高效閱讀的三種方法
閱讀是高中英語(yǔ)能力培養(yǎng)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，高考對(duì)閱讀能力的考查的力度也在逐年加大。怎樣才能做到讀得快、理解準(zhǔn)，達(dá)到高效率的閱讀呢？閱讀方式的重要性不容忽視。常見(jiàn)的閱讀方式有快讀（ skimming ）、檢索讀（ scanning ）和細(xì)讀（ intensive reading ）三種。
快讀便于讀者迅速了解文章的大概內(nèi)容，形成整體印象。實(shí)際上，有些文章我們沒(méi)有必要研讀全文，只需把握文章的脈絡(luò)，重視每段的第一句，因?yàn)橐话銇?lái)說(shuō)，每段的第一句往往是該段的主題句。例：（摘選自 2004 全國(guó)卷 I 閱讀 C ，因篇幅有限，僅做部分引用，以下同）
When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible ??? and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health…
So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first … Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you… Finally, try to see things from the other person's perspective （視角） …
The text is mainly written to explain ______ .
A. how to keep yourself from being hurt
B. how to stay mentally healthy
C. how and when to remain calm
D. why and how to pardon others
利用快讀的技巧，只需讀每段的開(kāi)頭，就會(huì)很快明白文章的主旨。第一段寫(xiě)為什么要原諒別人；第二段寫(xiě)如何原諒別人。從而得出文章的主旨，選出答案 D 。
檢索讀是讀者在對(duì)材料有所了解的前提下，在大量的材料中去尋找一個(gè)特定的信息如日期、數(shù)字或詞組等。不需逐行閱讀，但記住要找的信息，快速自上而下掃視，期待相關(guān)信息的出現(xiàn)。如高考中的應(yīng)用文、廣告等，只需瀏覽內(nèi)容提要、前言、標(biāo)題、插圖，表格或開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾等相關(guān)的部分即可。一般在作答時(shí)采用先看題目，再根據(jù)所要的相關(guān)信息去閱讀。例：（摘選自 2004 廣東卷 E ）
Apollo
For lovers of the arts, Apollo is a truly necessary magazine. Covering the ages and the great civilizations of the world, Apollo brings you well-illustrated yet academic articles by internationally famous scholars, as well as information on exhibitions and sales. Experience five monthly issues for as little as ￡ 5 each.
The Guardian Weekly
The Guardian Weekly gives you a global view with articles from four of the world's most respected newspapers….
New Internationalist
Full of excellent writing and photography, the N1 covers one key subject each month, from Terrorism to Poverty to Climate Change….
The Week
The Week is the only weekly summary giving you the best of the British and foreign newspapers in just 35 pages….
Which of the following magazines will probably provide you with articles about music and paintings?
A. Apollo B. The Week
C. New Internationalist D. The Guardian Weekly
利用檢索讀的技巧快速瀏覽，找出特定的與上述選項(xiàng)中相關(guān)的信息，不需理解其他信息可以確定，只有答案 A （藝術(shù)類(lèi)）才與 music and paintings 相關(guān)。
細(xì)讀主要考查考生分析具體信息的能力和相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)的分析能力，根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)詞義，根據(jù)材料進(jìn)行判斷，推理和引申以及領(lǐng)會(huì)作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度和“弦外之音”等。這就要求我們認(rèn)真理解每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，仔細(xì)分析。如：（選自 2004 江蘇卷 E 篇）
Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone. Although most people do not shoot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it. The only answer, then, is to bring the truth about sport shooting to the great majority of people. ①
Now, it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful creatures. The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy ② If, as they would have you believe, gun-carrying and killing improve human-character, then perhaps we should encourage war ③ .
It can be inferred from the text that the author seems to ________ .
