59. The word “burnout” (Line 4, Para.5) here refers to the state of ______.
A) being seriously burnt in the skin
B) being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C) being badly damaged by fire
D) being unable to function because of excessive use
60. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A) show that taste preference is highly subjective
B) argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C) emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D) recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
NoPage] Passage Three
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:
The concept of “environment” is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa （反之亦然）.
In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer （持有者） of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. But man, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors of
climate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.
61. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of “environment” as the author sees it?
A) Elaborate.
B) Prejudiced.
C) Faultless.
D) Oversimplified.
62. According to the author the concept of “environment” is difficult to explain because _______
A) it doesn’t distinguish between the organism and the environment
B) it involves both internal and external forces
C) the organism and the environment influence each other
D) the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear
63. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that ________.
A) biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors to man
B) man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forces
C) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environment
D) physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man
64. As for culture, the author points out that ________.
A) it develops side by side with environmental factors
B) it is also affected by environmental factors
C) it is generally accepted to be part of the environment
D) it is a product of man’s biological instincts
65. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with _______.
A) the interpretation of the term “environment”
B) the discussion on organisms and biological environment
C) the comparison between internal and external factors influencing man
D) the evaluation of man’s influence on culture
Passage Four
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:
The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school
graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this
grade 9 level had been established.
My topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. What the speaker was really saying is that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.
My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies （缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that
young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.
Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but
rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.
66. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________.
A) the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generation
B) the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enough
C) he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years
D) English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English
67. In the author’s opinion, the speaker _______.
A) gave a correct judgement of the English level of the students
B) had exaggerated the language problems of the students
C) was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs
D) could think and speak intelligently
68. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is _______.
A) neutral
B) positive
C) critical
D) compromising
69. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A) it is justifiable to include English as a school subject
B) the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level
C) English language teaching is by no means an easy job
D) Language improvement needs time and effort
70. In the passage the author argues that ______.
A) it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students
B) young people would not commit offences against the language is the teachers did their jobs properly
C) to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and ears
D) to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations
[
A) being seriously burnt in the skin
B) being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C) being badly damaged by fire
D) being unable to function because of excessive use
60. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A) show that taste preference is highly subjective
B) argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C) emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D) recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
NoPage] Passage Three
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:
The concept of “environment” is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa （反之亦然）.
In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer （持有者） of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. But man, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors of
climate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.
61. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of “environment” as the author sees it?
A) Elaborate.
B) Prejudiced.
C) Faultless.
D) Oversimplified.
62. According to the author the concept of “environment” is difficult to explain because _______
A) it doesn’t distinguish between the organism and the environment
B) it involves both internal and external forces
C) the organism and the environment influence each other
D) the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear
63. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that ________.
A) biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors to man
B) man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forces
C) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environment
D) physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man
64. As for culture, the author points out that ________.
A) it develops side by side with environmental factors
B) it is also affected by environmental factors
C) it is generally accepted to be part of the environment
D) it is a product of man’s biological instincts
65. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with _______.
A) the interpretation of the term “environment”
B) the discussion on organisms and biological environment
C) the comparison between internal and external factors influencing man
D) the evaluation of man’s influence on culture
Passage Four
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:
The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school
graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this
grade 9 level had been established.
My topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. What the speaker was really saying is that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.
My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies （缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that
young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.
Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but
rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.
66. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________.
A) the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generation
B) the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enough
C) he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years
D) English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English
67. In the author’s opinion, the speaker _______.
A) gave a correct judgement of the English level of the students
B) had exaggerated the language problems of the students
C) was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs
D) could think and speak intelligently
68. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is _______.
A) neutral
B) positive
C) critical
D) compromising
69. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A) it is justifiable to include English as a school subject
B) the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level
C) English language teaching is by no means an easy job
D) Language improvement needs time and effort
70. In the passage the author argues that ______.
A) it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students
B) young people would not commit offences against the language is the teachers did their jobs properly
C) to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and ears
D) to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations
[