi)保持不變，而且能夠使個人在各種情景中都行為正常。這個長句含定語從句，去除定語從句剩下的就是主要結(jié)構(gòu)了，即The internal state is what is meant by an attitude.