自考“英語(yǔ)(二)”完整講義(10)

字號(hào):

in case 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句, 譯為:“以防萬(wàn)一,以免”
    You may find yourself facing one interviewer or a panel. The latter is far more intimidating, but do not let it worry you too much.
    The interviewer will probably have a table in front of him/her. Do not put your things or arms on it.
    If you have a bag or a case, put it on the floor beside your chair. Do not clutch it nervously or, worse still, drop it, spilling everything.
    Shake hands if the interviewer offers his hand first. There is little likelihood that a panel of five wants to go though the process of all shaking hands with you in turn. So you do not be upset if no one offers.
    Shake hands firmly?。?a weak hand suggests a weak personality, and a crushing grip is obviously painful. Do not drop the hand as soon as yours has touched it as this will seem to show you do not like the other person.
    Speak politely and naturally even if you are feeling shy. Think before you answer any questions.
    If you cannot understand ask: “Would you mind rephrasing the question, please?” The question will then be repeated in different words.
    If you are not definitely accepted or turned down on the spot, ask: “when may I expect to hear the results of this interview?”
    If you do receive a letter offering you the job, you must reply by letter (keep a photocopy) as soon as possible.
    Good luck !
    語(yǔ) 法 As的用法
    I.語(yǔ) 法
    1.AS的用法
    (1)用作介詞時(shí)的基本詞義,“作為,擔(dān)任”,“像,似”。
    介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中可擔(dān)任的成分:狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)
    (2)用作副詞表示程度,as … as … 結(jié)構(gòu)中
    (3)用作連詞,引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句(比較、讓步、時(shí)間、原因和方式狀語(yǔ)從句)
    (4)用作關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,
    (5)As用于常用習(xí)語(yǔ)中
    2.過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、不定式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別
    分詞作定語(yǔ):
    過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞、代詞,表示被動(dòng)、已經(jīng)完成。
    現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞、代詞,表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行。
    單個(gè)分詞一般置于所修飾的詞之前,但也有例外。
    例如 an extended family 一個(gè)擴(kuò)展了的家庭 / a singing girl 一個(gè)唱歌的女孩
    a developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 / a developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家
    the people concerned 有關(guān)人員
    分詞短語(yǔ)一般放在所修飾的詞之后,例如:
    A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action.
    Have the letter inviting you for an interview …
    現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式和過(guò)去分詞都表示被動(dòng),區(qū)別在于前者表示修飾的詞正在承受的行為,而后者表示修飾的詞已承受過(guò)了的行為。
    例如: The problem being discussed is important. 正在討論的這個(gè)問(wèn)題很重要。
    The problem discussed yesterday was important. 昨天討論的那個(gè)問(wèn)題很重要。
    現(xiàn)在分詞的完成主動(dòng)式,表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。having done
    現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式,表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)被完成。the decision having been made
    不定式作定語(yǔ)
    不定式作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)放在所修飾的中心詞之后。例如:We have plenty of work to do.
    一般來(lái)講,不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),表示動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生。另外,還要注意的是不定式有三種時(shí)態(tài),也有被動(dòng)態(tài)。
    3.分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)
    為了表示明確的時(shí)間或條件,有時(shí)常在分詞前面加上when, while, even if, even though, unless 等連詞作時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)。