賴世雄高級18課
Hi, everybody, welcome again to Radio English on Sunday.
This is Bruce,
/ and this is Peter,
/ Today we produce unit eighteen for you, Hot Animals Around the World: the Koala.
/ Thank you. You are talking about me?
/ Let's find out by reading through the material, but first I want to remind you that in your book we have several hot animals around the world. We looked at the chameleon already, and today we are looking at the koala. We have a couple more fascinating animals for you later in the book, so make sure you have your book and the book will help you to keep a record of all this information that can be useful or interesting to you later. So let's take a look at our koala friends.
Why are all those people standing in line in the hot sun at the zoo? Maybe the zoo just opened a koala exhibit. With the survival rate of native Australian koalas on the rise, more and more zoos around the world are adding a koala house, or koala exhibit to their roster of special animals. And the people keep coming, whether merely to catch a glimpse one or if really lucky, at zoos which permit it, to hold and be photographed with one.
_________roster,
n.
A list, especially of names.
花名冊，登記表
A list of the names of military officers and enlisted personnel enrolled for active duty.
值勤人員表軍官和入伍的現(xiàn)役軍人的名單
So we start with saying how popular the koala is, people are willing to stand in line, sometimes for hours, just to see one, or if they are lucky enough, to be photographed with one, you can hold one in some zoos and be photographed with one, and I should mention that good zoos make sure that koalas do not get too tired. For example, they may have a limit of one koala per hour, and then they would change the koala, so that each koala does not have to work too hard, because they are very special or sensitive animals.
/ ..very sensitive. Usually we use this preposition "to" together with this word "sensitive to someone". Notice also here, at the line two, we have this word "exhibit". Obviously this is a noun in this case, but it can also be used as a verb, "to exhibit something, to display something. " But, "display", by the same token, can also be used as a noun. ...use them together...use this preposition "on". "On display", or "on exhibition", by the way.
/ Many books are on display at the book show. 展出，
/ Many books are on exhibition at the book show, book fair,
/ lucky, adj, luck, n,
As luck would have it,
/ "As luck would have it" refers to something unexpected that happens, but this unexpected thing is good. For example, maybe you want to go on a picnic, but the weather has been bad all week, but as luck would have it, Saturday turned out to be a beautiful day. So, it rained Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, but on Saturday it cleared up. We went up into the mountains and had a wonderful picnic, as luck would have it.
/ 其實(shí)就等于一個(gè)副詞， luckily.
/ Right. Luckily, it cleared up on Saturday. Or, fortunately, Saturday turned out to be a fine day.
Now let's take a look at our second paragraph and introduce more to what koalas look like.
Why are koalas among the most beloved of all animals? At times referred to koala bear, this Australian marsupial is not a bear at all. It is one of the few tailless mammals besides and apes and man. Yet, apes are not often considered cuddly. Indeed, they are often feared for being either too large or too naughty. This Australian real-life teddy bear, instead, is the best of all world: it is quiet, soft, neither too large nor too small, adults are usually sixty five to eighty centimeters long, and really cuddly. With its soft fur, leathery nose, rounded ears and big eyes, most people seem to melt when near one. Its disposition is perfect for children, and adults alike; It rarely makes a fuss, even when being held. Try that with a baby tiger. No wonder the lines to see, hold or just touch the koalas are always among the longest at zoos.
____________marsupial
n.
Any of various nonplacental mammals of the order Marsupialia, including kangaroos, opossums, bandicoots, and wombats, found principally in Australia and the Americas.
有袋（目）動物有袋目的無胎盤哺乳動物的一種，包括袋鼠、負(fù)鼠、袋貍和毛鼻袋熊，主要生活在澳大利亞和美洲
marsupial
adj.
Of or belonging to the order Marsupialia.
有袋目動物的屬于有袋目動物的，有袋目動物的
Of or relating to a marsupium.
育兒袋的育兒袋的或與育兒袋有關(guān)的
So we find out from this paragraph why koalas are so popular. Just like the doll, the teddy bear, the koala, or koala bear, seems to be a living teddy bear, or a living doll. It's soft; it's not that big; it has rounded ears and big eyes; it's very cute. And because it's soft, we say it's cuddly to hold. By the way, I did try to hold the baby tiger at a zoo,
/ Mmm?
/ and very very naughty. They move around a lot; they are very fussy, or they make fuss a lot, even though they are so cute. But koalas are very slow. They just sit there, like Peter. :P
/ Hehe, very tame.
/ Tame, good word.
/ beloved, to be beloved of ...
He is beloved of all his students.
He is loved by all his students,
He is well liked by all his students.
/ Ok, shall we go ahead?
/ Please.
/ Let's turn the page and find out more about koalas.
0803
One reason zoos today are able to keep koalas is the rise in the koala population in its native habitat, the (Udolictis 地名？樹名？) forests of Southeastern Australia. This nation, famous for its unique fauna and flora, is now allowing applications for the professional export of its protected species to overseas zoological gardens. Once hunted for its fur, this arboreal leaf-eater is protected by stringent laws and is making a slow but steady comeback. Indeed, everything about the koala seems slow. It sleeps more than twelve hours a day, often much more; eats only choice leaves from (Ukolictis 樹名) trees, which can now be grown in many zoos to provide the more than one kilogram of leaves that each adult koala needs per day. And rarely, if at all, descends to the ground, because it is such a slow runner. From wild Australian dogs called Dingoes, or from human hunters. As koalas are such a great draw for visitors, many zoos are trying to include them among their species.
