一、 General concept of Marine Bills of Lading 海運提單的一般概念 (考試重點)
1-1 課文：Marine Bills of lading are used primarily in international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea.
注釋：marine bills of lading: 海運提單 primarily: 首先，起初，主要地 international sales of goods: 國際貨物的銷售 carriage: 運輸
課文意思：海運提單主要用于國際貨物銷售的海上運輸中。
1-2 課文：Definitions of the Bill of Lading vary from country to country. Broadly, the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped on board a ship, signed by the person (or his agent) contracts to carry them, and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship.(海運提單的定義，掌握)
注釋：definition: 定義 vary from: 不同 broadly: 寬廣地，廣泛, 總體而言 on board: 在船上 stating: 陳述，申明
課文意思：每個國家對于提單的定義各有不同。總體而言，提單是貨物裝船的收據(jù);它由達(dá)成貨物運輸協(xié)議的承運人簽字，上有貨物送到船上及被船方接收的條款。
1-3 課文：It is not the actual contract, but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract.
注釋：actual: 實際的，真實的 excellent: 極好的，卓越的 evidence: 證據(jù)，憑證
課文意思：提單不是實際的合同，但卻構(gòu)成據(jù)以履行合同條款極好的保證。
我國《海商法》對提單的定義：提單，是指用以證明海上貨物運輸合同和貨物已經(jīng)由承運人接收或者裝船，以及承運人保證據(jù)以交付貨物的單證。提單中載明的向記名人交付貨物，或者按照指示人的指示交付貨物，或者向提單持有人交付貨物的條款，構(gòu)成承運人據(jù)以交付貨物的保證。
1-1 課文：Marine Bills of lading are used primarily in international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea.
注釋：marine bills of lading: 海運提單 primarily: 首先，起初，主要地 international sales of goods: 國際貨物的銷售 carriage: 運輸
課文意思：海運提單主要用于國際貨物銷售的海上運輸中。
1-2 課文：Definitions of the Bill of Lading vary from country to country. Broadly, the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped on board a ship, signed by the person (or his agent) contracts to carry them, and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship.(海運提單的定義，掌握)
注釋：definition: 定義 vary from: 不同 broadly: 寬廣地，廣泛, 總體而言 on board: 在船上 stating: 陳述，申明
課文意思：每個國家對于提單的定義各有不同。總體而言，提單是貨物裝船的收據(jù);它由達(dá)成貨物運輸協(xié)議的承運人簽字，上有貨物送到船上及被船方接收的條款。
1-3 課文：It is not the actual contract, but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract.
注釋：actual: 實際的，真實的 excellent: 極好的，卓越的 evidence: 證據(jù)，憑證
課文意思：提單不是實際的合同，但卻構(gòu)成據(jù)以履行合同條款極好的保證。
我國《海商法》對提單的定義：提單，是指用以證明海上貨物運輸合同和貨物已經(jīng)由承運人接收或者裝船，以及承運人保證據(jù)以交付貨物的單證。提單中載明的向記名人交付貨物，或者按照指示人的指示交付貨物，或者向提單持有人交付貨物的條款，構(gòu)成承運人據(jù)以交付貨物的保證。