英語(yǔ)口譯備考勝經(jīng):翻譯十大原則(6)|口譯初級(jí)

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英語(yǔ)口譯備考勝經(jīng):翻譯十大原則(6)|口譯初級(jí)
    名詞詞組與分句互譯原則
    漢語(yǔ)中的兩大成分地位較低,分別是賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。在英譯漢中,較長(zhǎng)的賓語(yǔ)從句常常會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞詞組,比如在第一個(gè)例句中的“how”如果翻譯為“如何化去稅款”這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,在漢語(yǔ)中就顯得不倫不類,所有一些5W1H的疑問(wèn)詞基本上都有可能轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞,如when(時(shí)間),where(地點(diǎn)),who(人選),why(原因)。此外,對(duì)于修飾語(yǔ)較多的名詞性短語(yǔ),漢語(yǔ)也不喜歡用定語(yǔ)進(jìn)行堆砌,而偏向用簡(jiǎn)單的主謂短語(yǔ),如第二個(gè)例子中把“the most skeptical Gates”翻譯成“一個(gè)持懷疑態(tài)度的蓋茨”,就不如變成主謂短語(yǔ)“蓋茨對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度”。
    They provide a means by which wealthy people and corporations can in effect decide how their tax payments will be spent.
    基金會(huì)提供了一種方式,可以讓有錢人和大公司能實(shí)際支配花去稅款的方式。
    But the most skeptical Gates of the new millennium is someone who evinces a passion for giving and government aid.
    但新千年蓋茨對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度,熱衷于施舍和政府援助。
    Now, the debate has shifted away from the ethics of baby-making and toward the morality of cloning embryos for their cells and tissues, which might be used to treat diseases.
    現(xiàn)在,爭(zhēng)論已經(jīng)從制造嬰兒是否違背倫理,轉(zhuǎn)到為提取用于治療疾病的細(xì)胞和組織而克隆胚胎是否違背道德。
    But such self-interest is hardly enlightened.
    但這種做法只考慮個(gè)人利益,自然難以獲得支持。
    The project budget sustains both the existence of graduate students and the fiscal solvency of the university.
    研究生是否存在,大學(xué)是否存在資金償還能力,這些都取決于項(xiàng)目預(yù)算。