由于新聞報道需要經(jīng)常直率或含蓄地轉(zhuǎn)述、援引新聞人物或其他有關(guān)人士的談話,因此,英語報刊頻頻出現(xiàn)表示“某某人說的”的“說”(say)。但是,事實上,新聞報道所涉及到的說話人的神態(tài)和語氣在不同場合或氛圍中不盡相同,這是“say”這個中性詞所無法確切體現(xiàn)的。為此,英語記者有時酌情選用一些表達“說話”之意的近義詞,以彌補“say”這個中性詞在涵義、修辭色彩方面的缺憾。這樣,不僅可避免say一詞的重復(fù)出現(xiàn),又能使報道文筆增色不少。
例如下面一篇新聞報道就擷選了多種有關(guān)“說”的近義詞,請留意劃線部分:
Chinese Ambassador on Sino-U.S. Tie The new Chinese ambassador to the United states has urged Americans to consider the British agreement to return Hong Kong to China as an example for Taiwan,warning that U.S.-Taiwan ties could lead to serious friction with Beijing. In an interview with a news agency, Han Xu,the third Chinese ambassador to U.S. since China-U.s.ties were restored in l979, noted other problems in relations, including the deadlock over nuclear cooperation caused largely by Beijing's refusal to accept U.S. controls. He also mentioned points of discord on trade. But he emphasized the Taiwan question,which he called a crucial issue.Mr. Han warned that the United States must carry out its pledge to stop supplying weapons to Taiwan,and voiced regret at the slowness with which the sales were being reduced. Mr. Han noted that this year,the United States was selling 760 million dollars worth of arms to Taiwan,“a cut of 20 million dollars per year.”
“By this speed,”he continued,“it would take 38 years more. I have no chance to see the solution in my life. The speed is too slow. We expected it not to be so slow.”
Mr. Han also denounced the use of a nominally unofficial body,the coordination council for North America, to retain U.S.-Taiwan ties. The U.S. granting of diplomatic privileges to Taiwanese members of this body, he added,constituted a violation of Chinese sovereignty.中國大使談中美關(guān)系中國新任駐美國大使力勸美國以英國將香港主權(quán)歸還給中國的協(xié)定為榜樣,來解決臺灣問題,并警告說美國同臺灣的關(guān)系可能導(dǎo)致它同北京的嚴重不和。 韓敘是1979年中美關(guān)系恢復(fù)以來的第三任駐美大使,他在接受一家通訊社的采訪中提到了兩國關(guān)系中的其他問題,其中包括主要因北京拒絕接受美國的控制而出現(xiàn)的核合作上的僵局。他還提到了兩國貿(mào)易上存在的一些分歧。
但是,他特別強調(diào)臺灣問題,說這是一個“關(guān)鍵性問題”。他告誡美國應(yīng)履行諾言,停止向臺灣出售武器,并對美國在減少出售武器上的緩慢速度表示遺憾。
韓先生說,今年美國向臺灣出售了價值為7.6億美元的武器,“每年只減少2000萬美元?!?BR> “照這樣的速度,”他說,“還要38年的時間,我在有生之年是看不到它的結(jié)局了。這種速度太慢了,我們不希望如此緩慢?!?BR> 韓先生還譴責(zé)了美國利用北美協(xié)調(diào)委員會這一名義上非官方的機構(gòu)來維持同臺灣的關(guān)系。他說美國允許臺灣人員在這一機構(gòu)中享有外交特權(quán),這構(gòu)成了對中國主權(quán)的侵犯。
這類同義詞在英語新聞報道中屢見不鮮,值得讀者在學(xué)習(xí)、辨析英語同義詞時加以注意和收集?,F(xiàn)再列出一些經(jīng)常見諸報端表示“說”的近義動詞,供參考:
acknowlege 承認add 接著說;又說admit 承認affirm 肯定;確認allege宣稱analyze 分析道announce 宣布argue 爭辯;主張assert 斷言boast 夸口說caution 告誡說claim 聲稱complain 抱怨說concede承認conclude 斷定;下結(jié)論confess 供認;承認contend 爭辯continue 接著說contradict 反駁;否定declare 聲明聲稱deny 否認disclose 透露elaborate 詳細述說emphasize 詳述;闡明exclaim 大聲說;呼喊explain 解釋說go on 繼續(xù)說;接著說imply 暗示insist堅持說;主張maintain 主張;認為note 談及;表明object 提出異議;反對;反駁observe 評述pledge 保證proclaim 宣告;聲明protest *reaffirm 重申reiterate 重申remark 議論reply 回答refute 反駁reveal 透露state 聲明;聲稱stress 著重說;強調(diào)suggest 建議tell 告訴;告知urge 敦促;力勸warn 警告說;告誡
