Text A How TV Violence Affects Kids
本課主要單詞
1.violence n. 暴力；強(qiáng)烈
violent adj. 暴力的；強(qiáng)烈的
1）Preschool children suffer most from TV violence. （學(xué)齡前兒童受暴力電視節(jié)目的危害深。）
2）People in that country hated the king to the marrow as he ruled the country with violence.
（那個(gè)國家的人民對國王恨之入骨，因?yàn)樗帽┝M(jìn)行統(tǒng)治。）
3）He flung open the door with violence.?。ㄋ脛诺孛腿话验T打開。）
4）The violent blow sent him down on his knees. （那猛烈的一擊使他跪倒在地。）
5）The doctor told him not to do any violent exercise. （ 醫(yī)生囑咐他不要進(jìn)行劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)。）
2.exposure n. 暴露；揭露；曝光
expose v. 暴露；使曝光；使遭受；使處于…影響之下；展出
1）Too much exposure to sunlight will burn your skin.（過度曬太陽會(huì)曬傷皮膚。）
2）The exposure of corruption by the media caught the attention of the public.
（傳媒對腐敗的揭露引起了公眾的注意。）
3）She concealed the secret from her parents， fearing the exposure would stun them.
（她對父母隱瞞了這個(gè)秘密，擔(dān)心秘密暴露會(huì)令父母震驚。）
4）How many exposures have you made？?。闩牧藥讖堈掌?？）
5）His shirt was open， exposing the tattoo on his chest.?。ㄋ囊r衣敞開了，露出了刺在胸部的文身。）
6）His fatness exposed him to a lot of joking at the office. （他長得肥胖，因此在辦公室常受取笑。）
7）He was exposed to music when he was a child.?。ㄋ杂资芤魳忿固铡＃?BR> 8）Parents should expose their children to good books.?。ǜ改笐?yīng)讓孩子們讀好書。）
9）He is going to expose all his collections at the auction.?。ㄋ蛩闩馁u時(shí)把收藏品全部陳列出來。）
3.allocate v. 分配；把…撥給；把…劃歸
allocation n. 分配；劃撥的款項(xiàng)
1）Some doctors and teachers will be allocated to the villagers to help the people there.
（一些醫(yī)生和教師將被派往那些村子幫助那兒的人們。）
2）They were dissatisfied with the way resources were allocated.
（他們對資源分配的方式不滿意。）
3）One third of the money has been allocated to the public services.
（三分之一的經(jīng)費(fèi)已撥給了公用事業(yè)。）
4）They said the allocation of seats was unfair.（他們說席位的分配不公平。）
5）He has a $5000 allocation to cover the expenses.
（他有一筆5000美元的撥款以應(yīng)付各項(xiàng)支出。）
4. significantly adv. considerably （相當(dāng)數(shù)量地）；meaningfully （有意義地）
significant adj. important，meaningful （意義重大的）
marked，considerable （不必忽略的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的）
significance n. consequence （意義；影響） implication（含義）
1）Their opinions don't differ significantly from each other.?。ㄋ麄儌z的看法沒有明顯差別。）
2）He said to us significantly that education of the youth would be vital to the future of a country.?。ㄋ馕渡铋L地對我們說年輕人的教育對于一個(gè)國家的未來至關(guān)重要。）
3）July 4 is a significant date for Americans.?。▽γ绹藖碚f七月四日是一個(gè)意義重大的日子。）
4）There has been a significant increase in juvenule crime in recent years.（近年來，青少年犯罪活動(dòng)有了相當(dāng)大的增加。）
5）This is an event of great significance.?。ㄟ@是一個(gè)非常重大的事件。）
6）It is necessary to attach great significance to environmental protection.（重視環(huán)境保護(hù)是必要的。）
5.per prep. 每一，每
1）He earns $3000 per month.（他每月掙3000美元。）
2）We drove at the speed of 70miles per hour.（我們以每小時(shí)70英里的速度行駛。）
3）Take the medicine 3times per day.（這藥每日服三次。）
4）They spent more than 20million pounds per year.（他們每年花費(fèi)兩千萬英鎊。）
6.given prep. considering （考慮到）
1）Given their inexperience， they have done a good job.
（考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗(yàn)，這工作他們做得不錯(cuò)。）
2）Given his age， the old man is in good condition.
