第三章 代詞
一． 人稱代詞
主格 I you he she it we you they
賓格 me you him her it us you them
物主代詞
形容詞性 my your his her it’s our your their
名詞性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代詞 myself yourself himself herself itself ourself yourselves themseves
試體會下列人稱代詞的用法：
（1）He seated himself at the back of the classroom.（反身代詞只作賓語、同位語和表語）
（1） Please help yourself to some fish.
（2） Sometimes he doesn’t believe in himself.-
（3） --Who is knocking at the door? ---It’s me.
（4） The poor boy was himself.
（5） This book is mine, not his.
（6） He’s an old friend of mine, not hers.
（7） You, he and I have worked together for ten years.（注意人稱代詞的順序）
（8） ---Nice to see you here. ---Me, too.（這里不能用I：我也如此。）
（9） All of us should learn from them all.
考點(diǎn)1.人稱代詞,物主代詞的常用考點(diǎn)：
1.人稱代詞用作為表語時，與動詞前的代詞或名詞同格：
eg.1.Do you think the thief to be © .
A.I B.his C. him D.man
2.I thought it was (D) .
A.him B.himself C.his D.he
2.在名詞雙重所有格里的物主代詞用法
3.(C).The man you met in the street is a friend of __________.
A.I B.my C.mine D.me
3.在比較時注意前后對稱
4.(D).Our classroom is larger than ____________.
A.you B.your C.yous D.yours
4.人稱代詞在并列使用時的順序為：“第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱”。
如：You, she and I all enjoy the music.
但是，復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)為“第一人稱，第二人稱，第三人稱”。
Eg.We,you and they are friendly to one another.
考點(diǎn)2.反身代詞的常用考點(diǎn)
1. 掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu)：
enjoy oneself=have a good time (過得很愉快)
learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自學(xué))
devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于
come to oneself 蘇醒過來; 醒悟過來; 恢復(fù)理性
speak to oneself自言自語
teach oneself自修
help oneself to sth(隨便吃/喝 些...) Help yourself to some meat!請自己吃點(diǎn)肉吧！
for oneself為自己; 代表自己; 獨(dú)力地; 親自地 One should not live for oneself alone.
一個人不應(yīng)只是為自已活著。
(all)by oneself=alone單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自
of oneself自動地, 自發(fā)地 The door opened of itself.
2. 注意oneself與one’s own的區(qū)別
eg.I myself don’t know how to express myself in my own words.
同位語 賓語 定語
三 。相互代詞
each other(兩者) each other’s彼此的
one another(三者or以上) one another’s彼此的
eg. We should help each other/one another ,learn from each other/one another.
四。指示代詞
this---that
these---those
考點(diǎn)3.such---so
such+noun, so+adj. or adv. 但是 只說so many/much/few/little+noun
不說such many/much/few/little+noun
such a good boy可轉(zhuǎn)換成so good a boy
such as
eg.He’s such a good student that all the teachers like him.
=He’s so good a student that all the teachers like him.
He ‘s surprised that such liittle animals can eat so many things. （這里的little指“小”）
He knows so little English that he cannot understand the native speakers at all.（這里的little指“少”）
I have never heard of (C ) as he is.
A.such great man B.such great a man C.such a great man D.a such great man
It is (D ) day.
A.so beautiful the B.so a beautiful C.such beautiful a D.such a beautiful
He cried out,” (C ) careless man before!”
A.Never I met with such a B.I never met with such a
C.Never have I met with such a D.Never have I met a such
the same as
eg. He is the same age as his wife.
五.疑問代詞
誰who,what
Who are you? It’s me.
What are you? I’m a teacher.
考點(diǎn)4.什么what（范圍確定） which哪個（范圍不確定）
_________do you like better, cofee or tea?
A. which B. what
考點(diǎn)5.如何how 三個“如何“不用how,而用what 的句型:
1.What is +S+like? What’s the weather like today?
2.What do you do with +sb/sth? What do you do with the old bike?