例如下面一篇新聞報道就擷選了多種有關(guān)“說”的近義詞,請留意劃線部分:
Chinese Ambassador on Sino-U.S. Tie The new Chinese ambassador to the United states has urged Americans to consider the British agreement to return Hong Kong to China as an example for Taiwan,warning that U.S.-Taiwan ties could lead to serious friction with Beijing. In an interview with a news agency, Han Xu,the third Chinese ambassador to U.S. since China-U.s.ties were restored in l979, noted other problems in relations, including the deadlock over nuclear cooperation caused largely by Beijing's refusal to accept U.S. controls. He also mentioned points of discord on trade. But he emphasized the Taiwan question,which he called a crucial issue.Mr. Han warned that the United States must carry out its pledge to stop supplying weapons to Taiwan,and voiced regret at the slowness with which the sales were being reduced. Mr. Han noted that this year,the United States was selling 760 million dollars worth of arms to Taiwan,“a cut of 20 million dollars per year.”
“By this speed,”he continued,“it would take 38 years more. I have no chance to see the solution in my life. The speed is too slow. We expected it not to be so slow.”
Mr. Han also denounced the use of a nominally unofficial body,the coordination council for North America, to retain U.S.-Taiwan ties. The U.S. granting of diplomatic privileges to Taiwanese members of this body, he added,constituted a violation of Chinese sovereignty.中國大使談中美關(guān)系中國新任駐美國大使力勸美國以英國將香港主權(quán)歸還給中國的協(xié)定為榜樣,來解決臺灣問題,并警告說美國同臺灣的關(guān)系可能導(dǎo)致它同北京的嚴重不和。 韓敘是1979年中美關(guān)系恢復(fù)以來的第三任駐美大使,他在接受一家通訊社的采訪中提到了兩國關(guān)系中的其他問題,其中包括主要因北京拒絕接受美國的控制而出現(xiàn)的核合作上的僵局。他還提到了兩國貿(mào)易上存在的一些分歧。
但是,他特別強調(diào)臺灣問題,說這是一個“關(guān)鍵性問題”。他告誡美國應(yīng)履行諾言,停止向臺灣出售武器,并對美國在減少出售武器上的緩慢速度表示遺憾。
韓先生說,今年美國向臺灣出售了價值為7.6億美元的武器,“每年只減少2000萬美元?!?BR> “照這樣的速度,”他說,“還要38年的時間,我在有生之年是看不到它的結(jié)局了。這種速度太慢了,我們不希望如此緩慢?!?BR> 韓先生還譴責(zé)了美國利用北美協(xié)調(diào)委員會這一名義上非官方的機構(gòu)來維持同臺灣的關(guān)系。他說美國允許臺灣人員在這一機構(gòu)中享有外交特權(quán),這構(gòu)成了對中國主權(quán)的侵犯。
這類同義詞在英語新聞報道中屢見不鮮,值得讀者在學(xué)習(xí)、辨析英語同義詞時加以注意和收集?,F(xiàn)再列出一些經(jīng)常見諸報端表示“說”的近義動詞,供參考:
acknowlege 承認add 接著說;又說admit 承認affirm 肯定;確認allege宣稱analyze 分析道announce 宣布argue 爭辯;主張assert 斷言boast 夸口說caution 告誡說claim 聲稱complain 抱怨說concede承認conclude 斷定;下結(jié)論confess 供認;承認contend 爭辯continue 接著說contradict 反駁;否定declare 聲明聲稱deny 否認disclose 透露elaborate 詳細述說emphasize 詳述;闡明exclaim 大聲說;呼喊explain 解釋說go on 繼續(xù)說;接著說imply 暗示insist堅持說;主張maintain 主張;認為note 談及;表明object 提出異議;反對;反駁observe 評述pledge 保證proclaim 宣告;聲明protest *reaffirm 重申reiterate 重申remark 議論reply 回答refute 反駁reveal 透露state 聲明;聲稱stress 著重說;強調(diào)suggest 建議tell 告訴;告知urge 敦促;力勸warn 警告說;告誡