（考慮到老人的年齡，他的身體狀況很不錯(cuò)了。）
3）Given my interest in oil painting， this is the best place to study.
（考慮到我對油畫的興趣，這是學(xué)習(xí)的好地方。）
4）It seems unreasonable to send him away， given that he is doing quite well.
（考慮到他的工作干得很不錯(cuò)，把他解雇是不合理的。）
7.adopt v. take up （采?。?accept （收養(yǎng)）； officially pass （正式通過）
1）I don't know if I should adopt a positive attitude towards the whole happening.
（我不知道我是否應(yīng)該對整個(gè)事件采取積極態(tài)度。）
2）Their country adopted press censorship. （他們國家采取了新聞檢查制度。）
3）They adopted an orphan as they had no child of their own.
（他們自己沒孩子，所以收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)孤兒。）
4）The boy was happy as anything when his parents decided to adopt a puppy.
（當(dāng)爸爸媽媽決定收養(yǎng)一條小狗時(shí)，那個(gè)男孩高興極了。）
5）Congress adopted the new measures. （國會(huì)通過了新措施。）
6）The National Congress adopted the government report.
（全國人大通過了政府工作報(bào)告。）
請注意區(qū)別adopt和adapt
adapt vi. adjust （調(diào)節(jié)；改變…以適應(yīng)）
vt. revise（校準(zhǔn)；調(diào)整；改編）
1）He had to adapt himself to the new condition.（他不得不使自己適應(yīng)新的情況。）
2）Mr. Wang could not adapt himself to the new climate.
（王先生不能適應(yīng)新的氣候。）
3）He is adapting the novel for television.（他正把那部小說改編為電視劇。）
8.distinguish v. separate （區(qū)別，辨別）； identify （認(rèn)出）
1）You have to distinguish facts from rumours if you want to form a correct opinion.
（如果想有一個(gè)正確的觀點(diǎn)，你得分辨事實(shí)和傳聞。）
2）He was distinguished from other boys by his height.
（他的身高顯出他與其它男孩的不同。）
3）Some children were unable to distinguish between the letters b and p.
（有些孩子不能分辨字母b和p.）
9.fantasy n. 想像；幻想
1）He is always having fantasies about becoming rich.（他總是抱著發(fā)財(cái)?shù)幕孟?。?BR> 2）To a small child， fantasy and reality are very close to each other .（對幼兒來說，幻想和現(xiàn)實(shí)靠得很近。）
請注意區(qū)別fancy，fantasy，imagination
fancy和fantasy多指無事實(shí)依據(jù)的憑空想像。Fancy的內(nèi)容多是虛構(gòu)的，幻想的；fantasy的內(nèi)容更是荒誕古怪的。
Imagination的想像多依據(jù)所見所聞或現(xiàn)實(shí)內(nèi)容一般是合理的。
1）She went wherever the fancy took her. （她隨興致所至想去哪里就去哪里。）
2）These fantasies are sometimes very dangerous to school children. （對學(xué)齡兒童來說這些古怪念頭是很危險(xiǎn)的。）
3）Poets， artists and inventors need imagination.?。ㄔ娙耍囆g(shù)家和發(fā)明家都需要想像力。）
10.underlying adj. 在下面的；根本的；潛在的
1）There are underlying similarities between all human beings.
（人與人之間有著潛在的相似之處。）
2）The underlying theme of the novel is very serious. （這本小說的潛在主題是極其嚴(yán)肅的。）
3）Can you understand the underlying meaning of what he said？?。隳芾斫馑f的話的含義嗎？）
4）The underlying structure of this building is no doubt very firm. （這座樓的底層結(jié)構(gòu)無疑是牢固的。）
11.motive n. reason， purpose （動(dòng)機(jī)，目的）
1）Greed was his only motive for receiving bribery. （貪婪是他受賄的原因。）
2）His motive in coming was a wish to achieve mutual understanding. （他來的動(dòng)機(jī)是想達(dá)成相互理解。）
3）The little boy opened his sister's mail through motives of curiosity. （那個(gè)小男孩出于好奇打開了姐姐的郵件。）
4）You should question his motive before you approve his conduct. （在你贊同他的所作所為之前應(yīng)該先質(zhì)詢他的動(dòng)機(jī)。）
12.subtlety n. delicacy；sensitivity 微妙之處，細(xì)微之處；敏銳
subtle adj. 隱約的；微妙的
1）Nobody noticed the subtlety of his remarks. （沒有人聽出他話中的微妙含義。）
2）They can sense each other's intentions with great subtlety. （他們能敏銳地感覺到彼此的意圖。）
3）It is difficult for people from other cultures to master the subtleties of the American joke.
