解答：選C.
這是一道主旨題，要求我們歸納文章的中心思想。速讀全文后，我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)D根本不是本文思想，應(yīng)首先排除。B與原文的意思不符合。原文第三段第一句講到美國一直有種族歧視問題，但沒有說這是美國最嚴(yán)重的問題。A是本文第一段第一句的原話，但不足以概括全文的中心思想。而文章的第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)美國所有的種族都為建設(shè)美國做出了貢獻(xiàn)，體現(xiàn)了文章的中心思想，所以C為正確答案。
（二）事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)題
這類問題要求考生找出例證、原因、時(shí)間和其它有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)或具體的數(shù)據(jù)等。細(xì)節(jié)題出題類型主要有以下幾種：
1. According to the author， it is true that …
2. According to the passage， who （what， where， when）…… ？
3. How many （much）…… in this article？
4. In what way…… ？
5. In what year…… ？
6. What do we know about…… ？
7. Why is （are）…… ？
例如：
Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess， if they are proper1y used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt， children would p1ay it until their hands were burnt away. Similarly， if pain existed but fear did not， a child would burn itself again and again， because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burn it before. A real1y fearless soldier —— and some do exist —— is not a good soldier because he is soon killed； and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might and die out.
In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be proper1y used. If， for example， you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car， you are letting fear rule you too much. Even in your house you are not absolutely safe： an airplane may crash on your house， or ants may eat away some of the beams in your roof so that the latter falls on you， or you may get cancer！
The important thing is not to let fear rule you， but instead to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers； then you have to decide what action to take.
In many cases， you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example， you see a car coming straight towards you； fear warns you， you jump out of the way， and all is well.
In some cases， however， you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For examp1e， you cannot prevent an airplane crashing onto your house. In this case， fear has given you its warning； you have examined it and decided on your course， of action， so fear of this particular danger is no longer of any use to you， and you have to try to overcome it.
Question： Children wou1d p1ay with fire until their hands were burnt away if ______.
A. they were given no warning beforehand
B. they had never burnt themselves
C. they had no sense of pain
D. they were fearful of the fire
解答：選C.
本題是問文章中的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話：“If fire did not hurt when it burnt，…”可以判斷C項(xiàng)為正確答案。
（三）推斷、引申題
該題形難度較大，要求考生在理解原文的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)文章中所闡述的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)和上下文的暗示與線索進(jìn)行綜合分析，然后做出推斷或引申出合情合理的結(jié)論。
這種題型的常用提問方式有：
1） According to the article， many people may…。
2） An inference which may （not） be made from the article is…
3） In the paragraph following this one， we may expect the author to discuss…
4） It can be concluded from the passage that…
5） The paragraph preceding （following） this one may discuss…。
6） The passage implies that…
7） We can conclude （infer， see） from the article that…。
8） What conclusion can be drawn from the passage？‘
9） Where wou1d this paragraph most probab1y appear？
10） Which of the following can （not） be inferred from the article？
例如：
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as we1l as those of a myriad of services， including labor， transportation， and public–utility services. The interrelationships of al1 these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad， complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything e1se.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”， many would rep1y that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or， in other words， that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. The definition is， of course， valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction， much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and seller should be familiar with not only the money amount， but with the amount and qua1ity of the product or service to be exchanged， the time and place at which the exchange will take p1ace and payment will be made， the form of money to be used， the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction， guarantees on the product or service， delivery terms， return privileges， and other factors. In other words， both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked—for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
Question： The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses_______.
A. unusual ways to advertise products
B. types of payment plans for service
C. theories about how products affect different levels of society
D. how certain elements of price “package” influence its market value
解答：選D.
本題要求推斷本文后續(xù)段落的段意。根據(jù)文章最后一句“…both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors…in order that they may evaluate a given price.”買賣雙方都要了解所有價(jià)格體系的決定因素，以便對(duì)實(shí)際價(jià)格做出評(píng)估。后面的段落將按邏輯討論這些要素，由此選擇D為答案。
（四）正誤判斷題
通常詢問文章中所述的事情是否真實(shí)，某種提法是否正確或文章（作者）是否提及某事。常見題形如下：
1） All of the following are true except……
2） The author （passage） does not tell us……
3） The author mentions all of the items 1isted below except……
4） Which of the following does not explain…… ？
5） Which of the following is NOT listed as…… ？
6） Which of the following is （not） mentioned in the article？
7） Which of the following statements is （not） true？
8） Which of the following statements is wrong according to the author？
例如：
How men first learnt to invent words is unknown； in other words， the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men， unlike animals， somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings， actions and things， so that they could communicate with each other； and that later they agreed upon certain signs， called letters， which could be combined to represent those sounds， and which could be written down. Those sounds， whether spoken or written in letters， we call words.
The power of words， then， lies in their associations —— the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience； and the longer we live， the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past； and the more we read and 1earn， the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but a1so express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all， the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music， and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately， or they wil1 make our speech silly and dull.
Question： Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true？
A. He is no more a master of words than an ordinary person.
B. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.
C. He can move men to tears.
D. His style is a1ways charming.
解答：選A.
