自考英語(一)課堂筆記完整版(17)

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Unit9(第26講—第28講)
    Text A learned words and popular words
    本課主要單詞
    1. learned adj. 有學(xué)問的,博學(xué)的;學(xué)術(shù)上的
    這個單詞做形容詞用時有兩種讀音,一是 ,另一個是 或 .讀 時,意思是“有學(xué)問的,博學(xué)的;學(xué)術(shù)上的”;讀 或 時,意思是“經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練學(xué)到的”。
    a learned man (學(xué)者)  a learned discussion (學(xué)術(shù)討論)
    a learned doctor (醫(yī)道高明的醫(yī)生)  a learned journal (學(xué)術(shù)刊物)
    a learned response 后天的反應(yīng)(指非天生的)
    He was learned in the ways of the words. (他深通人情世故。)
    2. cultivated adj. 耕種的;栽培的;有修養(yǎng)的
    cultivate v. 耕種;種植;培養(yǎng);陶冶;建立;教化
    cultivation n 耕種;栽培;培養(yǎng);修養(yǎng)。
    1)The farmer was busy cultivating the land when I found him. (我找到那位農(nóng)民時,他正忙著耕地。)
    2)His father cultivated a farm of 80 acres. (他父親耕種一個80英畝地的農(nóng)場。)
    3)Extensive reading can cultivate your mind. (廣泛閱讀能陶冶你的心性。)
    4)He tried hard to cultivate good relations with his colleagues. (他努力與同事們建立良好關(guān)系。)
    5)He is a very cultivated young man. (他是一個非常有教養(yǎng)的年輕人。)
    6)Her cultivated voice was pleasing to the audience. (她文雅的說話嗓音很悅耳。)
    7)He just can't understand why they allowed the land to go out of cultivation.(他就是不理解他們?yōu)槭裁慈瓮恋鼗氖彙#?BR>    8)The cultivation of good manners will be very helpful to his future.(禮貌習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成對他的未來將有很大的幫助。)
    9)He is a man of charm and cultivation. (他既有魅力又有教養(yǎng)。)
    3.concern n. 關(guān)心;關(guān)系;關(guān)聯(lián) v.涉及,有關(guān)于;使關(guān)心,使掛念
    1) This matter is no concern of yours. (這件事跟你毫無關(guān)系。)
    2) I don't think it is my concern, go and ask the manager, please. (這事跟我沒關(guān)系,請去問經(jīng)理。)
    3) We felt concern for (或over) your health. (我們?yōu)槟愕慕】祿?dān)心。)
    4) He is said to have been concerned in the crime. (據(jù)說他與這起犯罪事件有關(guān)。)
    5) The energy problem concerns us all. (能源問題關(guān)系到我們每個人。)
    6) The baby's poor health concerned his parents. (孩子身體不好使父母擔(dān)憂。)
    concern oneself in sth…… 關(guān)心
    concern oneself with (about, over, in) 忙于
    concern oneself about (for) 擔(dān)憂
    have no concern with 與…無關(guān)
    to whom it may concern (用作正式信件的開頭)敬啟者
    concerned adj. 擔(dān)憂的,不安的;有關(guān)聯(lián)的;關(guān)心的
    1) We are concerned about (at, over) world peace. (我們關(guān)心世界和平。)
    2) He spoke to the people concerned. (他對有關(guān)的人講了話。)
    3) We are not concerned with who is right or wrong. (我們對誰是誰非不感興趣。)
    4) As far as ability is concerned, he is the best candidate. (就能力而言,他是佳人選。)
    concerning prep. 關(guān)于
    1)This is a proposal concerning child health. (這是一項(xiàng)關(guān)于兒童健康的建議。)
    2)Please inform me concerning this matter. (請把關(guān)于這件事的情況告訴我。)
    4.possession n. 所有,擁有
    possess v. 擁有;具有;掌握;耐?。ㄐ宰樱?BR>    1)The possession of a degree does not guarantee you a job. (有學(xué)位不一定保證能找到工作。)
    2)When his father died, he came into possession of a large ranch. (他父親去世后,他繼承了一個大牧場。)
    3)He was a poor man with few possessions. (他是個沒有什么財產(chǎn)的窮人。)
    4)The old house is now in his possession. (這所老房子現(xiàn)在歸他所有。)
    5) The old lady is in possession of some gold coins. (那位老太太擁有一些金幣。)
    6) How much money does he possess? (他有多少錢?)