（對于來自其他文化的人來說掌握美國笑話的微妙之處是困難的。）
4）His whole attitude has undergone a subtle change. （他的整個(gè)態(tài)度已經(jīng)有了微妙的變化。）
5）He dwelt on the subtle distinction between the two words.
（他詳述兩個(gè)詞詞義的細(xì)微差別。）
13.moral adj. 有道德的 n. 道德；寓意
1）He complained that he had witnessed a fall in moral standards.
（他抱怨說他目睹了道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的衰落。）
2）Parents are responsible for the children's moral welfare.
（父母應(yīng)對孩子道德上的健康成長負(fù)責(zé)。）
3）The moral of the story was “A friend in need is a friend indeed ”。
（這個(gè)故事的教益是“患難之交見真情?！保?BR> 4）I don't know what moral to draw from all this. （我不知道從所有這一切中應(yīng)得出何種教訓(xùn)。）
5）He has no morals and will do anything for money. （他毫無道德，為了錢什么都干得出來。）
14.recovery n. 康復(fù)；收回
recover v. 恢復(fù)；收復(fù)；挽回
1）He is recovered from his illness.?。ㄋ鸦謴?fù)了健康。）
2）She recovered her strength after two days'rest.?。ń?jīng)過兩天的休息，她恢復(fù)了力氣。）
3）The police recovered the stolen watch. （警察追回了失竊的手表。）
4）He said he had to work hard to recover the lost time. （他說他得努力工作，把失去的時(shí)間補(bǔ)回來。）
5）Mr. Wang insisted that the economic recovery was still slow. （王先生堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇還太緩慢。）
6）She made a remarkable recovery from the illness.?。ㄋ钊梭@異地從那場疾病中康復(fù)了。）
7）The recovery of the lost wallet thrilled the whole family.?。ㄊ溴X包的復(fù)得使全家人興奮不已。）
本課主要單詞
1.violence n. 暴力；強(qiáng)烈
violent adj. 暴力的；強(qiáng)烈的
1）Preschool children suffer most from TV violence. （學(xué)齡前兒童受暴力電視節(jié)目的危害深。）
2）People in that country hated the king to the marrow as he ruled the country with violence.
（那個(gè)國家的人民對國王恨之入骨，因?yàn)樗帽┝M(jìn)行統(tǒng)治。）
3）He flung open the door with violence.?。ㄋ脛诺孛腿话验T打開。）
4）The violent blow sent him down on his knees. （那猛烈的一擊使他跪倒在地。）
5）The doctor told him not to do any violent exercise. （ 醫(yī)生囑咐他不要進(jìn)行劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)。）
2.exposure n. 暴露；揭露；曝光
expose v. 暴露；使曝光；使遭受；使處于…影響之下；展出
1）Too much exposure to sunlight will burn your skin.（過度曬太陽會(huì)曬傷皮膚。）
2）The exposure of corruption by the media caught the attention of the public.
（傳媒對腐敗的揭露引起了公眾的注意。）
3）She concealed the secret from her parents， fearing the exposure would stun them.
（她對父母隱瞞了這個(gè)秘密，擔(dān)心秘密暴露會(huì)令父母震驚。）
4）How many exposures have you made？?。闩牧藥讖堈掌?？）
5）His shirt was open， exposing the tattoo on his chest.?。ㄋ囊r衣敞開了，露出了刺在胸部的文身。）
6）His fatness exposed him to a lot of joking at the office. （他長得肥胖，因此在辦公室常受取笑。）
7）He was exposed to music when he was a child.?。ㄋ杂资芤魳忿固铡＃?BR> 8）Parents should expose their children to good books.?。ǜ改笐?yīng)讓孩子們讀好書。）
9）He is going to expose all his collections at the auction.?。ㄋ蛩闩馁u時(shí)把收藏品全部陳列出來。）
3.allocate v. 分配；把…撥給；把…劃歸
allocation n. 分配；劃撥的款項(xiàng)
1）Some doctors and teachers will be allocated to the villagers to help the people there.
