第二節(jié) 主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致
主從句語義相互關(guān)聯(lián)，時(shí)態(tài)也需呼應(yīng)，所謂一致并不是說主從句的時(shí)態(tài)要一模一樣，而是不能脫節(jié)，一般的原則是不能跨越大的時(shí)間范疇，如：主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句可能是過去完成時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)，而不大可能是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，當(dāng)然具體情況還應(yīng)具體分析，但針對(duì)解答TOEFL題而言，掌握上述原則已是綽綽有余
1．通常當(dāng)主句中的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)并不受影響，往往還是根據(jù)從句的意思而定。
I know that he will come tomorrow.
I know that he has finished reading this book.
I know that he went to school yesterday.
2. 當(dāng)主句中的時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)態(tài),那么從句中的時(shí)態(tài)要作一定的變化
I knew that he would come tomorrow. (現(xiàn)在將來時(shí)變?yōu)榱诉^去完成時(shí))
I knew that he had finished reading this book. (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí))
I was told that he was free today. (現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去時(shí)態(tài))
主從句語義相互關(guān)聯(lián)，時(shí)態(tài)也需呼應(yīng)，所謂一致并不是說主從句的時(shí)態(tài)要一模一樣，而是不能脫節(jié)，一般的原則是不能跨越大的時(shí)間范疇，如：主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句可能是過去完成時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)，而不大可能是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，當(dāng)然具體情況還應(yīng)具體分析，但針對(duì)解答TOEFL題而言，掌握上述原則已是綽綽有余
1．通常當(dāng)主句中的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)并不受影響，往往還是根據(jù)從句的意思而定。
I know that he will come tomorrow.
I know that he has finished reading this book.
I know that he went to school yesterday.
2. 當(dāng)主句中的時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)態(tài),那么從句中的時(shí)態(tài)要作一定的變化
I knew that he would come tomorrow. (現(xiàn)在將來時(shí)變?yōu)榱诉^去完成時(shí))
I knew that he had finished reading this book. (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí))
I was told that he was free today. (現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去時(shí)態(tài))