Lesson 32 Shopping made easy
【New words and expressions】（6）
once adv. 曾經(jīng)，以前
temptation n. 誘惑
article n. 物品，東西
wrap v. 包裹
simply adv. 僅僅
arrest v. 逮捕
★once adj. 曾經(jīng), 以前
① once = long long ago 很久以前
② once
I visited my mother once a month. ()
③ once 連接從句，表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company, you must return the house.
★temptation n 誘惑
temptation to do sth. ……的誘惑
temptation to steal 偷竊的誘惑
resist the temptation to do sth. 抵抗不了……的誘惑
(resist [ri5zist] vt. 抵抗, 反抗, 抗, 忍得住)
I can't resist the temptation to laugh.
★article n. 物品, 東西
① n. 文章
This is a good article.
② n. 物品, 東西（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是商店里的一個一個的東西, 是可數(shù)名詞, 單獨(dú)的東西, 獨(dú)立的個體）
thing n. 指任何的東西（和article不可相互取代）
cargo [5kB:^Eu] n. 船貨, (車、船、飛機(jī)等運(yùn)輸?shù)?貨物
goods n. 貨物, 商店里的貨物的總稱
★wrap v. 包裹
wrap sth. up 把……打包
Please wrap them (up) for me. 請?zhí)嫖野阉麄儼?BR> pack v. 打包（指為了攜帶, 運(yùn)輸?shù)姆奖愣虬?BR> I will take/get/have it. Please wrap them for me. / Please pack them for me.
★simply adv. 僅僅
simply = only = just
★arrest v. 逮捕
① vt. 逮捕，扣留
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.
The criminal was arrested.
（criminal [5kriminl] n. 罪犯, 犯罪者；adj. 犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪惡的）
② n. 逮捕，扣留
sb. be under arrest 某人被逮捕
Tony is under arrest now.
control/under control 控制/被控制
③ vt. 吸引（注意等）
arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意
The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists. 樹林的美麗景色吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her words. 她的話吸引了他。
【Text】
People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before--especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week !
參考譯文
人們不再像以前那樣誠實(shí)了. 偷竊的誘惑力比以往任何時候都更強(qiáng)烈——特別是在大的商店里. 一名偵探近注意上了一位穿著講究的婦女, 她總是在星期一上午進(jìn)入一家大商場. 有一個星期一, 當(dāng)這位婦女走進(jìn)這家商場時, 里面的人比往常少, 因此, 偵探比較容易監(jiān)視她. 這位婦女先是買了幾樣小商品. 過了一會幾, 她又選了商場里昂貴的一件衣服, 把它遞給了售貨員. 那售貨員以快的速度為她包好了衣服. 然后, 那婦女拿過包就走出了商場, 根本沒有付錢. 她被逮捕后, 偵探發(fā)現(xiàn)原來那售貨員是她的女兒. 那姑娘每星期 “送” 她母親一件免費(fèi)的衣服!
【課文講解】
1、shopping made easy
made 為過去分詞, 有 “被” 的意思（標(biāo)題不用句子, 所以標(biāo)題省略be）
make v. 制造；使……怎么樣
make the room clean
make shopping easy =Shopping be made easy.(句子)
2、People are not so honest as they once were.
as…as… 和……一樣（as+ adj./adv. +as +比較對象）
This case is as light as that one.
It is as heavy as that one. 這個東西和那個東西一樣重
as…as…的否定形式是not so…as…/not as…as…
It is not as heavy as that one. 這個東西不如那個東西重
I am taller than you/you are not as tall as I.
less +原級 +than＝not as…as…=not so…as… 不如……那樣……（比較狀語從句）
I am not so lucky as those fisherman.
once表示“以前，曾經(jīng)”時只能與動詞的過去式連用：
He once worked at a large company.
3、The temptation to steal is greater than ever before--especially in large shops.
the temptation to steal 偷竊的誘惑力
The temptation to smoke is strong for him. （to smoke為不定式）
要表現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在與過去的比較, 有兩種方式 :
① they are 與 they were 或 it is /it was等在用不同時態(tài)比
they are 與 they were 在用不同時態(tài)比
You are more beautiful than you were. 你比過去漂亮多了
You look better than you were. (省略句 : You look better.)
Is this your car? It was my car. 以前是我的車子。
You were worse. （表示You are better.你過去更差勁, 表示現(xiàn)在比以前更好了）
I think 我想……
I thought 我原以為……
② 用短語than ever before
People are not so honest as before. = People are not so honest as they once were.