_________fauna,
Animals, especially the animals of a particular region or period, considered as a group.
動物群尤指某一特定地區(qū)或某一特定時(shí)期的動物群
A catalog of the animals of a specific region or period.
動物志某一特定區(qū)域或某一特定時(shí)期動物的目錄冊
n
動物群；動物區(qū)系；動物志
the fauna of the forest
森林的野生動物
_________flora,
Plants considered as a group, especially the plants of a particular country, region, or time.
植物群尤指某一特定國家、地區(qū)或時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是一群落的植物
A treatise describing the plants of a region or time.
植物志一本專門描寫一個(gè)地區(qū)或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的植物群落的書
n.
(pl. floras, florae [5flC:ri:])
植物群(某一地區(qū)或某一時(shí)代的一切植物)
植物區(qū)系; 植物志
the flora and fauna of Africa
非洲的動植物
_________arboreal,
adj.
Relating to or resembling a tree.
樹的與樹有關(guān)的或類似樹的
Living in trees; arboreous:
在樹林中生活的；多樹的：
arboreal apes.
生活在樹林中的猿
_________stringent,
adj.
Imposing rigorous standards of performance; severe:
嚴(yán)格的對行為要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的：
stringent safety measures.
嚴(yán)格的安全措施
adj
苛刻的，必須嚴(yán)格遵守的（規(guī)則）
adj.
迫切的; 緊要的
缺乏現(xiàn)金的
嚴(yán)苛的
有說服力的
stringent necessity
緊急需要
stringent budget
拮據(jù)的預(yù)算
stringent laws
嚴(yán)苛的法律
stringent arguments
有力的論據(jù)
We learn about the natural habitat of koalas from this paragraph, they are native to the Southeastern (Udolictic) forests in Australia. Australia has many special animals, and koala is an arboreal leaf-eater. This means that it lives in trees and eats the leaves from the trees. In fact at one time, the koala almost finished game over, we say became extinct, however, it has been making a slow but steady comeback; the number of koala are again beginning to increase. We also learn that koalas are pretty lazy. They sleep more than half the day, just sit and eat leaves and almost never go down to the ground, because for them it's dangerous. Wild Australian dogs called dingoes or human hunters could easily catch them on the ground. So they rarely, if ever, leave their trees.
/ teddy bear.
/ It has to do with a man named (Sealto Rosbelt, 人名， 羅斯福什么什么的), very interesting story. The President of the US, one hundred years ago, from, I think was eighteen ninety eight to nineteen O two, during this time, (Sealto Orsbelt) was a great conservationist; he appreciated nature and was one of the first Americans to think about protecting the environment. One day while hunting, people asked him to shoot a baby bear, I think he had shot the big bear, the mother or father bear, and they said go ahead and shoot the baby too, and he said, no no, first of all, you shouldn't kill babies, second, the baby will eventually grow into another adult to make more bears or to be used in sport. And after this they called the bear the teddy bear. Because (Sealdo), the short form for that Englishman's name (Sealdo) is Teddy. So they started to call this teddy bear.
/ ..wild Australian dogs call dingoes,
/ Right. There are many such animals; there are wild horses, and wild (newls) and wild dogs, that ..wild camels, ..
/ yeah, they used to be domesticated.
/ Yeah, they used to be tame as you taught us. And now they are wild.
Ok, let's go ahead and find out about mother koalas.
1248
Mother koalas give birth to babies only every other year. These young ones, as with other marsupials, spend a period of time inside the mother's "pouch" before venturing out into the world. In the case of the koala, this pouch is located below and in back of the mother. The small koalas can climb out directly from the pouch and onto the mother's back before learning to feed and fend for themselves. With all other marsupials, the pouch is located in the front, perhaps most famously with the kangaroo, where the joey can sometimes be seen popping its head out of its soft, warm pouch to survey the world about it safely.
________marsupial
n.
Any of various nonplacental mammals of the order Marsupialia, including kangaroos, opossums, bandicoots, and wombats, found principally in Australia and the Americas.
有袋（目）動物有袋目的無胎盤哺乳動物的一種，包括袋鼠、負(fù)鼠、袋貍和毛鼻袋熊，主要生活在澳大利亞和美洲
marsupial
adj.
Of or belonging to the order Marsupialia.
有袋目動物的屬于有袋目動物的，有袋目動物的
Of or relating to a marsupium.
育兒袋的育兒袋的或與育兒袋有關(guān)的
________fend for,
fend for
籌措; 扶養(yǎng)
fend for oneself
自己謀生; 照料自己
fend,
fend
v.intr.
To make an effort to resist:
抵抗作出努力抵制：
fend against the cold.
抵抗嚴(yán)寒
To attempt to manage without assistance:
自立在沒有幫助的情況下設(shè)法應(yīng)付：
The children had to fend for themselves while their parents worked.