A. blame the majority of people B. worry about the existence of wildlife
C. be in flavor of war D. be in support of character-building
此題要求細(xì)讀相關(guān)的最后兩個(gè)段落，對(duì)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析：從①處可以判斷 A 錯(cuò)，大多數(shù)人不懂也不明真相；從②處“傷害動(dòng)物，看看他們痛苦地死去使大家不愉快”的陳述，說(shuō)明作者不贊成少數(shù)人的所謂理由， D 錯(cuò)；而③用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“如果說(shuō)獵殺可以改進(jìn)人的個(gè)性（品質(zhì)），那么，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)豈不是值得鼓勵(lì)？”來(lái)反駁這種荒謬的言論，故 C 錯(cuò)；最后可以推斷 B 為正確選項(xiàng)。
可見(jiàn)，明確了這三種閱讀技巧，對(duì)你突破高考閱讀會(huì)幫助很大，你學(xué)會(huì)了嗎？
閱讀是高中英語(yǔ)能力培養(yǎng)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，高考對(duì)閱讀能力的考查的力度也在逐年加大。怎樣才能做到讀得快、理解準(zhǔn)，達(dá)到高效率的閱讀呢？閱讀方式的重要性不容忽視。常見(jiàn)的閱讀方式有快讀（ skimming ）、檢索讀（ scanning ）和細(xì)讀（ intensive reading ）三種。
快讀便于讀者迅速了解文章的大概內(nèi)容，形成整體印象。實(shí)際上，有些文章我們沒(méi)有必要研讀全文，只需把握文章的脈絡(luò)，重視每段的第一句，因?yàn)橐话銇?lái)說(shuō)，每段的第一句往往是該段的主題句。例：（摘選自 2004 全國(guó)卷 I 閱讀 C ，因篇幅有限，僅做部分引用，以下同）
When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible ??? and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health…
So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first … Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you… Finally, try to see things from the other person's perspective （視角） …
The text is mainly written to explain ______ .
A. how to keep yourself from being hurt
B. how to stay mentally healthy
C. how and when to remain calm
D. why and how to pardon others
利用快讀的技巧，只需讀每段的開(kāi)頭，就會(huì)很快明白文章的主旨。第一段寫(xiě)為什么要原諒別人；第二段寫(xiě)如何原諒別人。從而得出文章的主旨，選出答案 D 。
檢索讀是讀者在對(duì)材料有所了解的前提下，在大量的材料中去尋找一個(gè)特定的信息如日期、數(shù)字或詞組等。不需逐行閱讀，但記住要找的信息，快速自上而下掃視，期待相關(guān)信息的出現(xiàn)。如高考中的應(yīng)用文、廣告等，只需瀏覽內(nèi)容提要、前言、標(biāo)題、插圖，表格或開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾等相關(guān)的部分即可。一般在作答時(shí)采用先看題目，再根據(jù)所要的相關(guān)信息去閱讀。例：（摘選自 2004 廣東卷 E ）
Apollo
For lovers of the arts, Apollo is a truly necessary magazine. Covering the ages and the great civilizations of the world, Apollo brings you well-illustrated yet academic articles by internationally famous scholars, as well as information on exhibitions and sales. Experience five monthly issues for as little as ￡ 5 each.
The Guardian Weekly
The Guardian Weekly gives you a global view with articles from four of the world's most respected newspapers….
New Internationalist
Full of excellent writing and photography, the N1 covers one key subject each month, from Terrorism to Poverty to Climate Change….
The Week
The Week is the only weekly summary giving you the best of the British and foreign newspapers in just 35 pages….
Which of the following magazines will probably provide you with articles about music and paintings?
A. Apollo B. The Week
C. New Internationalist D. The Guardian Weekly
利用檢索讀的技巧快速瀏覽，找出特定的與上述選項(xiàng)中相關(guān)的信息，不需理解其他信息可以確定，只有答案 A （藝術(shù)類(lèi)）才與 music and paintings 相關(guān)。
細(xì)讀主要考查考生分析具體信息的能力和相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)的分析能力，根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)詞義，根據(jù)材料進(jìn)行判斷，推理和引申以及領(lǐng)會(huì)作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度和“弦外之音”等。這就要求我們認(rèn)真理解每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，仔細(xì)分析。如：（選自 2004 江蘇卷 E 篇）
Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone. Although most people do not shoot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it. The only answer, then, is to bring the truth about sport shooting to the great majority of people. ①
Now, it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful creatures. The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy ② If, as they would have you believe, gun-carrying and killing improve human-character, then perhaps we should encourage war ③ .
It can be inferred from the text that the author seems to ________ .
A. blame the majority of people B. worry about the existence of wildlife
C. be in flavor of war D. be in support of character-building
此題要求細(xì)讀相關(guān)的最后兩個(gè)段落，對(duì)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析：從①處可以判斷 A 錯(cuò)，大多數(shù)人不懂也不明真相；從②處“傷害動(dòng)物，看看他們痛苦地死去使大家不愉快”的陳述，說(shuō)明作者不贊成少數(shù)人的所謂理由， D 錯(cuò)；而③用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“如果說(shuō)獵殺可以改進(jìn)人的個(gè)性（品質(zhì)），那么，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)豈不是值得鼓勵(lì)？”來(lái)反駁這種荒謬的言論，故 C 錯(cuò)；最后可以推斷 B 為正確選項(xiàng)。
可見(jiàn)，明確了這三種閱讀技巧，對(duì)你突破高考閱讀會(huì)幫助很大，你學(xué)會(huì)了嗎？