四級復習指導:單詞構詞法(1)

字號:

Example
    internationalization
    ↑
    internationalize
    ↑
    internationalist, internationalism←international→internationality, internationally
    ↑
    internationale←nation→nation-hood, nation-state, nation-wide
    ↓
    nationally, nationality←national→nationalize, nationalization, nationalism
    ↓
    nationalist
    ↓
    nationalistic
    ↓
    nationalistically
    1. Prefixes
    1) dis- (not, the opposite of) disadvantage, dislike, disaGREe, disappear, disarm, disaster, disastrous, disappoint, disable, disability, discharge, disclose, discount, discourage, discover, discovery, discrepancy, disease, disgrace, disguise, disgust, dishonor, dishonest, dismay, disorder, dispatch, disperse, displace, displacement, displease, disregard, dissatisfy, distort , distract, disintegrate
    2) in- (not, in, into) inability, incorrect, incapable, indirect, inhuman, injustice, informal, inside, include, inclusive, income, increase, increasingly, incredible, indefinite, independence, independent, indifferent, indirect, indispensable, individual, indoor, inertia , inevitable, infamous , infinite, inhabit , inhabitant, inherent , inject, inland , inlet , inner, innocent, innumerable , input, inquire, inquiry, insane, insensitive, insert, insight, insist, inspect, inspiration , inspire, install, installation, installment , instance, instant, instinct, insulate , intense, interior, internal, into, intrinsic, invade, invalid , invaluable , invariably , invasion, invert , investigate, invisible, involve, inward, incomplete, indecisive, inedible, inept, inevitably, infection, infirm, injection, innate, insecurity, insider
    3) im- (not, in, into) impossible, iMBAlance, immature, immoral, impatient, implicit , impress, impression, import, immigrate, imprison, immerse
    4) il- (not) illegal, illiterate, illogical
    5) ir- (not) irregular, irresponsible, irrespective
    6) un- (not) unable, uncover, undo, undoubtedly, undress , uneasy, unemployment , unexpected, unfold , unfortunately, unimportant, unlike, unload, unusual, unaware, unenlightened, unparalleled, unsustainable
    7) non- (not) nonsmoker, nonexistence, non-cooperation, nonstop, nonmetal, nonresident, nonsense, nonspecialist
    8) mis- (wrong, wrongly) misjudge, misunderstand, mislead, misspell, misstep, misfortune, misuse, misguided, misinformation
    9) de- (showing the opposite, to remove, to reduce) deform, deface, demobilize, destruction, deforest, denationalize, depress, depression, devalue, decode, decrease, degenerate , degrade , descend, descendant , descent
    10) pre- (before, in advance) prefix, pre-historic, precaution, precede , preceding, preclude , predecessor , predict, predominant , preface, prejudice, preliminary, premature , premier , premise , premium , preparation, prepare, prepay, preside , president, presumably, presume , pretext , prevail, prevent, previous, prewar, prediction, pre-scientific, preconception
    11) ante-, (before, in advance) anteroom, ante-Christian, antemeridian, anticipate, antique
    12) fore- (in advance, before, in or at the front) forearm, forehead, foreman, foretell , foresee , forefather , foreleg, forerunner , fore , foremost, forecast, forewarn
    13) ex- (out, out of, former) ex-minister, ex-president, ex-Soviet Union, ex-wife, export, exclude, exclusive, excursion, exhibit, exile , exit, exotic , expand, expansion, expedition , expel , expend , expenditure , expense, explode, explosion, explosive, expose, exposition , exposure, express, expression, extend, extension, extensive, exterior, external, extinct, extra, extract
    14) post- (later than, after) postgraduate, postwar, postmeridian, postpone, postscript
    15) sub- (under, below, less important) sub, subject, subway, subtitle, subdivide, submarine , sub-zero, submerge, submit, subordinate , subscribe , subsection, subsequent, subsidiary , subsidy , substance, substantial, substitute, subtract, suburb, subconsciously, subtly
    16) infra- (below in a range, beyond) infrastructure , infrared
    17) re- (again, back to a former state) react, reaction, recall, recede , receipt, recipient , reclaim , recognize, recognition, record, recorder, recover, recovery, recreation, recur , recycle , redundant , reflect, reflection, reflexion, reform, refrain , refresh, refreshment , refund , refute , reinforce, reject, remember, remind, removal, remove, renaissance , renew, repay , repeat, repeatedly, repel , repetition, replace, replacement, reply, report, reporter, represent, representative, repression , reproduce, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, restore, resume, return, reunion , reuse, review, revise, revive, revolt, revolution, revolutionary, revolve, reward
    18) co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- (with together) co-existence, cooperate, cooperative , co-author, coalition , coherent , coincide , coincidence , collaboration , colleague, collide , collision, collocation, compassion, compassionate, concentric, confederation, conjoin, coordinate, correlate, correlation, correspond
    19) inter- (between, among) international, interchange, interchangeable, interdependent, interpersonal, interview, interact , interaction, intercourse , interface , interfere, interference, Internet, interrupt, interval, intervene
    20) macro- (large) macroeconomics , macrocosm , macrostructure
    21) micro- (extremely small) microcomputer, microeconomics , microscope, microphone, microelectronics, microbiologist
    22) super- (GREater or more than) super, supermarket, supersonic , superman, superpower, supernatural, supervise , superb, superficial, superintendent , superior, superiority , supreme
    23) sur- (more than, beyond) surplus, surtax, surface, surpass , surround, survival, survive, suspect
    24) ultra- (beyond, very, too) ultramodern, ultrasound, ultra-violet
    25) auto- (of or by oneself) auto, autocriticism, autoland, automobile, automation , automatic, autobiography , autonomous , autonomy
    26) mal- (bad, badly) malfunction, maltreat , malnutrition , malpractice
    27) tele- (at or over a long distance, by or for television) telegram, television, telegraph, telephone, telecommunications , telescope, telescreen, teleswitch, televise
    28) semi-, hemi- (half) semicircle, semiconductor, semi-colony , semifinal, hemisphere
    29) uni-, mono- (one) uniform, unify , union, unique, unit, unite, unity, universe, universal, university, monologue , monoplane, monopoly , monotone, monotonous , carbon monoxide
    30) bi-, di- (two) biweekly, bicycle, bilateral , billion, bilingual, dialogue, carbon dioxide
    31) tri- (three) tricycle , triangle, triangular, trilogy , triple, trigonometry
    32) quadri-, quadru- (four) quadruple, quadrangle
    33) penta- (five) pentagon, Pentagon, Pentium
    34) hexa- (six) hexagon, hexangular
    35) sept- (seven) September, Sept-Wolves
    36) octa- (eight) octagon, octave, octopus, October
    37) nona- (nine) nonagon, November
    38) deci-, deca- (ten) decade, decimal
    39) centi- (hundredth part) centigrade, centimeter, centipede , century
    40) kilo- (thousand) kilo, kilometer, kilogram(me), kilowatt
    41) mill- (thousand) millennium , millimeter