成 形容詞和副詞在單項(xiàng)填空中的考點(diǎn)歸納
一、考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法
形容詞在句中一般作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語，而副詞在句中主要作狀語。如：
（1）Tom sounds very much ______ in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it.
A. interested B. interesting
C. interestingly D. interestedly
解析：句中sounds意為"聽起來"，是系動詞，后接表語，要用形容詞，排除C和D；又因表示"對……感興趣"，用interested.答案是A.
（2）We don't care if a hunting dog smells ______, but we really don't want him to smell______.
A. well; well B. bad; badly
C. well; badly D. badly; bad
解析：句意是："我們不在乎獵狗聞
起來難聞，但是我們確實(shí)不希望它的嗅覺力差。"前者smell是系動詞，后接形容詞，后者smell是行為動詞，用副詞來修飾；此外well作形容詞是表示人身體好、氣色好，用在此句中不行，只能作副詞用。答案是B
三、考查多個形容詞作定語的排序
多個形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其排序規(guī)律是：（限定詞+程度副詞+）
描繪+大?。ㄩL短、高低）+形狀+年齡（新舊）+顏色+國籍或產(chǎn)地+物質(zhì)材料+類別或用途+名詞。如：
（5） John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car.
A. large German white B. large white German
C. white large German D. German large white
解析：large是"大小"，German是"產(chǎn)地"，white是"顏色"；其排列順序應(yīng)當(dāng)是"大小+顏色+產(chǎn)地".故選B.
（6）______ students are required to take part in the boat race.
A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese
解析：根據(jù)"限定詞+形容詞+名詞"，數(shù)詞屬于限定詞，選出A和B來；再根據(jù)"描繪（strong）+大小（young）+國籍（Chinese）"，所以選A.
四、考查副詞在句中的位置規(guī)律
副詞修飾形容詞或其它副詞時(shí)，一般位于被修飾詞的前面，但enough卻要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞的后面。如：
（7）Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way ______ to the Home Cirele Building.
A. easy enough B. enough easy
C. easily enough D. enough easily
解析：因make one's way to是固定詞組，意為"前往"，修飾動詞made要用副詞，排除選項(xiàng)A和B；副詞enough修飾形容詞或副詞，要放在后面，排除D.答案是C.
（8） If I had ______, I'd visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places.
A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday
C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough
解析：形容詞long要放所修飾的名詞holiday前；副詞enough要放在所修飾的long之后，故選A.
六、考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異
即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加ly構(gòu)成的副詞的區(qū)別。如：
（11）It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______to her mother.
A. close B. closely
C. closed D. closing
解析：因緊靠母親站著，是指實(shí)際距離近，用與形容詞同形的副詞close，故選A.選項(xiàng)C的closely一般指抽象意義，如listen closely（仔細(xì)聽）。
七、考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級
1. as+形容詞/副詞原級+as
（12）A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _____ strong as 113 miles per hour.
A. too B. very
C. so D. as
解析：as…as固定搭配。答案是D.
（13）John is the tallest boy in the class, ________ according to himself.
A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight
C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as
解析：as tall as five foot eight = as tall as five feet eight inches高達(dá)五英尺八英寸。答案是B.
（14）John plays football________, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as
C. so well D. so well as
解析：句意是："John踢足球不比David更好，也會和他一樣好。"從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，去掉插入語if not better than，就更清楚地知道用as well as，肯定句中不用so…as.答案是B.
2. not as/so+原級+as
（15） He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ______a native speaker.
A. as fluent as B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
解析：修飾動詞speaks要用副詞，排除A和B；又因than前必須是比較級，排除D；只有選項(xiàng)C正確。
（16）-Do you have a big library?"
-No, we don't─at least, not ________yours.
A. bigger as B. as big as
C. as big than D. as bigger than
解析：由語境可知，是要表達(dá)"至少沒有你們的圖書館那么大"，表示"不如"是"not as+原級+as".答案是B.
3. as +形容詞+（a/an+）名詞+as
（17）Our neighbour has ______ ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as
解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，選B.
（18）It is generally believed that teaching is ________it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
解析：由固定搭配"as+形容詞+[（a/an+）名詞]+as"可排除選項(xiàng)A，B和C.答案是D.
