英語(yǔ)精解【7】“哥倫比亞”號(hào)航天飛機(jī)失事

字號(hào):

Shuttle Lost
    Circumstances Point to Accident;No Signs of Terror, Officials Say
    Space shuttle Columbia disintegrated 39 miles over Texas today in a meteoric streak that rained smoking debris over hundreds of miles of countryside, killing all seven astronauts.
    Suspicion immediately turned to possible damage to the left wing during liftoff.
    The catastrophe occurred in the last 16 minutes of the 16-day mission as the spaceship glided in for a landing in Florida. In its horror and in its backdrop of a crystal blue sky, the day echoed one almost exactly 17 years before, when the Challenger exploded.
    「參考譯文」
    (“哥倫比亞”號(hào))航天飛機(jī)失事
    ─失事(可能)緣于事故;官方稱沒(méi)有恐怖分子破壞的跡象
    今天,“哥倫比亞”號(hào)航天飛機(jī)在德克薩斯州上空39英里高度高速滑行過(guò)程中解體,將冒煙的殘骸拋灑在方圓數(shù)百英里范圍內(nèi)。機(jī)上七名宇航員全部遇難。
    (事故發(fā)生后)立即有人懷疑事故是由航天飛機(jī)升空時(shí)左翼可能遭受的損壞而引起的。
    這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難發(fā)生在航天飛機(jī)16天飛行任務(wù)的最后16分鐘內(nèi),此時(shí)飛行器正從太空滑翔返回(大氣層)準(zhǔn)備在佛羅里達(dá)(的卡納維拉爾角)降落。在萬(wàn)頃碧空下人們的一片驚駭中,這一天重新上演了17年前“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)凌空爆炸的悲劇。
    「精解」
    shuttle lost 為主標(biāo)題,余下的兩個(gè)為副標(biāo)題。注意,circumstances 在此的意思是“detail accompanying or surrounding an event伴隨或圍繞一個(gè)事件的細(xì)節(jié)” 例如: The level of the fine will depends on the circumstances of the case. 罰款多少要依案件的具體情況而定。此外,circumstances還可以指“經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況”,例如:  They have been living in reduced circumstances since she lost her job. 自從她失業(yè)以來(lái),他們一直過(guò)著經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)的生活?!oint to/towards, 意為“to suggest the strong possibility of; be a sign of 顯出大有可能,是…的跡象”, 又如: All the evidence points towards Randall as the murderer. 所有證據(jù)都表明蘭德爾是殺人兇手。
    Space shuttle, 即“航天飛機(jī)”,shuttle本意是織布機(jī)上的梭子,它可以用來(lái)泛指短途往返的汽車、列車或飛機(jī)(這一點(diǎn)上與commuter bus/train/airplane意思相近),當(dāng)然也可指往返于地面和太空之間的航天飛機(jī)。象下文那樣,航天飛機(jī)也可以說(shuō)成spaceship. 而spacecraft指“宇宙飛船”,兩者含義略有不同。還有,shuttle diplomacy指“穿梭外交”,用的就是比喻義了。
    Disintegrate “碎裂,崩潰”: The plane flew into a mountain, and disintegrated on impact. 飛機(jī)沖向一座山,撞得粉碎?!∵@個(gè)詞有很多意義相近的同義詞,如dismantle, disband, 以及短語(yǔ)break apart, break into pieces, fall apart等。接下來(lái)的 meteoric, 意思是“流星般的(尤指極快而短暫的)”如 a meteoric rise to fame 曇花一現(xiàn)般的成名。Streak , 線條,條紋。所以,meteoric streak 就是“流星般疾速劃過(guò)的軌跡”, 又 a streak of lightning,一道閃電。下面的rain(pour down, 傾瀉而下), 用的很形象,這里也可以用shower一詞。注意本文中在說(shuō)航天飛機(jī)殘骸的時(shí)候用了debris 一詞。Astronaut, 大家都知道是指“宇航員”,其實(shí)也可以使用crew member的。
    在第三段中,liftoff, 是指航天飛機(jī)發(fā)射升空,與之對(duì)應(yīng)的是landing或 touchdown,返回地面。Catastrophe, a great, often sudden calamity 大災(zāi)難,常指突如其來(lái)的。與其意義相近的詞還有disaster(災(zāi)難),debacle(突然的失敗、衰?。琣ccident(事故)等等。Backdrop, 背景,與background 意義相似。例如:Working time cut at Air France against backdrop of privatisation. 在私有化的背景下,法航削減了員工工作時(shí)間?!cho, to repeat, 重復(fù),這里指航天飛機(jī)墜毀的歷史重現(xiàn)。又如:The event echoed a previous incident in history. 這次事件重演了歷的一幕。