4、A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings.
watch v. 觀察, 監(jiān)視; 當(dāng)心(口語中)
watch the enemy
watch sth. 當(dāng)心
Watch your head! (威脅)
“well+動詞的過去分詞”組成復(fù)合形容詞，做定語
well-designed 設(shè)計(jì)得不錯
well-educated 有教養(yǎng)的
5、One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her.
as usual 象平常 ；than usual 比平常
so it was easier for the detective to watch her. (句中用“easier”有潛在的比較含義，it 是形式主語，for sb.中的sb.是邏輯主語
It be動詞+形容詞+for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做什么事……
The teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful.
(更漂亮, 不用 “more” 時會讓人產(chǎn)生誤會，用more是表示對別人的尊重)
out of politeness 出于禮貌 (politeness n. 有禮, 優(yōu)雅)
6、After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible.
after a little time 過了一會兒
hand…to… 遞給(比較有權(quán)威的人)
handed it to an assistant [hand it tu: En E`sIstEnt] (前一個以 “o” 結(jié)尾, 后一個以 “元音” 開頭的, 讀時需再在它們之間加一個[w]音, 又如：my heart go on. [^EuwRn])
pass sth. to sb. 一個一個的傳遞(更常用)
hand in 上交
wrap sth. up for sb. 為某人打包……
as … as possible 盡可能……
I have sent you as many books as possible.
He went home as soon as possible.
7、When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter.
find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)……（后跟的賓語一般是抽象的）
find out the truth 發(fā)現(xiàn)真相
find sth. 找到……(sth. 是看得見, 模得著的, 具體的)
I find the pen. (pen是具體的)
8、The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week !
free adj. 免費(fèi)的
Children under five years old travel free. 5歲以下兒童免費(fèi)旅行。
fee adj. 交費(fèi)
fee parking 收費(fèi)的停車場
“once a +表示時間的名詞”可以表示頻率：
He comes to the office once a day.
【Key structures】
比較狀語從句
比較狀語從句含有或暗含有“與……相比”的意思。除了than…或more…than…這種結(jié)構(gòu)外，它還包括as+形容詞/副詞+as…，not so/as…as…，less…than…等結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)句子里兩個動詞相同、時態(tài)也一樣時，則第二個動詞可以省略，比較從句就成了含蓄的從句。如果對比的東西很明顯，那么為了避免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分、甚至整個從句都省略，因此這類句子往往不完整。
People aren’t so kind as they used to be.
No, they’re becoming less kind. 是的，他們變得不那么友善了。
He is as quick in answering as his sister (is).
He answers as quickly as his sister (does).
He is not so/as quick as his sister.
little和few的用法
little和a little與不可數(shù)名詞一起使用。little表示否定，有“幾乎一點(diǎn)兒也沒有”的含義，在口語中常用not much；a little表示肯定，具有some的含義。
He has (very) little hope of winning this race.
=He hasn’t much hope of winning this race.
Have we got any bread?
Yes, there’s a little/some in the fridge.
few和a few與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。few表示否定，與little相似，在口語中多用not many；a few表示肯定，有some的含義。
They had few guests last weekend.
They didn’t have many guests last weekend.
little的比較級為less，few的比較級為fewer。
During the holiday, there is less noise in the building.
There are fewer travelers than there usually are.
【Special Difficulties】
A and One
不定冠詞a通常用于表示不確定的人或事物以及第提到的人或事物，a強(qiáng)調(diào)的是后面的名詞； one強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 “一個” 的意思：
It was one apple I ate, not two.
There is a book and a pen on the desk.
不表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，a和one有時可以互換：
She will come home in a/one week’s time.
敘述故事時常將one+表示時間的名詞用于句首，而不用a：
One Monday, he went to the office as usual.
【Multiple choice questions】
4 There were fewer people in the shop than usual. There were ___b___.
a. as many as usual b. not as many as usual
c. as few as usual d. more than usual
7 It was one of the most expensive dresses ___a___ the shop.
a. in b. of c. from d. to
most expensive 高級
① +地點(diǎn) 用in
② +范圍表示所有的人或(書)當(dāng)中, 用of
③ I have ever seen/done/heard. (定語從句) 我所看過的, 做過的, 聽過的
8 A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman. He ___d___ her.
a. looked b. looked for c. looked after d. looked at
watch = look at
9 The woman first bought a few small articles. She bought some small ___a___.
a. things b. pieces c. bits d. parts
10 The assistant wrapped it. She ___d___ it.
a. papered b. turned c. enveloped d. made a parcel of
made a parcel of 制作一個包裹
12 The dress was free. It ___c___.
a. was priceless b. was worthless c. cost nothing d. was grateful
priceless [5praislis] adj.無價的, 極貴重的
worthless adj. 不值錢的（Something cost money.）
free adj. 免費(fèi)的 （I pay nothing.）
grateful [5^reitful] adj.感激的, 感謝的
【New words and expressions】（6）
once adv. 曾經(jīng)，以前
temptation n. 誘惑
article n. 物品，東西
wrap v. 包裹
simply adv. 僅僅
arrest v. 逮捕
★once adj. 曾經(jīng), 以前
① once = long long ago 很久以前
② once
I visited my mother once a month. ()
③ once 連接從句，表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company, you must return the house.
