自考“英語(yǔ)(二)”完整講義(55)

字號(hào):

Para.3
    4.Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning to be seen, although to a lesser degree, in other industries as well.
    本句中, “already taking over human tasks in the automotive field” 是現(xiàn)在分詞詞組作非限定性定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。其中 “ although to a lesser degree” 是狀語(yǔ)。 “ to … degree” 表示“在某種程度上”。
    翻譯:“除了在汽車生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域替代工人勞動(dòng)外,機(jī)器人也開始在別的工業(yè)部門應(yīng)用,雖然應(yīng)用的程度上低一些?!?BR>    5.There they build electric motors, small appliances, pocket calculators, and even watches.
    在其它領(lǐng)域機(jī)器人用來(lái)做電機(jī),小的用具,袖珍計(jì)算器,甚至是手表。
    6.The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials, preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.
    句中“ nuclear power ” :核電站
    “used in nuclear power plants” 是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾“the robots”此句話謂語(yǔ)是“ handle”意思是搬運(yùn),處理。
    prevent from : 阻止做…。
    eg. The medicine will prevent you from getting cold.
    “preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation” 是分詞作狀語(yǔ)?!皃revent … from doing sth.”是固定搭配表示“阻止… 做…”
    These are the robots responsible for the reduction in job-related injuries in this new industry.
    be responsible for : 對(duì)…。負(fù)責(zé)任
    在新的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中機(jī)器人用來(lái)減少所有與工作有關(guān)的事故的發(fā)生。
    第二部分 Para.4
    7.What makes a robot a robot and not just another kind of automatic machine?
    make 可帶有雙賓語(yǔ)
    譯文:是什么使得一個(gè)機(jī)器人是機(jī)器人而不是一個(gè)自動(dòng)化機(jī)器呢?
    例如: All work and no play made Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩使杰克成了傻孩子。
    (只工作不玩耍,聰明孩子也變傻。 只會(huì)工作不會(huì)玩兒,杰克變成小傻孩兒。)
    8.Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.
    在此句中, “ in that” 是復(fù)合連詞。表示:“原因是…,因?yàn)?,在于……?可以看作是引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
    與“in that” 相類似的復(fù)合連詞還有:but that (若不是) now that (既然)等。
    (參看教材P.145的注釋4中的例句)
    9.As an example, a robot doing spot welding one month can be reprogrammed and switched to spray painting the next .
    句中doing spot welding one month 是分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾robot;
    the next相當(dāng)于 the next month 與前邊的one month 相呼應(yīng)。
    本句意思是:“例如,一個(gè)機(jī)器人這個(gè)月做點(diǎn)焊工作,下個(gè)月可以重新編程去做噴漆工作?!?BR>    10.Automatic machines, on the other hand, are not capable of many different uses; they are built to perform only one task.
    自動(dòng)化機(jī)床,沒有能力去做許多不同用途,它們被制造出來(lái)只是做一件事情。
    第三部分 Paras.5-7
    Para.5
    39.The next generation of robots will be able to see objects, will have a sense of touch, and will make critical decisions.
    下一代機(jī)器人將會(huì)有視覺、觸覺并且能夠做關(guān)鍵性的決策。
    40. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots.
    skilled是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)
    artificial : 人工的
    在微電子學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)上有專長(zhǎng)的工程技術(shù)人員正研制機(jī)器人的人工視覺。
    3.With the ability to “see”, robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of
    a stack of different kinds of materials .
    identify: 識(shí)別
    inspect: 檢查