孩子們在父母工作的時(shí)候不得不自己照料自己
vt, vi
（與for連用）謀生
to fend for oneself
自己謀生
（常與off連用）擋開；避開
________pouch,
n.
A small bag often closing with a drawstring and used especially for carrying loose items in one's pocket.
拉線袋用拉線拉緊袋口的一種小袋，尤用于裝口袋中的零碎物品
A bag or sack used to carry mail or diplomatic dispatches.
袋子用于裝信件或外交信函的郵袋或文件袋
A leather bag or case for carrying powder or small-arms ammunition.
（皮制）彈藥袋，彈藥盒用來裝槍藥或小型武器之彈藥的皮革袋子或箱子
A sealed plastic or foil container used in packaging frozen or dehydrated food.
塑膠封袋用來裝冰凍或蒸干食物的密封的塑料或箔制容器
Something resembling a bag in shape:
袋狀物與袋子形狀相似的東西：
one's pouches under one's eyes.
眼睛下面的眼袋
Zoology
【動物學(xué)】
A saclike structure, such as the cheek pockets of the gopher or the external abdominal pocket in which marsupials carry their young.
袋狀結(jié)構(gòu)袋狀結(jié)構(gòu)，如地鼠的臉頰袋或袋鼠腹部外面的用來裝其幼獸的袋子
n
（隨身帶的）煙荷包
（動物的）頰袋
（袋鼠等的）育兒袋
袋狀皮摺；憩室
Here we find out about marsupial babies. They, like other mammals, are started from an egg, and grow up inside the mother, but unlike most mammals, the spend a period of time in a pocket, or pouch before they are ready to jump out or crawl out into the world. For the koala, the pouch is below and in back of the mother, whereas safe for the kangaroo, maybe the most famous marsupial, the pouch is in the front of the mother. So sometimes you can see the baby's head and the baby kangaroo is called "joey" in Australian dialect. You can sometimes see the little head (peaking) out from the pouch and looking around as the mother stands and protects her baby.
/ How come nowhere else can we find marsupials?
/ That's because Australia as a continent, was separated from all the continents long long ago, so their mammals became quite different from the others.
Ok, next paragraph, next page. 1529
Until the nineteen eighty's, zoologists feared that the koala might go the way of some other rare marsupials, just as their (Ukliktic 樹名) habitat was being destroyed to make room for the ever-increasing suburban Australians, diseases peculiar to koalas began to take their toll. Combined with weak or non-existent laws against the hunting or poaching of this national treasure, the koalas seemed doomed to extinction. Today, the koala has climbed back from the brink of extinction is thriving again. Its main enemy today is forest fires: this slow-moving mammal cannot move quickly enough to escape the deadly fires which perennially ravage the land. With more land being set aside to protect this and other Australian species, however, the future of much of this special land's animal wealth seems secure.
________ravage, ------------> devastate, v,
v.tr.
To bring heavy destruction on; devastate:
毀滅產(chǎn)生巨大的災(zāi)難；徹底毀壞：
A tornado ravaged the countryside.
一陣摧毀了鄉(xiāng)村的龍卷風(fēng)
To pillage; sack:
劫掠；搶劫：
Enemy soldiers ravaged the village.
敵軍士兵洗劫了城鎮(zhèn)
ravage
v.intr.
To wreak destruction.
產(chǎn)生毀滅
ravage
n.
The act or practice of pillaging, destroying, or devastating.
蹂躪搶劫，毀壞或毀滅的行為
Grievous damage; havoc:
災(zāi)難極大的損失；災(zāi)禍：
the ravages of disease.
疾病的毀減性
n
災(zāi)害；損害
（常用pl）（常與of連用）殘跡，破壞的結(jié)果
the ravages of war
戰(zhàn)爭的創(chuàng)傷
vt.,
vi.
摧殘; 蹂躪; 破壞; 使荒廢; 劫掠
The forest fire ravaged many miles of country.
森林大火使數(shù)英里范圍的農(nóng)村遭到破壞。
devastate, 第一音節(jié)重讀!
____________set aside, 在本課中是“留出，”
Here we are talking about the situation of koalas. Not very long ago, when zoologists, these are biologists who study animals, fear that the koala might become extinct. No more koalas. But the government began to protect them, and more importantly, to protect land where koalas live naturally, so that no one could hunt or poach there. "Poach" means that you hunt illegally. So they protect the animal, and today the biggest enemy of the koala is the forest fires, which unfortunately kill more than koala, they kill people, too. Australia has many natural fires every year; they are very big, fast-moving, and dangerous.
/ Because of the dry weather over there.
/ It's very dry in Australia.
/ So natural fires can happen very easily. ____________這個(gè)happen聽了好一會兒才聽出來。 ：(
/ Yes, like on the west coast of the US, or in Northern China, during dry periods.
/ Now we have this word on line four of this paragraph, "peculiar to...", nice expression! It's a little bit like "native to...",
to be peculiar to,
to be native to,
to be indigenous to, 是...所獨(dú)有的，
This kind of animal to peculiar to that island. ..
..is native to..
..or is indigenous to,
/ So here is one for you, see if you remember this one,
The (Pocupine) is indigenous to North America.
___________indigenous,
adj.
Originating and growing or living in an area or environment.