4. 比較級，A or B?
（18）Which do you think tastes________, the chicken or the fish?
A. well B. good C. better D. best
解析：兩者之間比較，要用比較級。答案是C.
（24）Although Linda tried hard in the exam, she did ______ than her brother.
A. more badly B. much better
C. much badly D. much worse
解析：由than可知用比較級，排除選項(xiàng)C；badly的比較級是worse，而不是在前面加more，排除選項(xiàng)A；由although（雖然……但是……）可知，她比她兄弟考得差，排除選項(xiàng)B.答案是D.
（25）This year they have produced ________grain ________they did last year.
A. as less; as B. as few; as
C. less; than D. fewer; than
解析：因as…as之間要用原級，排除A；又因grain是不可數(shù)名詞，而few是要放在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前的，排除B和D.答案是C.
6. 隱含式比較級
有時(shí)省略或不點(diǎn)明被比較的對象，而是通過語境來暗示被比較的對象。
（26）I wish you'd do ______ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less B. any less
C. much more D. a little more
解析：由more work和后面一句可知前面是less talking，排除C和D；這是肯定句，修飾比較級不用any，用a bit與some相對應(yīng)。答案是A.
（27）I don't think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen______ .
A. better B. worse
C. the best D. the worst
解析：由前文"我認(rèn)為這部電影不是最沒趣的"可知，"我看過（比這部）更差的電影"，省略了than this one.答案是B.
（28）That doesn't sound very frightening. Paul, I've seen _____. What did you like most about the film?
A. better B. worse
C. best D. worst
解析：由前句"這聽起來并不十分令人恐懼"可知，說話人曾見過比這個更令人恐懼的事，所以用比較級worse.答案是B.
（29）John did badly in the sports meet. I did even______.
A. worst B. more bad
C. also badly D. worse
解析：后面省略了than he did，意為"我比他更差".答案是D.
（30） ―Is your headache getting _____?
―No, it's worse.
A. better B. bad
C. less D. well
解析：由答語No, it's worse.可知問句中用better，省略了than before.答案是A.
一、考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法
形容詞在句中一般作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語，而副詞在句中主要作狀語。如：
（1）Tom sounds very much ______ in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it.
A. interested B. interesting
C. interestingly D. interestedly
解析：句中sounds意為"聽起來"，是系動詞，后接表語，要用形容詞，排除C和D；又因表示"對……感興趣"，用interested.答案是A.
（2）We don't care if a hunting dog smells ______, but we really don't want him to smell______.
A. well; well B. bad; badly
C. well; badly D. badly; bad
解析：句意是："我們不在乎獵狗聞
起來難聞，但是我們確實(shí)不希望它的嗅覺力差。"前者smell是系動詞，后接形容詞，后者smell是行為動詞，用副詞來修飾；此外well作形容詞是表示人身體好、氣色好，用在此句中不行，只能作副詞用。答案是B
三、考查多個形容詞作定語的排序
多個形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其排序規(guī)律是：（限定詞+程度副詞+）
描繪+大?。ㄩL短、高低）+形狀+年齡（新舊）+顏色+國籍或產(chǎn)地+物質(zhì)材料+類別或用途+名詞。如：
（5） John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car.
A. large German white B. large white German
C. white large German D. German large white
解析：large是"大小"，German是"產(chǎn)地"，white是"顏色"；其排列順序應(yīng)當(dāng)是"大小+顏色+產(chǎn)地".故選B.
（6）______ students are required to take part in the boat race.
A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese
解析：根據(jù)"限定詞+形容詞+名詞"，數(shù)詞屬于限定詞，選出A和B來；再根據(jù)"描繪（strong）+大小（young）+國籍（Chinese）"，所以選A.
四、考查副詞在句中的位置規(guī)律
副詞修飾形容詞或其它副詞時(shí)，一般位于被修飾詞的前面，但enough卻要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞的后面。如：
（7）Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way ______ to the Home Cirele Building.
A. easy enough B. enough easy
C. easily enough D. enough easily
解析：因make one's way to是固定詞組，意為"前往"，修飾動詞made要用副詞，排除選項(xiàng)A和B；副詞enough修飾形容詞或副詞，要放在后面，排除D.答案是C.