（一些醫(yī)生和教師將被派往那些村子幫助那兒的人們。）
2）They were dissatisfied with the way resources were allocated.
（他們對資源分配的方式不滿意。）
3）One third of the money has been allocated to the public services.
（三分之一的經(jīng)費(fèi)已撥給了公用事業(yè)。）
4）They said the allocation of seats was unfair.（他們說席位的分配不公平。）
5）He has a $5000 allocation to cover the expenses.
（他有一筆5000美元的撥款以應(yīng)付各項(xiàng)支出。）
4. significantly adv. considerably （相當(dāng)數(shù)量地）；meaningfully （有意義地）
significant adj. important，meaningful （意義重大的）
marked，considerable （不必忽略的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的）
significance n. consequence （意義；影響） implication（含義）
1）Their opinions don't differ significantly from each other.?。ㄋ麄儌z的看法沒有明顯差別。）
2）He said to us significantly that education of the youth would be vital to the future of a country.?。ㄋ馕渡铋L地對我們說年輕人的教育對于一個(gè)國家的未來至關(guān)重要。）
3）July 4 is a significant date for Americans.?。▽γ绹藖碚f七月四日是一個(gè)意義重大的日子。）
4）There has been a significant increase in juvenule crime in recent years.（近年來，青少年犯罪活動(dòng)有了相當(dāng)大的增加。）
5）This is an event of great significance.?。ㄟ@是一個(gè)非常重大的事件。）
6）It is necessary to attach great significance to environmental protection.（重視環(huán)境保護(hù)是必要的。）
5.per prep. 每一，每
1）He earns $3000 per month.（他每月掙3000美元。）
2）We drove at the speed of 70miles per hour.（我們以每小時(shí)70英里的速度行駛。）
3）Take the medicine 3times per day.（這藥每日服三次。）
4）They spent more than 20million pounds per year.（他們每年花費(fèi)兩千萬英鎊。）
6.given prep. considering （考慮到）
1）Given their inexperience， they have done a good job.
（考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗(yàn)，這工作他們做得不錯(cuò)。）
2）Given his age， the old man is in good condition.
（考慮到老人的年齡，他的身體狀況很不錯(cuò)了。）
3）Given my interest in oil painting， this is the best place to study.
（考慮到我對油畫的興趣，這是學(xué)習(xí)的好地方。）
4）It seems unreasonable to send him away， given that he is doing quite well.
（考慮到他的工作干得很不錯(cuò)，把他解雇是不合理的。）
7.adopt v. take up （采?。?accept （收養(yǎng)）； officially pass （正式通過）
1）I don't know if I should adopt a positive attitude towards the whole happening.
（我不知道我是否應(yīng)該對整個(gè)事件采取積極態(tài)度。）
2）Their country adopted press censorship. （他們國家采取了新聞檢查制度。）
3）They adopted an orphan as they had no child of their own.
（他們自己沒孩子，所以收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)孤兒。）
4）The boy was happy as anything when his parents decided to adopt a puppy.
（當(dāng)爸爸媽媽決定收養(yǎng)一條小狗時(shí)，那個(gè)男孩高興極了。）
5）Congress adopted the new measures. （國會(huì)通過了新措施。）
6）The National Congress adopted the government report.
（全國人大通過了政府工作報(bào)告。）
請注意區(qū)別adopt和adapt
adapt vi. adjust （調(diào)節(jié)；改變…以適應(yīng)）
vt. revise（校準(zhǔn)；調(diào)整；改編）
1）He had to adapt himself to the new condition.（他不得不使自己適應(yīng)新的情況。）
2）Mr. Wang could not adapt himself to the new climate.
（王先生不能適應(yīng)新的氣候。）
3）He is adapting the novel for television.（他正把那部小說改編為電視劇。）
8.distinguish v. separate （區(qū)別，辨別）； identify （認(rèn)出）
1）You have to distinguish facts from rumours if you want to form a correct opinion.
（如果想有一個(gè)正確的觀點(diǎn)，你得分辨事實(shí)和傳聞。）
2）He was distinguished from other boys by his height.
（他的身高顯出他與其它男孩的不同。）
3）Some children were unable to distinguish between the letters b and p.
