學(xué)券計劃 孩子與音樂 電子書
報紙的消亡 環(huán)境保護 帶薪請假制度
英語的消亡
Protecting Earth's Last Frontier
In 1962, John Glenn relayed this message to mission control when his pioneering flight on the Friendship 7 spacecraft passed across Western Australia at night: The lights show up very well. Thank everyone for turning them on, will you？
If he looked down from space today he might no longer see just the lights of our cities but the many lights of fishing boats. These lights can be so dense that they visibly can be so dense that they visibly outline the outer part of the South American continental shelf and entire seas in Asia.
These lights are from fishers using light to lure squis. This intense activity symbolizes the broader plight of our oceans. The imposing footprint of humanity has advanced from our shores and into the high seas, the ocean waters beyond national jurisdiction. This footprint damages and depletes almost everything in its path.
With the depletion of the cod fishery and so many other coastal fish stocks worldwide, the fishing industry has turned to the high seas to exploit their resources. Fishing operations are targeting the seamounts, oceanic ridges and pateaus of the deep ocean beyond natioanl jurisdiction, where ownership and responsibility don't lie with any nation.
In the course of a decade or more, we have caused significant damage to largely unknown ecosystems, depleted species and probably doomed many others to extinction. Every day, commercial fishing fleets dispatched primarily from just 11 nations venture onto the high seas to fish the deep ocean with seabed trawls.
They deploy massive gear with names like canyon buster that indicate the sheer scales involved and the damage they inflict. Everything along their path, from ancient corals and sponges to 250-year-old fish, is stripped away and caught in their nets. In a single trawl, lumps of sponges, corals, and other species, together weighing as much as 10,000 pounds, can be removed. What is left is truly a stark, sterile, undersea desert.
The high seas are very special. It is here where you can find dense groupings of animals that derive their energy from sources other than the sun around volcanic vents on the deep sea floor. It is only here where you can find areas still free from introduced species, as in the seas around Antarctica. And it is here where you can find living organisms that are more than 8,000 years old, like many of the massive deep-sea corals.
But what really sets the high seas apart from all other areas we know is the overwhelming lack of protection for any of this natural heritage.
A United Nations meeting this week finally put the high seas on the map and on the agenda. Governmental officials from around the world gathered together with scientists, representatives from the fishing sector, conservation groups and other stakeholders to discuss conversation and sustainable use of amrine biological diversity in the high seas, covering 64 percent of the earth's surface.
They need to move quickly. Given the fragility of these environments, we simply do not have the luxury of time, but we can act before it is too late.
As we continue to build our understanding of the oceans and life within, we must establish marine protected areas that extend beyond just the areas we know today to be valuable or threatened.
We must place biodiversity conservation at the center of ocean governance, build the precautionary approach into the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and ensure that every activity in these areas beyond national jurisdiction——be it fishing, mining, transportation, tourism or research——is conducted in a sustainable manner that is fair to present and future generations.
We must recognize that all of the geographical, geological and biological parts of the oceans are interrelated, interdependent and equal one tremendously significant ecosystem whole.
Right now, we have this opportunity to prevent the extinction of countless species and ecosystems that are only just being discovered, let alone understood. Now is the time to protect our last undiscovered wilderness, the world's final frontier——the high seas.
保護地球的最后邊疆
1962年，當(dāng)約翰格倫首次駕駛“友誼7號”太空船于晚上穿越澳大利亞西部時，他向任務(wù)控制中心傳達了這樣一條信息：“燈光看得很清楚。請感謝每一位打開電燈的人，好嗎？”如果現(xiàn)在他從太空往下看，看到的也許不再只是我們城市的萬家燈火。還會看到漁船的點點燈光。漁船的燈光非常密集，可以清清楚楚地勾勒出南美大陸架的外部輪廓以及整個亞洲海域的輪廓。
這些燈光是漁民用來引誘魷魚的。如此強度的捕魚活動意味著我們的海洋所面臨的困境日益加深。人類強行留下的痕跡已由海岸推進到不屬于任何國家管轄的公海。這些足跡所到之處破壞并耗盡了幾乎一切資源。