★temptation n 誘惑
temptation to do sth. ……的誘惑
temptation to steal 偷竊的誘惑
resist the temptation to do sth. 抵抗不了……的誘惑
(resist [ri5zist] vt. 抵抗, 反抗, 抗, 忍得住)
I can't resist the temptation to laugh.
★article n. 物品, 東西
① n. 文章
This is a good article.
② n. 物品, 東西（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是商店里的一個一個的東西, 是可數(shù)名詞, 單獨(dú)的東西, 獨(dú)立的個體）
thing n. 指任何的東西（和article不可相互取代）
cargo [5kB:^Eu] n. 船貨, (車、船、飛機(jī)等運(yùn)輸?shù)?貨物
goods n. 貨物, 商店里的貨物的總稱
★wrap v. 包裹
wrap sth. up 把……打包
Please wrap them (up) for me. 請?zhí)嫖野阉麄儼?BR> pack v. 打包（指為了攜帶, 運(yùn)輸?shù)姆奖愣虬?BR> I will take/get/have it. Please wrap them for me. / Please pack them for me.
★simply adv. 僅僅
simply = only = just
★arrest v. 逮捕
① vt. 逮捕，扣留
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.
The criminal was arrested.
（criminal [5kriminl] n. 罪犯, 犯罪者；adj. 犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪惡的）
② n. 逮捕，扣留
sb. be under arrest 某人被逮捕
Tony is under arrest now.
control/under control 控制/被控制
③ vt. 吸引（注意等）
arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意
The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists. 樹林的美麗景色吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her words. 她的話吸引了他。
【Text】
People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before--especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week !
參考譯文
人們不再像以前那樣誠實(shí)了. 偷竊的誘惑力比以往任何時候都更強(qiáng)烈——特別是在大的商店里. 一名偵探近注意上了一位穿著講究的婦女, 她總是在星期一上午進(jìn)入一家大商場. 有一個星期一, 當(dāng)這位婦女走進(jìn)這家商場時, 里面的人比往常少, 因此, 偵探比較容易監(jiān)視她. 這位婦女先是買了幾樣小商品. 過了一會幾, 她又選了商場里昂貴的一件衣服, 把它遞給了售貨員. 那售貨員以快的速度為她包好了衣服. 然后, 那婦女拿過包就走出了商場, 根本沒有付錢. 她被逮捕后, 偵探發(fā)現(xiàn)原來那售貨員是她的女兒. 那姑娘每星期 “送” 她母親一件免費(fèi)的衣服!
【課文講解】
1、shopping made easy
made 為過去分詞, 有 “被” 的意思（標(biāo)題不用句子, 所以標(biāo)題省略be）
make v. 制造；使……怎么樣
make the room clean
make shopping easy =Shopping be made easy.(句子)
2、People are not so honest as they once were.
as…as… 和……一樣（as+ adj./adv. +as +比較對象）
This case is as light as that one.
It is as heavy as that one. 這個東西和那個東西一樣重
as…as…的否定形式是not so…as…/not as…as…
It is not as heavy as that one. 這個東西不如那個東西重
I am taller than you/you are not as tall as I.
less +原級 +than＝not as…as…=not so…as… 不如……那樣……（比較狀語從句）
I am not so lucky as those fisherman.
once表示“以前，曾經(jīng)”時只能與動詞的過去式連用：
He once worked at a large company.
3、The temptation to steal is greater than ever before--especially in large shops.
the temptation to steal 偷竊的誘惑力
The temptation to smoke is strong for him. （to smoke為不定式）
要表現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在與過去的比較, 有兩種方式 :
① they are 與 they were 或 it is /it was等在用不同時態(tài)比
they are 與 they were 在用不同時態(tài)比
You are more beautiful than you were. 你比過去漂亮多了
You look better than you were. (省略句 : You look better.)
Is this your car? It was my car. 以前是我的車子。
You were worse. （表示You are better.你過去更差勁, 表示現(xiàn)在比以前更好了）
I think 我想……
I thought 我原以為……
② 用短語than ever before
People are not so honest as before. = People are not so honest as they once were.
