9.“which is four hours different”是定語從句修飾zone. “ which are normally set together” 和 “ which have been reset a few hour apart” 是兩個定語從句修飾 clocks.
此句意思：然而如果你把整個身體移到一個時差4個小時的時區(qū)，兩個時鐘就不再同步，正像兩個鬧鐘通常被一起定時，但現(xiàn)在定時相差幾個小時。
10.whereas連接讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”全句的大意是：盡管兩個鬧鐘通常同時報時，但現(xiàn)在則在不同時間報時。
In time the physiological system will reset itself， but it does take time.⑾ One easily monitored rhythm is palm sweating. A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours will take eight days to readjust his palm sweat. Blood pressure， which is also rhythmical， takes four days to readjust.（12）
11.In time the physiological system will reset itself， but it does take time.
it does take time 是強調謂語動詞。經(jīng)過一段時間后，生理系統(tǒng)將會自我調整過來，但這需要時間。
12.which 引導非限制性定語從句， 修飾blood pressure.
此句意思：血壓也是有節(jié)奏性的，需要4天才能調整過來。
One reason for this discrepancy is that different bodily events are controlled by different factors. （13） The hormone cortisol， which controls salt and water excretion， is made in the morning， wherever the body is. But the growth hormone is released during sleep， whenever in the day that sleep occurs. （14 ） Normally these two hormones are separated by seven or eight hours， but if the body arrives at a destination in the early morning （local） and goes to sleep as soon as possible， the two hormones will be released simultaneously.
13.此句是一個表語從句，that 引導一個從句作表語。此句意思：出現(xiàn)這種差異的一個原因是人體的不同活動受到不同因素的支配。
14.whenever 引導時間狀語從句。Whenever in the day 意為“不管在一天中的什么時候”；that sleep 是從句的主語，that 是指示代詞修飾sleep.
全句意思：但生長激素在睡眠時才分泌，而不論一天中什么時候睡覺。
What can we do about it？ It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone. Fortunately there is a short cut. It relies on two things - the power of the stomach to regulate the timing of other events， and the pharmacological actions of coffee.
The basic assumptions are：
Coffee delays the body clock in the morning， and advances it at night. Coffee at mid-afternoon is neutral. （15）
15.該句中neutral 意為“中性的”，在這里是與上文的delay 和advance 相對，表示“既不推遲，也不提前” 譯為：下午三點左右喝咖啡對人體時鐘不起作用。
Protein in meals stimulates wakefulness， while carbohydrates promote sleep.
Putting food into an empty stomach helps synchronize the body clock.
Text B Controlling your concentration
New Words
1.span n. 1.指距，一拃寬；2.跨距；3.一段時間
2.fluctuate vi. 1.波動，起伏；2.動搖，不定；vt. 使波動，使起伏
3.fluctuation n. 波動，起伏
4.tick n.（鐘表的）滴答聲；vi.（鐘表的）滴答響
5.fade vi. 1.凋謝，枯萎；2.（顏色）褪去；
3.（聲音等）衰弱下去；vt.使褪色
6.illusion n. 錯覺；幻覺
7.duration n. 持續(xù)；持續(xù)時間
8.infrequent a. 很少發(fā)生的
9.illustration n.1.說明；2.例證，插圖
10.moderate a.1.中等的，適度的；2.溫和的，有節(jié)制的
11.distraction n.1.精神渙散，精神不集中；2.消遣，娛樂
12.distractor n. 分散注意力的東西
13.focal a.焦點的
14.remedy n. 1.治療；2.補救（法）；vt. 1.治療；2.補救，糾正
15.fearful a. 1.可怕的，嚇人的；2.害怕的，膽怯的
此句意思：然而如果你把整個身體移到一個時差4個小時的時區(qū)，兩個時鐘就不再同步，正像兩個鬧鐘通常被一起定時，但現(xiàn)在定時相差幾個小時。
10.whereas連接讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”全句的大意是：盡管兩個鬧鐘通常同時報時，但現(xiàn)在則在不同時間報時。
In time the physiological system will reset itself， but it does take time.⑾ One easily monitored rhythm is palm sweating. A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours will take eight days to readjust his palm sweat. Blood pressure， which is also rhythmical， takes four days to readjust.（12）
11.In time the physiological system will reset itself， but it does take time.
it does take time 是強調謂語動詞。經(jīng)過一段時間后，生理系統(tǒng)將會自我調整過來，但這需要時間。
12.which 引導非限制性定語從句， 修飾blood pressure.
此句意思：血壓也是有節(jié)奏性的，需要4天才能調整過來。
One reason for this discrepancy is that different bodily events are controlled by different factors. （13） The hormone cortisol， which controls salt and water excretion， is made in the morning， wherever the body is. But the growth hormone is released during sleep， whenever in the day that sleep occurs. （14 ） Normally these two hormones are separated by seven or eight hours， but if the body arrives at a destination in the early morning （local） and goes to sleep as soon as possible， the two hormones will be released simultaneously.
13.此句是一個表語從句，that 引導一個從句作表語。此句意思：出現(xiàn)這種差異的一個原因是人體的不同活動受到不同因素的支配。
14.whenever 引導時間狀語從句。Whenever in the day 意為“不管在一天中的什么時候”；that sleep 是從句的主語，that 是指示代詞修飾sleep.
全句意思：但生長激素在睡眠時才分泌，而不論一天中什么時候睡覺。
What can we do about it？ It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone. Fortunately there is a short cut. It relies on two things - the power of the stomach to regulate the timing of other events， and the pharmacological actions of coffee.
The basic assumptions are：
Coffee delays the body clock in the morning， and advances it at night. Coffee at mid-afternoon is neutral. （15）
15.該句中neutral 意為“中性的”，在這里是與上文的delay 和advance 相對，表示“既不推遲，也不提前” 譯為：下午三點左右喝咖啡對人體時鐘不起作用。
Protein in meals stimulates wakefulness， while carbohydrates promote sleep.
Putting food into an empty stomach helps synchronize the body clock.
Text B Controlling your concentration
New Words
1.span n. 1.指距，一拃寬；2.跨距；3.一段時間
2.fluctuate vi. 1.波動，起伏；2.動搖，不定；vt. 使波動，使起伏
3.fluctuation n. 波動，起伏
4.tick n.（鐘表的）滴答聲；vi.（鐘表的）滴答響
5.fade vi. 1.凋謝，枯萎；2.（顏色）褪去；
3.（聲音等）衰弱下去；vt.使褪色
6.illusion n. 錯覺；幻覺
7.duration n. 持續(xù)；持續(xù)時間
8.infrequent a. 很少發(fā)生的
9.illustration n.1.說明；2.例證，插圖
10.moderate a.1.中等的，適度的；2.溫和的，有節(jié)制的
11.distraction n.1.精神渙散，精神不集中；2.消遣，娛樂
12.distractor n. 分散注意力的東西
13.focal a.焦點的
14.remedy n. 1.治療；2.補救（法）；vt. 1.治療；2.補救，糾正
15.fearful a. 1.可怕的，嚇人的；2.害怕的，膽怯的