（有些孩子不能分辨字母b和p.）
9.fantasy n. 想像；幻想
1）He is always having fantasies about becoming rich.（他總是抱著發(fā)財(cái)?shù)幕孟?。?BR> 2）To a small child， fantasy and reality are very close to each other .（對幼兒來說，幻想和現(xiàn)實(shí)靠得很近。）
請注意區(qū)別fancy，fantasy，imagination
fancy和fantasy多指無事實(shí)依據(jù)的憑空想像。Fancy的內(nèi)容多是虛構(gòu)的，幻想的；fantasy的內(nèi)容更是荒誕古怪的。
Imagination的想像多依據(jù)所見所聞或現(xiàn)實(shí)內(nèi)容一般是合理的。
1）She went wherever the fancy took her. （她隨興致所至想去哪里就去哪里。）
2）These fantasies are sometimes very dangerous to school children. （對學(xué)齡兒童來說這些古怪念頭是很危險(xiǎn)的。）
3）Poets， artists and inventors need imagination.?。ㄔ娙耍囆g(shù)家和發(fā)明家都需要想像力。）
10.underlying adj. 在下面的；根本的；潛在的
1）There are underlying similarities between all human beings.
（人與人之間有著潛在的相似之處。）
2）The underlying theme of the novel is very serious. （這本小說的潛在主題是極其嚴(yán)肅的。）
3）Can you understand the underlying meaning of what he said？?。隳芾斫馑f的話的含義嗎？）
4）The underlying structure of this building is no doubt very firm. （這座樓的底層結(jié)構(gòu)無疑是牢固的。）
11.motive n. reason， purpose （動(dòng)機(jī)，目的）
1）Greed was his only motive for receiving bribery. （貪婪是他受賄的原因。）
2）His motive in coming was a wish to achieve mutual understanding. （他來的動(dòng)機(jī)是想達(dá)成相互理解。）
3）The little boy opened his sister's mail through motives of curiosity. （那個(gè)小男孩出于好奇打開了姐姐的郵件。）
4）You should question his motive before you approve his conduct. （在你贊同他的所作所為之前應(yīng)該先質(zhì)詢他的動(dòng)機(jī)。）
12.subtlety n. delicacy；sensitivity 微妙之處，細(xì)微之處；敏銳
subtle adj. 隱約的；微妙的
1）Nobody noticed the subtlety of his remarks. （沒有人聽出他話中的微妙含義。）
2）They can sense each other's intentions with great subtlety. （他們能敏銳地感覺到彼此的意圖。）
3）It is difficult for people from other cultures to master the subtleties of the American joke.
（對于來自其他文化的人來說掌握美國笑話的微妙之處是困難的。）
4）His whole attitude has undergone a subtle change. （他的整個(gè)態(tài)度已經(jīng)有了微妙的變化。）
5）He dwelt on the subtle distinction between the two words.
（他詳述兩個(gè)詞詞義的細(xì)微差別。）
13.moral adj. 有道德的 n. 道德；寓意
1）He complained that he had witnessed a fall in moral standards.
（他抱怨說他目睹了道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的衰落。）
2）Parents are responsible for the children's moral welfare.
（父母應(yīng)對孩子道德上的健康成長負(fù)責(zé)。）
3）The moral of the story was “A friend in need is a friend indeed ”。
（這個(gè)故事的教益是“患難之交見真情?！保?BR> 4）I don't know what moral to draw from all this. （我不知道從所有這一切中應(yīng)得出何種教訓(xùn)。）
5）He has no morals and will do anything for money. （他毫無道德，為了錢什么都干得出來。）
14.recovery n. 康復(fù)；收回
recover v. 恢復(fù)；收復(fù)；挽回
1）He is recovered from his illness.?。ㄋ鸦謴?fù)了健康。）
2）She recovered her strength after two days'rest.?。ń?jīng)過兩天的休息，她恢復(fù)了力氣。）
3）The police recovered the stolen watch. （警察追回了失竊的手表。）
4）He said he had to work hard to recover the lost time. （他說他得努力工作，把失去的時(shí)間補(bǔ)回來。）
5）Mr. Wang insisted that the economic recovery was still slow. （王先生堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇還太緩慢。）
6）She made a remarkable recovery from the illness.?。ㄋ钊梭@異地從那場疾病中康復(fù)了。）
7）The recovery of the lost wallet thrilled the whole family.?。ㄊ溴X包的復(fù)得使全家人興奮不已。）