當(dāng)?shù)氐?，本土的起源于并生長或生存在一個(gè)地區(qū)或環(huán)境里的
See: native
Intrinsic; innate.
內(nèi)在的必然的；固有的
adj
土產(chǎn)的；本地的
Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.
袋鼠為澳大利亞所產(chǎn)。
The indigenous method costs less money.
土辦法少花錢。
adj.
天生的, 固有的
本地產(chǎn)的, 土生土長的
feelings indigenous to human beings
人類固有的感情
use indigenousraw materials
就地取材
Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.
印第安人是美洲的土著居民。
Ok, let's finish up with our concluding paragraph.1855
All animals deserve man's protection, but some animals seem to attract the attention they need. The koala, one of the symbols of the Great Down Under, is one of these. Holding a koala is fun, educational and inspiring. If Australians could cooperate to save this special species, mankind should be able to prevent the extinction of all other animals, too.
We should remember that once an animal becomes extinct, it is gone forever; we cannot bring it back. No matter where we live in the world, whether it is Down Under, which means Australia, or China, Japan, North America, Europe and so on, we must all cooperate to make sure that future generations will also have cute, cuddly koalas as well as all other animals species to appreciate.
/ ..there's no doubt about that.
attention, 有一個(gè)用法，to stand at attention, 立正，站好，始終用 at attention 的連用。
When we saw the teacher walking in, we all stood at attention.
extinction,
to be on the verge of extinction,
..many animals are on the verge of extinction.
/ on the brink of extinction, on the edge of extinction.
Well, now let's go back for our final rereading of "hot animals around the world, the koala."
/ And sometimes I do wish that I were an animal so that somebody could put me in the zoo and I didn't have to go to school, nor did I have to ...
/ Wow, you are in luck; you are an animal. You are a party animal.
/ :D a party animal, 專門吃喝玩樂的人，
That's for today. Please join us again next week. We'll talk about Asian Americans.
__________________Pan. 2003. 10.5
***********************************************************************************************
Lesson 18, Hot Animals Around the World: The Koala 世界熱門動物：無尾熊
Why are all those people standing in line in the hot sun at the zoo? Maybe the zoo just opened a koala exhibit. With the suvival rate of native Australian koalas on the rise, more and more zoos around the world are adding a "koala house" or "koala exhibit" to their roster of special animals. And the people keep coming, whether merely to catch a glimpse of one or, if really lucky at zoos which permit it, to hold and be photographed with one.
Why are koalas among the most beloved of all animals? At times referred to as "koala bear", this Australian marsupial is not a bear at all. It is one of the few tailless mammals beside the apes and man. Yet apes are not often considered cuddly; indeed, they are often feared for being either too large or too naughty. This Australian real-life teddy bear, instead, is the best of all worlds: it is quiet, soft, neither too large nor too small (adults are usually 65 to 80 cm. long), and really cuddly! With its soft fur, leathery nose, rounded ears, and big eyes, most people seem to melt when near one. Its disposition is perfect for children and adults alike; it rarely makes a fuss, even when being held. (Try that with a baby tiger!) No wonder the lines to see, hold, or just touch the koalas are always among the longest at zoos.
One reason zoos today are able to keep koalas is the rise in the koala population in its native habitat, the eucalyptus forests of southeastern Australia. This nation, famous for its unique fauna and flora, is now allowing applications for the professional export of its protected species to overseas zoological gardens. Once hunted for its fur, this arboreal leaf-eater is today protected by stringent laws and is making a slow but steady comeback. Indeed, everything about the koala seems slow. It sleeps more than 12 hours a day (often much more), eats only choice leaves from eucalyptus trees (which can now be grown in many zoos to provide the more than one kilogram of leaves that each adult koala needs per day), and rarely if at all descends to the ground because it is such a slow runner (from wild Australian dogs called dingoes or from human hunters). As koalas are such a great draw for visitors, many zoos are trying to include them among their species.
Mother koalas give birth to babies only every other year. These young ones, as with other marsupials, spend a period of time inside the mother's "pouch" before venturing out into the world. In the case of the koala, this pouch is located below and in back of the mother; the small koalas can climb out directly from the pouch and onto the mothers back before learning to feed and fend for themselves. With all other marsupials, the pouch is located in the front, perhaps most famously with the kangaroo, where the "joey" can sometimes be seen popping its head out of its soft, warm pouch to survey the world about it safely.
Until the 1980s, zoologists feared that the koala might go the way of some other rare marsupials. Just as their eucalyptus habitat was being destroyed to make room for the ever-increasing suburban Australians, diseases peculiar to koalas began to take their toll. Combined with weak or non-existent laws against the hunting or poaching of this national treasure, the koala seemed doomed to extinction. Today, the koala has climbed back from the brink of extinction and is thriving again. Its main enemy today is forest fires. This slow-moving mammal cannot move quickly enough to escape the deadly fires which perennially ravage the land. With more land being set aside to protect this and other Australian species, however, the future of much of this special land's animal wealth seems secure.
All animals deserve man's protection, but some animals seem to attract the attention they need. The koala, one of the symbols of the great Down Under, is one of these. Holding a koala is fun, educational, and inspiring. If Australians could cooperate to save this special species, mankind should be able to preven the extinction of all other animals, too.
