4.“have their passports removed”是 have+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。
“removed” 是過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示被動(dòng)，意為“使得護(hù)照被拿走”。
例如： have my wallet stolen， have the radio repaired
making … impossible 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
本句意思：他們?cè)谏眢w上、性和心理上遭受凌辱。他們還會(huì)被收去護(hù)照，使得出走或“逃跑”根本不可能。
第二部分：
paras. 3－8
The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicised cases. In one of them， a Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder， despite protests from various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. Groups like Anti-Slavery International say other， less dramatic， cases are equally deserving of attention， such as that of Lydia Garcia， a Filipino maid working in London：
5.The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world 在句中作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)是received 受到， “in several highly publicized cases”的意思是“在幾個(gè)被高度曝光的案例中”。
本句意思：今年年初，幾個(gè)透明度頗高的案例中有關(guān)世界各地的家庭女傭的悲慘狀況受到新聞媒體的關(guān)注。
“I was hired by a Saudi diplomat directly from the Philippines to work in London in 1989. I was supposed to be paid ￡ 120 but I never received that amount. They always threatened that they would send me back to my country.”
6.句中“being convicted of murder”為動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式作介詞 “after”的賓語(yǔ)，表示“被判為謀殺罪”?！皌hat”引導(dǎo)protests 的同位語(yǔ)從句，表示*的內(nèi)容。本句意思：其中一個(gè)案例是講一位菲律賓女傭因被指控犯有謀殺罪在新加坡被處死，盡管有來(lái)自各地的*認(rèn)為她的罪名不足以成立。
Para.5
Then there is the case of Kumari from Sri Lanka. The main breadwinner in her family， she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. Because she found it difficult to feed her four children， she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. She says she felt like a prisoner at the London house where she worked.
7.The main breadwinner in her family， she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. She 是同位語(yǔ) used to do sth. 過(guò)去經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作
“No days off - ever， no breaks at all， no proper food. I didn‘t have my own room； I slept on a shelf with a space of only three feet above me. I wasn’t allowed to talk to anybody. I wasn‘t even allowed to open the window. My employers always threatened to report me to the Home Office or the police.
Para.7
At the end of 1994 the British Government introduced new measures to help protect domestic workers from abuse by their employers. This included increasing the minimum age of employees to 18， getting employees to read and understand an advice leaflet， getting employers to agree to provide adequate maintenance and conditions， and to put in writing the main terms and conditions of the job （of which the employees should see a copy）。
8.include后要接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 increasing， getting， 和getting 均為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，作included的賓語(yǔ)，表示新措施包括的三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。
“to agree”和 “to put” 并列作第二個(gè)getting的賓補(bǔ)。
“to put in writing the main terms and conditions…的正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)閠o put the main terms and conditions …
in writing ， 因?yàn)樽髻e補(bǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)較短，而賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，故把賓補(bǔ)提前。
本句意思：措施包括把雇工的最小年齡提高到18歲，使受雇者能閱讀并理解通告單，使雇主同意提供適當(dāng)?shù)纳钯M(fèi)用和條件，并寫出工作條件和主要的工作條款（受雇者應(yīng)有此種副本）。
Para.8
However， many people doubt whether this will successfully reduce the incidence of abuse. For the main problem facing overseas maids and domestics who try to complain about cruel living and working conditions is that they do not have independent immigrant status and so cannot change employer. （They are allowed in the United Kingdom under a special concession in the immigration rules which allow foreigners to bring domestic staff with them.） So if they do complain， they risk being deported.
該句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)為 “For …problem … is that …?！?“facing”為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾problem.“who”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾 “maids and domestics”。
本句意思是：因?yàn)槟切┢髨D*惡劣生活和工作條件的外籍女傭和家仆所面臨的主要問(wèn)題是他們沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的移民身份，因此不能更換雇主。
第三部分
Para.9
Allowing domestic workers the freedom to seek the same type of work but with a different employer， if they so choose， is what groups like Anti-Slavery International are campaigning the Government for. It is， they say， the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.
10.allowing ……動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)
if they so choose…… 條件狀語(yǔ)從句
what 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，what groups … are campaigning the Government for .
We are campaining the Government for human rights.
This key is what I am looking for .