這是一道是非題，需要找出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章最后一段，B，C，D三個(gè)
選項(xiàng)都是對(duì)的，必須排除。而A項(xiàng)說：一位真正的詩人并不比普通人能更好地掌握和運(yùn)用
詞語。這一說法顯然是不對(duì)的（NOT true about the real poet），正符合題意。 A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
這是一道主旨題，要求我們歸納文章的中心思想。速讀全文后，我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)D根本不是本文思想，應(yīng)首先排除。B與原文的意思不符合。原文第三段第一句講到美國一直有種族歧視問題，但沒有說這是美國最嚴(yán)重的問題。A是本文第一段第一句的原話，但不足以概括全文的中心思想。而文章的第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)美國所有的種族都為建設(shè)美國做出了貢獻(xiàn)，體現(xiàn)了文章的中心思想，所以C為正確答案。
（二）事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)題
這類問題要求考生找出例證、原因、時(shí)間和其它有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)或具體的數(shù)據(jù)等。細(xì)節(jié)題出題類型主要有以下幾種：
1. According to the author， it is true that …
2. According to the passage， who （what， where， when）…… ？
3. How many （much）…… in this article？
4. In what way…… ？
5. In what year…… ？
6. What do we know about…… ？
7. Why is （are）…… ？
例如：
Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess， if they are proper1y used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt， children would p1ay it until their hands were burnt away. Similarly， if pain existed but fear did not， a child would burn itself again and again， because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burn it before. A real1y fearless soldier —— and some do exist —— is not a good soldier because he is soon killed； and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might and die out.
In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be proper1y used. If， for example， you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car， you are letting fear rule you too much. Even in your house you are not absolutely safe： an airplane may crash on your house， or ants may eat away some of the beams in your roof so that the latter falls on you， or you may get cancer！
The important thing is not to let fear rule you， but instead to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers； then you have to decide what action to take.
In many cases， you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example， you see a car coming straight towards you； fear warns you， you jump out of the way， and all is well.
In some cases， however， you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For examp1e， you cannot prevent an airplane crashing onto your house. In this case， fear has given you its warning； you have examined it and decided on your course， of action， so fear of this particular danger is no longer of any use to you， and you have to try to overcome it.
Question： Children wou1d p1ay with fire until their hands were burnt away if ______.
A. they were given no warning beforehand
B. they had never burnt themselves
C. they had no sense of pain
D. they were fearful of the fire
解答：選C.
本題是問文章中的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話：“If fire did not hurt when it burnt，…”可以判斷C項(xiàng)為正確答案。
（三）推斷、引申題
該題形難度較大，要求考生在理解原文的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)文章中所闡述的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)和上下文的暗示與線索進(jìn)行綜合分析，然后做出推斷或引申出合情合理的結(jié)論。
這種題型的常用提問方式有：
1） According to the article， many people may…。
2） An inference which may （not） be made from the article is…
3） In the paragraph following this one， we may expect the author to discuss…
4） It can be concluded from the passage that…
5） The paragraph preceding （following） this one may discuss…。
6） The passage implies that…
7） We can conclude （infer， see） from the article that…。
8） What conclusion can be drawn from the passage？‘
9） Where wou1d this paragraph most probab1y appear？
10） Which of the following can （not） be inferred from the article？
例如：
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as we1l as those of a myriad of services， including labor， transportation， and public–utility services. The interrelationships of al1 these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad， complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything e1se.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”， many would rep1y that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or， in other words， that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. The definition is， of course， valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction， much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and seller should be familiar with not only the money amount， but with the amount and qua1ity of the product or service to be exchanged， the time and place at which the exchange will take p1ace and payment will be made， the form of money to be used， the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction， guarantees on the product or service， delivery terms， return privileges， and other factors. In other words， both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked—for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
Question： The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses_______.
A. unusual ways to advertise products
B. types of payment plans for service
C. theories about how products affect different levels of society
D. how certain elements of price “package” influence its market value
解答：選D.
本題要求推斷本文后續(xù)段落的段意。根據(jù)文章最后一句“…both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors…in order that they may evaluate a given price.”買賣雙方都要了解所有價(jià)格體系的決定因素，以便對(duì)實(shí)際價(jià)格做出評(píng)估。后面的段落將按邏輯討論這些要素，由此選擇D為答案。
（四）正誤判斷題
通常詢問文章中所述的事情是否真實(shí)，某種提法是否正確或文章（作者）是否提及某事。常見題形如下：
1） All of the following are true except……
2） The author （passage） does not tell us……
3） The author mentions all of the items 1isted below except……
4） Which of the following does not explain…… ？
5） Which of the following is NOT listed as…… ？
6） Which of the following is （not） mentioned in the article？
7） Which of the following statements is （not） true？
8） Which of the following statements is wrong according to the author？
例如：
How men first learnt to invent words is unknown； in other words， the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men， unlike animals， somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings， actions and things， so that they could communicate with each other； and that later they agreed upon certain signs， called letters， which could be combined to represent those sounds， and which could be written down. Those sounds， whether spoken or written in letters， we call words.
The power of words， then， lies in their associations —— the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience； and the longer we live， the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past； and the more we read and 1earn， the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but a1so express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all， the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music， and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately， or they wil1 make our speech silly and dull.
Question： Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true？
A. He is no more a master of words than an ordinary person.
B. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.
C. He can move men to tears.
D. His style is a1ways charming.
解答：選A.
這是一道是非題，需要找出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章最后一段，B，C，D三個(gè)
選項(xiàng)都是對(duì)的，必須排除。而A項(xiàng)說：一位真正的詩人并不比普通人能更好地掌握和運(yùn)用
詞語。這一說法顯然是不對(duì)的（NOT true about the real poet），正符合題意。 A項(xiàng)為正確答案。