Hi, everybody, welcome again to Radio English on Sunday.
This is Bruce,
/ and this is Peter,
/ Today we produce unit eighteen for you, Hot Animals Around the World: the Koala.
/ Thank you. You are talking about me?
/ Let's find out by reading through the material, but first I want to remind you that in your book we have several hot animals around the world. We looked at the chameleon already, and today we are looking at the koala. We have a couple more fascinating animals for you later in the book, so make sure you have your book and the book will help you to keep a record of all this information that can be useful or interesting to you later. So let's take a look at our koala friends.
Why are all those people standing in line in the hot sun at the zoo? Maybe the zoo just opened a koala exhibit. With the survival rate of native Australian koalas on the rise, more and more zoos around the world are adding a koala house, or koala exhibit to their roster of special animals. And the people keep coming, whether merely to catch a glimpse one or if really lucky, at zoos which permit it, to hold and be photographed with one.
_________roster,
n.
A list, especially of names.
花名冊，登記表
A list of the names of military officers and enlisted personnel enrolled for active duty.
值勤人員表軍官和入伍的現(xiàn)役軍人的名單
So we start with saying how popular the koala is, people are willing to stand in line, sometimes for hours, just to see one, or if they are lucky enough, to be photographed with one, you can hold one in some zoos and be photographed with one, and I should mention that good zoos make sure that koalas do not get too tired. For example, they may have a limit of one koala per hour, and then they would change the koala, so that each koala does not have to work too hard, because they are very special or sensitive animals.
/ ..very sensitive. Usually we use this preposition "to" together with this word "sensitive to someone". Notice also here, at the line two, we have this word "exhibit". Obviously this is a noun in this case, but it can also be used as a verb, "to exhibit something, to display something. " But, "display", by the same token, can also be used as a noun. ...use them together...use this preposition "on". "On display", or "on exhibition", by the way.
/ Many books are on display at the book show. 展出，
/ Many books are on exhibition at the book show, book fair,
/ lucky, adj, luck, n,
As luck would have it,
/ "As luck would have it" refers to something unexpected that happens, but this unexpected thing is good. For example, maybe you want to go on a picnic, but the weather has been bad all week, but as luck would have it, Saturday turned out to be a beautiful day. So, it rained Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, but on Saturday it cleared up. We went up into the mountains and had a wonderful picnic, as luck would have it.
/ 其實(shí)就等于一個(gè)副詞， luckily.
/ Right. Luckily, it cleared up on Saturday. Or, fortunately, Saturday turned out to be a fine day.
Now let's take a look at our second paragraph and introduce more to what koalas look like.
Why are koalas among the most beloved of all animals? At times referred to koala bear, this Australian marsupial is not a bear at all. It is one of the few tailless mammals besides and apes and man. Yet, apes are not often considered cuddly. Indeed, they are often feared for being either too large or too naughty. This Australian real-life teddy bear, instead, is the best of all world: it is quiet, soft, neither too large nor too small, adults are usually sixty five to eighty centimeters long, and really cuddly. With its soft fur, leathery nose, rounded ears and big eyes, most people seem to melt when near one. Its disposition is perfect for children, and adults alike; It rarely makes a fuss, even when being held. Try that with a baby tiger. No wonder the lines to see, hold or just touch the koalas are always among the longest at zoos.
____________marsupial
n.
Any of various nonplacental mammals of the order Marsupialia, including kangaroos, opossums, bandicoots, and wombats, found principally in Australia and the Americas.
有袋（目）動物有袋目的無胎盤哺乳動物的一種，包括袋鼠、負(fù)鼠、袋貍和毛鼻袋熊，主要生活在澳大利亞和美洲
marsupial
adj.
Of or belonging to the order Marsupialia.
有袋目動物的屬于有袋目動物的，有袋目動物的
Of or relating to a marsupium.
育兒袋的育兒袋的或與育兒袋有關(guān)的
So we find out from this paragraph why koalas are so popular. Just like the doll, the teddy bear, the koala, or koala bear, seems to be a living teddy bear, or a living doll. It's soft; it's not that big; it has rounded ears and big eyes; it's very cute. And because it's soft, we say it's cuddly to hold. By the way, I did try to hold the baby tiger at a zoo,
/ Mmm?
/ and very very naughty. They move around a lot; they are very fussy, or they make fuss a lot, even though they are so cute. But koalas are very slow. They just sit there, like Peter. :P
/ Hehe, very tame.
/ Tame, good word.
/ beloved, to be beloved of ...
He is beloved of all his students.
He is loved by all his students,
He is well liked by all his students.
/ Ok, shall we go ahead?
/ Please.
/ Let's turn the page and find out more about koalas.
0803
One reason zoos today are able to keep koalas is the rise in the koala population in its native habitat, the (Udolictis 地名？樹名？) forests of Southeastern Australia. This nation, famous for its unique fauna and flora, is now allowing applications for the professional export of its protected species to overseas zoological gardens. Once hunted for its fur, this arboreal leaf-eater is protected by stringent laws and is making a slow but steady comeback. Indeed, everything about the koala seems slow. It sleeps more than twelve hours a day, often much more; eats only choice leaves from (Ukolictis 樹名) trees, which can now be grown in many zoos to provide the more than one kilogram of leaves that each adult koala needs per day. And rarely, if at all, descends to the ground, because it is such a slow runner. From wild Australian dogs called Dingoes, or from human hunters. As koalas are such a great draw for visitors, many zoos are trying to include them among their species.