4、A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings.
watch v. 觀察, 監(jiān)視; 當(dāng)心(口語中)
watch the enemy
watch sth. 當(dāng)心
Watch your head! (威脅)
“well+動詞的過去分詞”組成復(fù)合形容詞，做定語
well-designed 設(shè)計(jì)得不錯
well-educated 有教養(yǎng)的
5、One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her.
as usual 象平常 ；than usual 比平常
so it was easier for the detective to watch her. (句中用“easier”有潛在的比較含義，it 是形式主語，for sb.中的sb.是邏輯主語
It be動詞+形容詞+for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做什么事……
The teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful.
(更漂亮, 不用 “more” 時會讓人產(chǎn)生誤會，用more是表示對別人的尊重)
out of politeness 出于禮貌 (politeness n. 有禮, 優(yōu)雅)
6、After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible.
after a little time 過了一會兒
hand…to… 遞給(比較有權(quán)威的人)
handed it to an assistant [hand it tu: En E`sIstEnt] (前一個以 “o” 結(jié)尾, 后一個以 “元音” 開頭的, 讀時需再在它們之間加一個[w]音, 又如：my heart go on. [^EuwRn])
pass sth. to sb. 一個一個的傳遞(更常用)
hand in 上交
wrap sth. up for sb. 為某人打包……
as … as possible 盡可能……
I have sent you as many books as possible.
He went home as soon as possible.
7、When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter.
find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)……（后跟的賓語一般是抽象的）
find out the truth 發(fā)現(xiàn)真相
find sth. 找到……(sth. 是看得見, 模得著的, 具體的)
I find the pen. (pen是具體的)
8、The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week !
free adj. 免費(fèi)的
Children under five years old travel free. 5歲以下兒童免費(fèi)旅行。
fee adj. 交費(fèi)
fee parking 收費(fèi)的停車場
“once a +表示時間的名詞”可以表示頻率：
He comes to the office once a day.
【Key structures】
比較狀語從句
比較狀語從句含有或暗含有“與……相比”的意思。除了than…或more…than…這種結(jié)構(gòu)外，它還包括as+形容詞/副詞+as…，not so/as…as…，less…than…等結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)句子里兩個動詞相同、時態(tài)也一樣時，則第二個動詞可以省略，比較從句就成了含蓄的從句。如果對比的東西很明顯，那么為了避免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分、甚至整個從句都省略，因此這類句子往往不完整。
People aren’t so kind as they used to be.
No, they’re becoming less kind. 是的，他們變得不那么友善了。
He is as quick in answering as his sister (is).
He answers as quickly as his sister (does).
He is not so/as quick as his sister.
little和few的用法
little和a little與不可數(shù)名詞一起使用。little表示否定，有“幾乎一點(diǎn)兒也沒有”的含義，在口語中常用not much；a little表示肯定，具有some的含義。
He has (very) little hope of winning this race.
=He hasn’t much hope of winning this race.
Have we got any bread?
Yes, there’s a little/some in the fridge.
few和a few與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。few表示否定，與little相似，在口語中多用not many；a few表示肯定，有some的含義。
They had few guests last weekend.
They didn’t have many guests last weekend.
little的比較級為less，few的比較級為fewer。
During the holiday, there is less noise in the building.
There are fewer travelers than there usually are.
【Special Difficulties】
A and One
不定冠詞a通常用于表示不確定的人或事物以及第提到的人或事物，a強(qiáng)調(diào)的是后面的名詞； one強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 “一個” 的意思：
It was one apple I ate, not two.
There is a book and a pen on the desk.
不表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，a和one有時可以互換：
She will come home in a/one week’s time.
敘述故事時常將one+表示時間的名詞用于句首，而不用a：
One Monday, he went to the office as usual.
【Multiple choice questions】
4 There were fewer people in the shop than usual. There were ___b___.
a. as many as usual b. not as many as usual
c. as few as usual d. more than usual
7 It was one of the most expensive dresses ___a___ the shop.
a. in b. of c. from d. to
most expensive 高級
① +地點(diǎn) 用in
② +范圍表示所有的人或(書)當(dāng)中, 用of
③ I have ever seen/done/heard. (定語從句) 我所看過的, 做過的, 聽過的
8 A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman. He ___d___ her.
a. looked b. looked for c. looked after d. looked at
watch = look at
9 The woman first bought a few small articles. She bought some small ___a___.
a. things b. pieces c. bits d. parts
10 The assistant wrapped it. She ___d___ it.
a. papered b. turned c. enveloped d. made a parcel of
made a parcel of 制作一個包裹
12 The dress was free. It ___c___.
a. was priceless b. was worthless c. cost nothing d. was grateful
priceless [5praislis] adj.無價的, 極貴重的
worthless adj. 不值錢的（Something cost money.）
free adj. 免費(fèi)的 （I pay nothing.）
grateful [5^reitful] adj.感激的, 感謝的