38.原文：Egypt, wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus, is the gift of the Nile.
譯文：埃及，希臘歷史學家赫卡泰奧斯寫道，是尼羅河的禮物。
B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example
原文：能為他的這本散文集子作序，我覺得很榮幸。
譯文：to write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改譯：Writing a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
39.原文：兇手被判死刑。
譯文：The murderer was condemned to die.
40.原文：一名隊員跌入火山湖中，差點被淹死。
譯文：A team member fell into the volcanic lake and narrowly escaped to be drowned.
41.原文：法國洞穴探險家伯杰是一位洞穴探險的狂熱愛好者。
譯文：French potholer, Berger, is a mania for cave exploration.
42.原文：當時伽利略的書禁止在意大利出售。
譯文：Galileo’s book was banned from selling in Italy.
43.原文：不是你就是我要做這個新的實驗。
譯文：Either you or I are going to carry out the new experiment.
44.原文：我們已經(jīng)在南極建立了一個基地。
譯文：We have set up a basis at the South Pole.
45.原文：春天桃花盛開。
譯文：The peach trees are in full bloom in spring.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation(30 points,15 points for each)
A. Directions: Translate the underlined parts of the following English passage into Chinese.
46.One reason for studying psychology is to help you deal with your children. Perhaps your daughter refuses to go to bed when you want her to and bursts into tears at the least mention of ″light out″.A little knowledge of psychology will come in handy. Offer her a choice of staying up until 7∶30 with you or going upstairs and playing until 8∶00.Since she gets to make the choice, she does not feel so powerless and will not therefore resist. Psychology is also useful in rewarding a child for a job well done. Instead of telling your 10-year-old son what a good boy he is when he makes his own bed, tell him how neat it looks, how happy you are to see it, and how proud of him you are for doing it by himself. The psychology book will tell you that being a good boy is much harder to live up than doing one job well.
B. Directions: Translate the underlined parts of the following Chinese passage into English.
47.校長先生,
女士們，先生們：
我感謝陸登庭校長(President Rudenstine)的邀請，使我有機會在這美好的金秋時節(jié)，來到你們這座美國古老而又現(xiàn)代化的學府。
哈佛建校三百六十年來，培養(yǎng)出許多杰出的政治家、科學家、文學家和企業(yè)家，曾出過六位美國總統(tǒng)，三十多位諾貝爾獎獲得者。先有哈佛，后有美利堅合眾國，這說明了哈佛在美國歷的地位
譯文：埃及，希臘歷史學家赫卡泰奧斯寫道，是尼羅河的禮物。
B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example
原文：能為他的這本散文集子作序，我覺得很榮幸。
譯文：to write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改譯：Writing a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
39.原文：兇手被判死刑。
譯文：The murderer was condemned to die.
40.原文：一名隊員跌入火山湖中，差點被淹死。
譯文：A team member fell into the volcanic lake and narrowly escaped to be drowned.
41.原文：法國洞穴探險家伯杰是一位洞穴探險的狂熱愛好者。
譯文：French potholer, Berger, is a mania for cave exploration.
42.原文：當時伽利略的書禁止在意大利出售。
譯文：Galileo’s book was banned from selling in Italy.
43.原文：不是你就是我要做這個新的實驗。
譯文：Either you or I are going to carry out the new experiment.
44.原文：我們已經(jīng)在南極建立了一個基地。
譯文：We have set up a basis at the South Pole.
45.原文：春天桃花盛開。
譯文：The peach trees are in full bloom in spring.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation(30 points,15 points for each)
A. Directions: Translate the underlined parts of the following English passage into Chinese.
46.One reason for studying psychology is to help you deal with your children. Perhaps your daughter refuses to go to bed when you want her to and bursts into tears at the least mention of ″light out″.A little knowledge of psychology will come in handy. Offer her a choice of staying up until 7∶30 with you or going upstairs and playing until 8∶00.Since she gets to make the choice, she does not feel so powerless and will not therefore resist. Psychology is also useful in rewarding a child for a job well done. Instead of telling your 10-year-old son what a good boy he is when he makes his own bed, tell him how neat it looks, how happy you are to see it, and how proud of him you are for doing it by himself. The psychology book will tell you that being a good boy is much harder to live up than doing one job well.
B. Directions: Translate the underlined parts of the following Chinese passage into English.
47.校長先生,
女士們，先生們：
我感謝陸登庭校長(President Rudenstine)的邀請，使我有機會在這美好的金秋時節(jié)，來到你們這座美國古老而又現(xiàn)代化的學府。
哈佛建校三百六十年來，培養(yǎng)出許多杰出的政治家、科學家、文學家和企業(yè)家，曾出過六位美國總統(tǒng)，三十多位諾貝爾獎獲得者。先有哈佛，后有美利堅合眾國，這說明了哈佛在美國歷的地位