    7) He told us that he possessed a little French. (他對我們說他懂一點(diǎn)法語。)
    8) He possessed his temper despite the insult. (盡管受到了侮辱,他還是按捺住怒氣。)
    5.occasion n. 時刻;場合;時機(jī)
    occasional adj. 偶爾的,偶然的
    occasionally adv. 偶然地
    1) We've met each other on more than one occasion. (我們已經(jīng)不止地見過。)
    2) He wanted to give people a good impression on this special occasion.(他想在這個特別的場合給人們留下好印象。)
    3)The weather was good except for an occasional shower. (除了偶爾有陣雨外,天氣很好。)
    4)They go into town occasionally. (他們偶爾進(jìn)城。)
    6.acquaintance n. 相識;了解;熟人
    acquaint v. 使認(rèn)識;了解
    1)I had some acquaintance with this subject. (對這一課題我曾有所了解。)
    2)He has many acquaintances. (他交游甚廣。)
    3)It's necessary to acquaint Western readers with recent happenings in China.(向西方讀者介紹中國近的動態(tài)很有必要。)
    4)She decided to acquaint herself with every aspect of the question.(她決定使自己對這個問題的每一個方面都了如指掌。)
    5)We were acquainted with each year several years ago. (我們幾年前就相互認(rèn)識了。)
    7.formal adj. 正式的;形式的;禮儀上的
    informal adj. 非正式的;不拘禮節(jié)的
    formally adv. 正式地
    1) They wrote a formal letter of thanks. (他們寫了一封正式的感謝信。)
    2) He received formal training in music when he was only 6. (他六歲時就接受了正規(guī)的音樂訓(xùn)練。)
    3)It's not appropriate to wear informal clothes on formal occasions. (在正式場合穿便裝不合適。)
    4)Discussions were formally opened in David Camp last week. (討論上周在戴維營正式開始。)
    8.elevated adj. 提高的;高貴的,莊嚴(yán)的
    elevate v. 提高;提升
    elevation n. 高度;提升;崇高
    elevator n. 起重工人;電梯
    1)She considers herself too elevated to eat in a fast-food restaurant. (她自視過高,不愿在快餐店用餐。)
    2)He spoke in an elevated tone. (他用莊嚴(yán)的語氣講著。)
    3)He was elevated to a higher rank. (他晉了級。)
    4)They worked hard to elevate the living standards. (他們努力工作以提高生活水平。)
    5)He was overjoyed at his elevation to the position of general manager. (他因晉升為總經(jīng)理而欣喜萬分。)
    6)They are flying at an elevation of 8000 feet. (他們正在8000英尺高空飛行。)
    7)You can take an elevator to the 18th floor. (你可以乘電梯去十八樓。)
    9.style n. 風(fēng)格;文體;式樣
    1) They sell hats in all sizes and styles. (他們出售各種式樣和尺寸的帽子。)
    2) He changed his style of painting when he returned from Paris. (他從巴黎回來后就改變了畫風(fēng)。)
    3) Sincerity and simplicity are his style. (真摯和簡練是他的文體。)
    come into style (開始流行)
    be in style (在流行中)
    be out of style (不再流行)
    10.case n. 情況,事實(shí);病例,案例;箱子,盒子
    1)He thought the more time he spent on his lessons, the better performance he would make. But now he realizes it is not the case. (他原以為花在功課上的時間越多,成績就越好,現(xiàn)在他認(rèn)識到情況并非如此。)
    2)If that's the case you'll have to work harder. (如果真是那樣,你得更加努力。)
    3)Don't worry too much about it, it is a light case of flu. (別擔(dān)心,只是輕度流感。)
    4)The police are studying the murder case. (警察正在研究這起謀殺案。)
    a case in point (恰當(dāng)?shù)睦樱?BR>    a case of honor (榮譽(yù)攸關(guān)的問題)
    a civil (criminal) case (民事/刑事訴訟)
    a case of life and death (生死攸關(guān)的事情)
    a hard case (棘手的事情)
    in any case (無論如何)
    in case (假使;以防)
    in the case of (就…來說)
    just in case (以防萬一)
    11.popularity n. 普及,流行;名望,受歡迎
    popular adj. 普遍的;多數(shù)人喜愛的;大眾的
    1)He was amazed at the popularity of table-tennis when he first came to China.(他第來中國時驚異于乒乓球運(yùn)動的普及。)
    2)The new president achieved great popularity. (新任總統(tǒng)深得人心。)
    3)Books on popular science are selling well. (科普書籍銷得很好。)
    4)He is popular among young students. (他深受青年學(xué)生的歡迎。)
    12.classification n. 分類;分級
    classify v. 把…分類
    1)There are different opinions about the classification of a particular word.(對某一特定的詞的分類有不同的看法。)
    2)They classified the books according to their contents. (他們根據(jù)內(nèi)容把圖書分了類。)
    在英語中有不少以-fy為后綴的動詞,其名詞形式常以-ation為后綴,如:
    purify-purification
    qualify-qualification
    simplify-simplification
    identify-identification
    13.convenient adj. 方便的
    inconvenient adj. 不方便的
    convenience n. 方便
    1)If it is convenient for you, please inform me of the case as soon as possible.(如果于你方便的話,請把案情盡早告訴我。)
    2)Your visit caused him great inconvenience. (你的來訪給他帶來極大的不便。)
    3)I appreciate the convenience of living near the office. (我喜歡住處離辦公室近這點(diǎn)方便。)
    14.avoid v. 避免,避開
    1)You should avoid being late for the meeting. ( 你應(yīng)該避免開會遲到。)
    2)We should avoid making the same mistake. (我們應(yīng)該避免犯同樣的錯誤。)
    15.presence n. 出席,到場
    present adj. 出席的;當(dāng)前的 n. 禮物 v. 呈獻(xiàn);送
    1) We shall be greatly honored to have your presence. (你如能出席,我們將榮幸之至。)
    2) He felt shy to speak in the presence of a large audience. (在眾多人前講話他感到難為情。)
    3) All the students are present today. (今天,所有的學(xué)生都到堂了。)
    4) He is talking about the present situation. (他正在談當(dāng)前的形勢。)
    5) He's father gave him a lovely birthday present. (父親給了他一個可愛的生日禮物。)
    6) He presented his teacher with a book he wrote. (他送給老師一本自己寫的書。)
    本課主要詞綴
    Affixation (詞綴法)
    1.形容詞后綴-ed (多接于名詞之后,表示“具有…”,“充滿…”的意思)
    learned, cultivated, educated, elevated
    2. 名詞后綴-ion,-ation
    possession, classification, misconception, cultivation
    3. 名詞后綴-ance
    acquaintance, importance