_________fauna,
Animals, especially the animals of a particular region or period, considered as a group.
動物群尤指某一特定地區(qū)或某一特定時(shí)期的動物群
A catalog of the animals of a specific region or period.
動物志某一特定區(qū)域或某一特定時(shí)期動物的目錄冊
n
動物群；動物區(qū)系；動物志
the fauna of the forest
森林的野生動物
_________flora,
Plants considered as a group, especially the plants of a particular country, region, or time.
植物群尤指某一特定國家、地區(qū)或時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是一群落的植物
A treatise describing the plants of a region or time.
植物志一本專門描寫一個(gè)地區(qū)或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的植物群落的書
n.
(pl. floras, florae [5flC:ri:])
植物群(某一地區(qū)或某一時(shí)代的一切植物)
植物區(qū)系; 植物志
the flora and fauna of Africa
非洲的動植物
_________arboreal,
adj.
Relating to or resembling a tree.
樹的與樹有關(guān)的或類似樹的
Living in trees; arboreous:
在樹林中生活的；多樹的：
arboreal apes.
生活在樹林中的猿
_________stringent,
adj.
Imposing rigorous standards of performance; severe:
嚴(yán)格的對行為要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的：
stringent safety measures.
嚴(yán)格的安全措施
adj
苛刻的，必須嚴(yán)格遵守的（規(guī)則）
adj.
迫切的; 緊要的
缺乏現(xiàn)金的
嚴(yán)苛的
有說服力的
stringent necessity
緊急需要
stringent budget
拮據(jù)的預(yù)算
stringent laws
嚴(yán)苛的法律
stringent arguments
有力的論據(jù)
We learn about the natural habitat of koalas from this paragraph, they are native to the Southeastern (Udolictic) forests in Australia. Australia has many special animals, and koala is an arboreal leaf-eater. This means that it lives in trees and eats the leaves from the trees. In fact at one time, the koala almost finished game over, we say became extinct, however, it has been making a slow but steady comeback; the number of koala are again beginning to increase. We also learn that koalas are pretty lazy. They sleep more than half the day, just sit and eat leaves and almost never go down to the ground, because for them it's dangerous. Wild Australian dogs called dingoes or human hunters could easily catch them on the ground. So they rarely, if ever, leave their trees.
/ teddy bear.
/ It has to do with a man named (Sealto Rosbelt, 人名， 羅斯福什么什么的), very interesting story. The President of the US, one hundred years ago, from, I think was eighteen ninety eight to nineteen O two, during this time, (Sealto Orsbelt) was a great conservationist; he appreciated nature and was one of the first Americans to think about protecting the environment. One day while hunting, people asked him to shoot a baby bear, I think he had shot the big bear, the mother or father bear, and they said go ahead and shoot the baby too, and he said, no no, first of all, you shouldn't kill babies, second, the baby will eventually grow into another adult to make more bears or to be used in sport. And after this they called the bear the teddy bear. Because (Sealdo), the short form for that Englishman's name (Sealdo) is Teddy. So they started to call this teddy bear.
/ ..wild Australian dogs call dingoes,
/ Right. There are many such animals; there are wild horses, and wild (newls) and wild dogs, that ..wild camels, ..
/ yeah, they used to be domesticated.
/ Yeah, they used to be tame as you taught us. And now they are wild.
Ok, let's go ahead and find out about mother koalas.
1248
Mother koalas give birth to babies only every other year. These young ones, as with other marsupials, spend a period of time inside the mother's "pouch" before venturing out into the world. In the case of the koala, this pouch is located below and in back of the mother. The small koalas can climb out directly from the pouch and onto the mother's back before learning to feed and fend for themselves. With all other marsupials, the pouch is located in the front, perhaps most famously with the kangaroo, where the joey can sometimes be seen popping its head out of its soft, warm pouch to survey the world about it safely.
________marsupial
n.
Any of various nonplacental mammals of the order Marsupialia, including kangaroos, opossums, bandicoots, and wombats, found principally in Australia and the Americas.
有袋（目）動物有袋目的無胎盤哺乳動物的一種，包括袋鼠、負(fù)鼠、袋貍和毛鼻袋熊，主要生活在澳大利亞和美洲
marsupial
adj.
Of or belonging to the order Marsupialia.
有袋目動物的屬于有袋目動物的，有袋目動物的
Of or relating to a marsupium.
育兒袋的育兒袋的或與育兒袋有關(guān)的
________fend for,
fend for
籌措; 扶養(yǎng)
fend for oneself
自己謀生; 照料自己
fend,
fend
v.intr.
To make an effort to resist:
抵抗作出努力抵制：
fend against the cold.
抵抗嚴(yán)寒
To attempt to manage without assistance:
自立在沒有幫助的情況下設(shè)法應(yīng)付：
The children had to fend for themselves while their parents worked.