隨著全世界鱈魚和其它眾多沿海魚類資源逐漸枯竭，捕魚業(yè)已轉(zhuǎn)向公海開發(fā)魚類資源。捕魚作業(yè)現(xiàn)在瞄準的是不受任何國家管轄的深海的海山，海脊和高原，因為這些地方的所有權(quán)和責(zé)任不屬于任何國家。
在十年多的時間里，我們已對大量未知的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了重大的破壞，使許多物種枯竭，還可能使許多物種遭受滅絕的厄運。每天，主要由11個國家派出的商業(yè)捕魚船進入公海，用海底拖網(wǎng)進行深海捕撈。
他們所調(diào)用的龐大設(shè)備所取的名字都是諸如“峽谷戰(zhàn)神”之類，由此可見其作業(yè)規(guī)模及造成的破壞之大。所經(jīng)之處，從古珊瑚，海綿到250歲的魚，被洗劫一空，盡入其網(wǎng)。一張拖網(wǎng)就能網(wǎng)起成堆的海綿，珊瑚及其它物種，總重量可達１萬磅。拖網(wǎng)過后留下的只是一片荒涼，貧瘠的海底沙漠。
公海是個特別之處。在這兒，你能發(fā)現(xiàn)密集的動物群，它們所攝取的能量不是來自深海底部的火山口周圍的陽光。只有在這兒，你才能發(fā)現(xiàn)還有像南極洲周圍的海域那樣的尚沒有引進物種的海域。也只有在這兒，你才能發(fā)現(xiàn)存活了8000多年的生物，例如許多巨大的深海珊瑚。
但是公海與其它所有我們知道的海域真正不同之處在于，對這一自然遺產(chǎn)的保護非常缺乏。本周的一次聯(lián)合國會議終于突出了公海問題的重要性并將其排上議事日程。全世界的政府官員和科學(xué)家，捕魚業(yè)的代表，自然資源保護組織及其它利益相關(guān)者會聚一堂，討論對覆蓋地球表面64％的公海海洋生物多樣物種進行保護和可持續(xù)性開發(fā)利用的問題。
他們需要趕快行動。鑒于這些生物環(huán)境的脆弱性，我們真的耽擱不起，但我們還能亡羊補牢。
隨著我們對海洋和海洋生物越來越了解，我們必須建立海洋保護區(qū)，起范圍要超出我們今天所知的有價值的或會受到威脅的那些區(qū)域。
我們必須把保護生物多樣性放在海洋管理的中心地位，把建立防范措施寫進《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》，確保在這些不屬于任何國家管轄的區(qū)域內(nèi)的每項活動――無論是捕魚，采礦，運輸，旅游，還是科學(xué)研究――都本著公平對待我們這代人和子孫后代的原則，以可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方式展開。
我們必須意識到，海洋在地理，地質(zhì)和生物方面都是相互關(guān)聯(lián)，相互依存的，共同構(gòu)成了一個極其重要的完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。
現(xiàn)在，我們有這個機會防止剛被發(fā)現(xiàn)，更不用說了解的無數(shù)物種和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。當(dāng)前正是保護我們最后一塊尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的未開發(fā)之地，世界的邊疆――公海――的時候了。
報紙的消亡 環(huán)境保護 帶薪請假制度
英語的消亡
Protecting Earth's Last Frontier
In 1962, John Glenn relayed this message to mission control when his pioneering flight on the Friendship 7 spacecraft passed across Western Australia at night: The lights show up very well. Thank everyone for turning them on, will you？
If he looked down from space today he might no longer see just the lights of our cities but the many lights of fishing boats. These lights can be so dense that they visibly can be so dense that they visibly outline the outer part of the South American continental shelf and entire seas in Asia.
These lights are from fishers using light to lure squis. This intense activity symbolizes the broader plight of our oceans. The imposing footprint of humanity has advanced from our shores and into the high seas, the ocean waters beyond national jurisdiction. This footprint damages and depletes almost everything in its path.
With the depletion of the cod fishery and so many other coastal fish stocks worldwide, the fishing industry has turned to the high seas to exploit their resources. Fishing operations are targeting the seamounts, oceanic ridges and pateaus of the deep ocean beyond natioanl jurisdiction, where ownership and responsibility don't lie with any nation.
In the course of a decade or more, we have caused significant damage to largely unknown ecosystems, depleted species and probably doomed many others to extinction. Every day, commercial fishing fleets dispatched primarily from just 11 nations venture onto the high seas to fish the deep ocean with seabed trawls.
They deploy massive gear with names like canyon buster that indicate the sheer scales involved and the damage they inflict. Everything along their path, from ancient corals and sponges to 250-year-old fish, is stripped away and caught in their nets. In a single trawl, lumps of sponges, corals, and other species, together weighing as much as 10,000 pounds, can be removed. What is left is truly a stark, sterile, undersea desert.
The high seas are very special. It is here where you can find dense groupings of animals that derive their energy from sources other than the sun around volcanic vents on the deep sea floor. It is only here where you can find areas still free from introduced species, as in the seas around Antarctica. And it is here where you can find living organisms that are more than 8,000 years old, like many of the massive deep-sea corals.
But what really sets the high seas apart from all other areas we know is the overwhelming lack of protection for any of this natural heritage.
A United Nations meeting this week finally put the high seas on the map and on the agenda. Governmental officials from around the world gathered together with scientists, representatives from the fishing sector, conservation groups and other stakeholders to discuss conversation and sustainable use of amrine biological diversity in the high seas, covering 64 percent of the earth's surface.