（8） If I had ______, I'd visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places.
A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday
C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough
解析：形容詞long要放所修飾的名詞holiday前；副詞enough要放在所修飾的long之后，故選A.
六、考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異
即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加ly構(gòu)成的副詞的區(qū)別。如：
（11）It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______to her mother.
A. close B. closely
C. closed D. closing
解析：因緊靠母親站著，是指實(shí)際距離近，用與形容詞同形的副詞close，故選A.選項(xiàng)C的closely一般指抽象意義，如listen closely（仔細(xì)聽）。
七、考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級
1. as+形容詞/副詞原級+as
（12）A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _____ strong as 113 miles per hour.
A. too B. very
C. so D. as
解析：as…as固定搭配。答案是D.
（13）John is the tallest boy in the class, ________ according to himself.
A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight
C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as
解析：as tall as five foot eight = as tall as five feet eight inches高達(dá)五英尺八英寸。答案是B.
（14）John plays football________, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as
C. so well D. so well as
解析：句意是："John踢足球不比David更好，也會和他一樣好。"從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，去掉插入語if not better than，就更清楚地知道用as well as，肯定句中不用so…as.答案是B.
2. not as/so+原級+as
（15） He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ______a native speaker.
A. as fluent as B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
解析：修飾動詞speaks要用副詞，排除A和B；又因than前必須是比較級，排除D；只有選項(xiàng)C正確。
（16）-Do you have a big library?"
-No, we don't─at least, not ________yours.
A. bigger as B. as big as
C. as big than D. as bigger than
解析：由語境可知，是要表達(dá)"至少沒有你們的圖書館那么大"，表示"不如"是"not as+原級+as".答案是B.
3. as +形容詞+（a/an+）名詞+as
（17）Our neighbour has ______ ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as
解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，選B.
（18）It is generally believed that teaching is ________it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
解析：由固定搭配"as+形容詞+[（a/an+）名詞]+as"可排除選項(xiàng)A，B和C.答案是D.
4. 比較級，A or B?
（18）Which do you think tastes________, the chicken or the fish?
A. well B. good C. better D. best
解析：兩者之間比較，要用比較級。答案是C.
（24）Although Linda tried hard in the exam, she did ______ than her brother.
A. more badly B. much better
C. much badly D. much worse
解析：由than可知用比較級，排除選項(xiàng)C；badly的比較級是worse，而不是在前面加more，排除選項(xiàng)A；由although（雖然……但是……）可知，她比她兄弟考得差，排除選項(xiàng)B.答案是D.
（25）This year they have produced ________grain ________they did last year.
A. as less; as B. as few; as
C. less; than D. fewer; than
解析：因as…as之間要用原級，排除A；又因grain是不可數(shù)名詞，而few是要放在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前的，排除B和D.答案是C.
6. 隱含式比較級
有時(shí)省略或不點(diǎn)明被比較的對象，而是通過語境來暗示被比較的對象。
（26）I wish you'd do ______ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less B. any less
C. much more D. a little more
解析：由more work和后面一句可知前面是less talking，排除C和D；這是肯定句，修飾比較級不用any，用a bit與some相對應(yīng)。答案是A.
（27）I don't think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen______ .
A. better B. worse
C. the best D. the worst
解析：由前文"我認(rèn)為這部電影不是最沒趣的"可知，"我看過（比這部）更差的電影"，省略了than this one.答案是B.
（28）That doesn't sound very frightening. Paul, I've seen _____. What did you like most about the film?
A. better B. worse
C. best D. worst
解析：由前句"這聽起來并不十分令人恐懼"可知，說話人曾見過比這個更令人恐懼的事，所以用比較級worse.答案是B.
（29）John did badly in the sports meet. I did even______.
A. worst B. more bad
C. also badly D. worse
解析：后面省略了than he did，意為"我比他更差".答案是D.
（30） ―Is your headache getting _____?
―No, it's worse.
A. better B. bad
C. less D. well
解析：由答語No, it's worse.可知問句中用better，省略了than before.答案是A.