孩子們在父母工作的時(shí)候不得不自己照料自己
vt, vi
（與for連用）謀生
to fend for oneself
自己謀生
（常與off連用）擋開；避開
________pouch,
n.
A small bag often closing with a drawstring and used especially for carrying loose items in one's pocket.
拉線袋用拉線拉緊袋口的一種小袋，尤用于裝口袋中的零碎物品
A bag or sack used to carry mail or diplomatic dispatches.
袋子用于裝信件或外交信函的郵袋或文件袋
A leather bag or case for carrying powder or small-arms ammunition.
（皮制）彈藥袋，彈藥盒用來裝槍藥或小型武器之彈藥的皮革袋子或箱子
A sealed plastic or foil container used in packaging frozen or dehydrated food.
塑膠封袋用來裝冰凍或蒸干食物的密封的塑料或箔制容器
Something resembling a bag in shape:
袋狀物與袋子形狀相似的東西：
one's pouches under one's eyes.
眼睛下面的眼袋
Zoology
【動物學(xué)】
A saclike structure, such as the cheek pockets of the gopher or the external abdominal pocket in which marsupials carry their young.
袋狀結(jié)構(gòu)袋狀結(jié)構(gòu)，如地鼠的臉頰袋或袋鼠腹部外面的用來裝其幼獸的袋子
n
（隨身帶的）煙荷包
（動物的）頰袋
（袋鼠等的）育兒袋
袋狀皮摺；憩室
Here we find out about marsupial babies. They, like other mammals, are started from an egg, and grow up inside the mother, but unlike most mammals, the spend a period of time in a pocket, or pouch before they are ready to jump out or crawl out into the world. For the koala, the pouch is below and in back of the mother, whereas safe for the kangaroo, maybe the most famous marsupial, the pouch is in the front of the mother. So sometimes you can see the baby's head and the baby kangaroo is called "joey" in Australian dialect. You can sometimes see the little head (peaking) out from the pouch and looking around as the mother stands and protects her baby.
/ How come nowhere else can we find marsupials?
/ That's because Australia as a continent, was separated from all the continents long long ago, so their mammals became quite different from the others.
Ok, next paragraph, next page. 1529
Until the nineteen eighty's, zoologists feared that the koala might go the way of some other rare marsupials, just as their (Ukliktic 樹名) habitat was being destroyed to make room for the ever-increasing suburban Australians, diseases peculiar to koalas began to take their toll. Combined with weak or non-existent laws against the hunting or poaching of this national treasure, the koalas seemed doomed to extinction. Today, the koala has climbed back from the brink of extinction is thriving again. Its main enemy today is forest fires: this slow-moving mammal cannot move quickly enough to escape the deadly fires which perennially ravage the land. With more land being set aside to protect this and other Australian species, however, the future of much of this special land's animal wealth seems secure.
________ravage, ------------> devastate, v,
v.tr.
To bring heavy destruction on; devastate:
毀滅產(chǎn)生巨大的災(zāi)難；徹底毀壞：
A tornado ravaged the countryside.
一陣摧毀了鄉(xiāng)村的龍卷風(fēng)
To pillage; sack:
劫掠；搶劫：
Enemy soldiers ravaged the village.
敵軍士兵洗劫了城鎮(zhèn)
ravage
v.intr.
To wreak destruction.
產(chǎn)生毀滅
ravage
n.
The act or practice of pillaging, destroying, or devastating.
蹂躪搶劫，毀壞或毀滅的行為
Grievous damage; havoc:
災(zāi)難極大的損失；災(zāi)禍：
the ravages of disease.
疾病的毀減性
n
災(zāi)害；損害
（常用pl）（常與of連用）殘跡，破壞的結(jié)果
the ravages of war
戰(zhàn)爭的創(chuàng)傷
vt.,
vi.
摧殘; 蹂躪; 破壞; 使荒廢; 劫掠
The forest fire ravaged many miles of country.
森林大火使數(shù)英里范圍的農(nóng)村遭到破壞。
devastate, 第一音節(jié)重讀!
____________set aside, 在本課中是“留出，”
Here we are talking about the situation of koalas. Not very long ago, when zoologists, these are biologists who study animals, fear that the koala might become extinct. No more koalas. But the government began to protect them, and more importantly, to protect land where koalas live naturally, so that no one could hunt or poach there. "Poach" means that you hunt illegally. So they protect the animal, and today the biggest enemy of the koala is the forest fires, which unfortunately kill more than koala, they kill people, too. Australia has many natural fires every year; they are very big, fast-moving, and dangerous.
/ Because of the dry weather over there.
/ It's very dry in Australia.
/ So natural fires can happen very easily. ____________這個(gè)happen聽了好一會兒才聽出來。 ：(
/ Yes, like on the west coast of the US, or in Northern China, during dry periods.
/ Now we have this word on line four of this paragraph, "peculiar to...", nice expression! It's a little bit like "native to...",
to be peculiar to,
to be native to,
to be indigenous to, 是...所獨(dú)有的，
This kind of animal to peculiar to that island. ..
..is native to..
..or is indigenous to,
/ So here is one for you, see if you remember this one,
The (Pocupine) is indigenous to North America.
___________indigenous,
adj.
Originating and growing or living in an area or environment.