They need to move quickly. Given the fragility of these environments, we simply do not have the luxury of time, but we can act before it is too late.
As we continue to build our understanding of the oceans and life within, we must establish marine protected areas that extend beyond just the areas we know today to be valuable or threatened.
We must place biodiversity conservation at the center of ocean governance, build the precautionary approach into the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and ensure that every activity in these areas beyond national jurisdiction——be it fishing, mining, transportation, tourism or research——is conducted in a sustainable manner that is fair to present and future generations.
We must recognize that all of the geographical, geological and biological parts of the oceans are interrelated, interdependent and equal one tremendously significant ecosystem whole.
Right now, we have this opportunity to prevent the extinction of countless species and ecosystems that are only just being discovered, let alone understood. Now is the time to protect our last undiscovered wilderness, the world's final frontier——the high seas.
保護地球的最后邊疆
1962年，當(dāng)約翰格倫首次駕駛“友誼7號”太空船于晚上穿越澳大利亞西部時，他向任務(wù)控制中心傳達了這樣一條信息：“燈光看得很清楚。請感謝每一位打開電燈的人，好嗎？”如果現(xiàn)在他從太空往下看，看到的也許不再只是我們城市的萬家燈火。還會看到漁船的點點燈光。漁船的燈光非常密集，可以清清楚楚地勾勒出南美大陸架的外部輪廓以及整個亞洲海域的輪廓。
這些燈光是漁民用來引誘魷魚的。如此強度的捕魚活動意味著我們的海洋所面臨的困境日益加深。人類強行留下的痕跡已由海岸推進到不屬于任何國家管轄的公海。這些足跡所到之處破壞并耗盡了幾乎一切資源。
隨著全世界鱈魚和其它眾多沿海魚類資源逐漸枯竭，捕魚業(yè)已轉(zhuǎn)向公海開發(fā)魚類資源。捕魚作業(yè)現(xiàn)在瞄準的是不受任何國家管轄的深海的海山，海脊和高原，因為這些地方的所有權(quán)和責(zé)任不屬于任何國家。
在十年多的時間里，我們已對大量未知的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了重大的破壞，使許多物種枯竭，還可能使許多物種遭受滅絕的厄運。每天，主要由11個國家派出的商業(yè)捕魚船進入公海，用海底拖網(wǎng)進行深海捕撈。
他們所調(diào)用的龐大設(shè)備所取的名字都是諸如“峽谷戰(zhàn)神”之類，由此可見其作業(yè)規(guī)模及造成的破壞之大。所經(jīng)之處，從古珊瑚，海綿到250歲的魚，被洗劫一空，盡入其網(wǎng)。一張拖網(wǎng)就能網(wǎng)起成堆的海綿，珊瑚及其它物種，總重量可達１萬磅。拖網(wǎng)過后留下的只是一片荒涼，貧瘠的海底沙漠。
公海是個特別之處。在這兒，你能發(fā)現(xiàn)密集的動物群，它們所攝取的能量不是來自深海底部的火山口周圍的陽光。只有在這兒，你才能發(fā)現(xiàn)還有像南極洲周圍的海域那樣的尚沒有引進物種的海域。也只有在這兒，你才能發(fā)現(xiàn)存活了8000多年的生物，例如許多巨大的深海珊瑚。
但是公海與其它所有我們知道的海域真正不同之處在于，對這一自然遺產(chǎn)的保護非常缺乏。本周的一次聯(lián)合國會議終于突出了公海問題的重要性并將其排上議事日程。全世界的政府官員和科學(xué)家，捕魚業(yè)的代表，自然資源保護組織及其它利益相關(guān)者會聚一堂，討論對覆蓋地球表面64％的公海海洋生物多樣物種進行保護和可持續(xù)性開發(fā)利用的問題。
他們需要趕快行動。鑒于這些生物環(huán)境的脆弱性，我們真的耽擱不起，但我們還能亡羊補牢。
隨著我們對海洋和海洋生物越來越了解，我們必須建立海洋保護區(qū)，起范圍要超出我們今天所知的有價值的或會受到威脅的那些區(qū)域。
我們必須把保護生物多樣性放在海洋管理的中心地位，把建立防范措施寫進《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》，確保在這些不屬于任何國家管轄的區(qū)域內(nèi)的每項活動――無論是捕魚，采礦，運輸，旅游，還是科學(xué)研究――都本著公平對待我們這代人和子孫后代的原則，以可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方式展開。
我們必須意識到，海洋在地理，地質(zhì)和生物方面都是相互關(guān)聯(lián)，相互依存的，共同構(gòu)成了一個極其重要的完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。
現(xiàn)在，我們有這個機會防止剛被發(fā)現(xiàn)，更不用說了解的無數(shù)物種和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。當(dāng)前正是保護我們最后一塊尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的未開發(fā)之地，世界的邊疆――公海――的時候了。