11.“it is …。 Which …”為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)。 “they say” 為插入語(yǔ) .
to distinguish … from 把…區(qū)分開(kāi)
本句意思：他們說(shuō)，正是有權(quán)改變雇主的這一做法區(qū)分了雇傭制和奴隸制
“removed” 是過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示被動(dòng)，意為“使得護(hù)照被拿走”。
例如： have my wallet stolen， have the radio repaired
making … impossible 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
本句意思：他們?cè)谏眢w上、性和心理上遭受凌辱。他們還會(huì)被收去護(hù)照，使得出走或“逃跑”根本不可能。
第二部分：
paras. 3－8
The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicised cases. In one of them， a Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder， despite protests from various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. Groups like Anti-Slavery International say other， less dramatic， cases are equally deserving of attention， such as that of Lydia Garcia， a Filipino maid working in London：
5.The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world 在句中作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)是received 受到， “in several highly publicized cases”的意思是“在幾個(gè)被高度曝光的案例中”。
本句意思：今年年初，幾個(gè)透明度頗高的案例中有關(guān)世界各地的家庭女傭的悲慘狀況受到新聞媒體的關(guān)注。
“I was hired by a Saudi diplomat directly from the Philippines to work in London in 1989. I was supposed to be paid ￡ 120 but I never received that amount. They always threatened that they would send me back to my country.”
6.句中“being convicted of murder”為動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式作介詞 “after”的賓語(yǔ)，表示“被判為謀殺罪”?！皌hat”引導(dǎo)protests 的同位語(yǔ)從句，表示*的內(nèi)容。本句意思：其中一個(gè)案例是講一位菲律賓女傭因被指控犯有謀殺罪在新加坡被處死，盡管有來(lái)自各地的*認(rèn)為她的罪名不足以成立。
Para.5
Then there is the case of Kumari from Sri Lanka. The main breadwinner in her family， she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. Because she found it difficult to feed her four children， she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. She says she felt like a prisoner at the London house where she worked.
7.The main breadwinner in her family， she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. She 是同位語(yǔ) used to do sth. 過(guò)去經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作
“No days off - ever， no breaks at all， no proper food. I didn‘t have my own room； I slept on a shelf with a space of only three feet above me. I wasn’t allowed to talk to anybody. I wasn‘t even allowed to open the window. My employers always threatened to report me to the Home Office or the police.
Para.7
At the end of 1994 the British Government introduced new measures to help protect domestic workers from abuse by their employers. This included increasing the minimum age of employees to 18， getting employees to read and understand an advice leaflet， getting employers to agree to provide adequate maintenance and conditions， and to put in writing the main terms and conditions of the job （of which the employees should see a copy）。
8.include后要接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 increasing， getting， 和getting 均為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，作included的賓語(yǔ)，表示新措施包括的三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。
“to agree”和 “to put” 并列作第二個(gè)getting的賓補(bǔ)。
“to put in writing the main terms and conditions…的正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)閠o put the main terms and conditions …
in writing ， 因?yàn)樽髻e補(bǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)較短，而賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，故把賓補(bǔ)提前。
本句意思：措施包括把雇工的最小年齡提高到18歲，使受雇者能閱讀并理解通告單，使雇主同意提供適當(dāng)?shù)纳钯M(fèi)用和條件，并寫出工作條件和主要的工作條款（受雇者應(yīng)有此種副本）。
Para.8
However， many people doubt whether this will successfully reduce the incidence of abuse. For the main problem facing overseas maids and domestics who try to complain about cruel living and working conditions is that they do not have independent immigrant status and so cannot change employer. （They are allowed in the United Kingdom under a special concession in the immigration rules which allow foreigners to bring domestic staff with them.） So if they do complain， they risk being deported.
該句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)為 “For …problem … is that …?！?“facing”為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾problem.“who”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾 “maids and domestics”。
本句意思是：因?yàn)槟切┢髨D*惡劣生活和工作條件的外籍女傭和家仆所面臨的主要問(wèn)題是他們沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的移民身份，因此不能更換雇主。
第三部分
Para.9
Allowing domestic workers the freedom to seek the same type of work but with a different employer， if they so choose， is what groups like Anti-Slavery International are campaigning the Government for. It is， they say， the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.
10.allowing ……動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)
if they so choose…… 條件狀語(yǔ)從句
what 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，what groups … are campaigning the Government for .
We are campaining the Government for human rights.
This key is what I am looking for .
11.“it is …。 Which …”為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)。 “they say” 為插入語(yǔ) .
to distinguish … from 把…區(qū)分開(kāi)
本句意思：他們說(shuō)，正是有權(quán)改變雇主的這一做法區(qū)分了雇傭制和奴隸制