當(dāng)?shù)氐?，本土的起源于并生長或生存在一個(gè)地區(qū)或環(huán)境里的
See: native
Intrinsic; innate.
內(nèi)在的必然的；固有的
adj
土產(chǎn)的；本地的
Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.
袋鼠為澳大利亞所產(chǎn)。
The indigenous method costs less money.
土辦法少花錢。
adj.
天生的, 固有的
本地產(chǎn)的, 土生土長的
feelings indigenous to human beings
人類固有的感情
use indigenousraw materials
就地取材
Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.
印第安人是美洲的土著居民。
Ok, let's finish up with our concluding paragraph.1855
All animals deserve man's protection, but some animals seem to attract the attention they need. The koala, one of the symbols of the Great Down Under, is one of these. Holding a koala is fun, educational and inspiring. If Australians could cooperate to save this special species, mankind should be able to prevent the extinction of all other animals, too.
We should remember that once an animal becomes extinct, it is gone forever; we cannot bring it back. No matter where we live in the world, whether it is Down Under, which means Australia, or China, Japan, North America, Europe and so on, we must all cooperate to make sure that future generations will also have cute, cuddly koalas as well as all other animals species to appreciate.
/ ..there's no doubt about that.
attention, 有一個(gè)用法，to stand at attention, 立正，站好，始終用 at attention 的連用。
When we saw the teacher walking in, we all stood at attention.
extinction,
to be on the verge of extinction,
..many animals are on the verge of extinction.
/ on the brink of extinction, on the edge of extinction.
Well, now let's go back for our final rereading of "hot animals around the world, the koala."
/ And sometimes I do wish that I were an animal so that somebody could put me in the zoo and I didn't have to go to school, nor did I have to ...
/ Wow, you are in luck; you are an animal. You are a party animal.
/ :D a party animal, 專門吃喝玩樂的人，
That's for today. Please join us again next week. We'll talk about Asian Americans.
__________________Pan. 2003. 10.5
***********************************************************************************************
Lesson 18, Hot Animals Around the World: The Koala 世界熱門動物：無尾熊
Why are all those people standing in line in the hot sun at the zoo? Maybe the zoo just opened a koala exhibit. With the suvival rate of native Australian koalas on the rise, more and more zoos around the world are adding a "koala house" or "koala exhibit" to their roster of special animals. And the people keep coming, whether merely to catch a glimpse of one or, if really lucky at zoos which permit it, to hold and be photographed with one.
Why are koalas among the most beloved of all animals? At times referred to as "koala bear", this Australian marsupial is not a bear at all. It is one of the few tailless mammals beside the apes and man. Yet apes are not often considered cuddly; indeed, they are often feared for being either too large or too naughty. This Australian real-life teddy bear, instead, is the best of all worlds: it is quiet, soft, neither too large nor too small (adults are usually 65 to 80 cm. long), and really cuddly! With its soft fur, leathery nose, rounded ears, and big eyes, most people seem to melt when near one. Its disposition is perfect for children and adults alike; it rarely makes a fuss, even when being held. (Try that with a baby tiger!) No wonder the lines to see, hold, or just touch the koalas are always among the longest at zoos.
One reason zoos today are able to keep koalas is the rise in the koala population in its native habitat, the eucalyptus forests of southeastern Australia. This nation, famous for its unique fauna and flora, is now allowing applications for the professional export of its protected species to overseas zoological gardens. Once hunted for its fur, this arboreal leaf-eater is today protected by stringent laws and is making a slow but steady comeback. Indeed, everything about the koala seems slow. It sleeps more than 12 hours a day (often much more), eats only choice leaves from eucalyptus trees (which can now be grown in many zoos to provide the more than one kilogram of leaves that each adult koala needs per day), and rarely if at all descends to the ground because it is such a slow runner (from wild Australian dogs called dingoes or from human hunters). As koalas are such a great draw for visitors, many zoos are trying to include them among their species.
Mother koalas give birth to babies only every other year. These young ones, as with other marsupials, spend a period of time inside the mother's "pouch" before venturing out into the world. In the case of the koala, this pouch is located below and in back of the mother; the small koalas can climb out directly from the pouch and onto the mothers back before learning to feed and fend for themselves. With all other marsupials, the pouch is located in the front, perhaps most famously with the kangaroo, where the "joey" can sometimes be seen popping its head out of its soft, warm pouch to survey the world about it safely.
Until the 1980s, zoologists feared that the koala might go the way of some other rare marsupials. Just as their eucalyptus habitat was being destroyed to make room for the ever-increasing suburban Australians, diseases peculiar to koalas began to take their toll. Combined with weak or non-existent laws against the hunting or poaching of this national treasure, the koala seemed doomed to extinction. Today, the koala has climbed back from the brink of extinction and is thriving again. Its main enemy today is forest fires. This slow-moving mammal cannot move quickly enough to escape the deadly fires which perennially ravage the land. With more land being set aside to protect this and other Australian species, however, the future of much of this special land's animal wealth seems secure.
All animals deserve man's protection, but some animals seem to attract the attention they need. The koala, one of the symbols of the great Down Under, is one of these. Holding a koala is fun, educational, and inspiring. If Australians could cooperate to save this special species, mankind should be able to preven the extinction of all other animals, too.