但是How do you deal with+sb/sth?
3.What do you think of +sb/sth?但是How do you feel+sb/sth?
年齡 how old
考點(diǎn)6.距離 how far
長度 how long for+時間段; since+時間點(diǎn)
How far is it from here to the station? A twenty-minute walk.
How long does it take to fly from Beijing to Shanghai? Two hours.
Hoe long have you been in Beijing? For two years.
考點(diǎn)7.頻度 how often
多快 how soon+將來時(用in+時間段回答)
eg. How long does it take to fly to Beijing?
Take the medicine 3 times a day.(how often?)
The bridge will be completed in a week.(how soon)
時間when 幾點(diǎn)鐘what time
原因why
地點(diǎn)whare
考點(diǎn)8. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞的用法
主句 定語從句
先行詞+ 關(guān)聯(lián)詞+主+謂
人 that or主who 賓whom/who(或省略) 定whose
物 that or主which 賓which(或省略) 定whose
先行句+ 關(guān)聯(lián)詞+主+謂
as(象一樣)可放主句前
which不可放主句前
eg. I was late again, which made my teacher angry.
He is a top student in our class,as is known to us./As is known to us,he is a top student in our class.
七.替代詞
eg. Our classroom is larger than your classroom.
=yours
=your one替代詞
考點(diǎn)9.（1）one,ones,that,those的用法
one替代上文出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式
ones替代上文出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
the ones=those
eg. The ones(=Those) who are League members will take part in the activity.
that替代上文出現(xiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞; that=the one
eg.The population of China is larger than that of USA.
A. This story is more interesting than that one.
B. The population of China is larger than that of India.
C. The culture and customs of America are more like_______of England than of any other country.
A. that B.those C.ones D.these
（分析：that只能用來代替上文提到的單數(shù)名詞；ones前面必須有修飾語；those可以替代前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但不能用these，所以答案應(yīng)該是 B。）
D. These trees look healthier than__________along the road.
A.those B.other C.another D.ones
(2) one／ones和that／those是指同類而不同物，it／them 指同類而且同物。
A. This pen isn’t the one I lost yesterday.
B. Girls in Class Two are more active than those in Class One.
C. Yesterday I lost my watch. But I haven’t found it yet.
D. ---Have you returned the books?
---Yes, I have. I have just returned them yet.-（指代前面的the books）
E.The cost of his car is higher than (D ) of mine.
A.it B.cost C.any D.that
F.The house built of brick lasted longer than (B ) built of wood.
A.one B.that C.ones D.those
G.A house built of brick lasted longer than (A ) built of wood.
A.one B.that C.the one D.those
如:
1. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ____.
A. it B. those C. them D. one
2. -Why don't we take a little break?
-Didn't we just have____?
A. it B. that C. one D.this
3. Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except ____ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
(3)so和not常接在某些語氣比較委婉的動詞之后以代替that從句的全部或部分。這些動詞有：think，expect，hope，believe，suppose，imagine，guess，say，be afraid等。
A.---Do you think it’s going to rain? ---Yes, I think so.
B.---Will he come to join us? ---I hope not.
注意：（1）think，believe，expect，suppose等否定可有兩種形式：
I think not= I don’t think so.
（2）其他動詞只有一種說法：I hope not.但不可以說：I don’t hope so.
八.不定代詞
1.some+可數(shù)名詞or不可數(shù)名詞 用于肯定句
any+可數(shù)名詞or不可數(shù)名詞 用于否定句, 疑問句
但是，在表示請求，建議的句子里，不用any要用some
eg. Would you like some coffee?
實例:There must be _____ book which could help .
A. some B. any C. one D. one useful
答案是A項。some除了用作數(shù)量詞外，還可用來泛指未知的人或事物。又如：There must be some reason for what he has done . (他所做的事肯定基于某種原因。)
2.many+可數(shù)名詞 =a number of , a good many,plenty of
much+不可數(shù)名詞 =a great/good deal of, an amount of
3.few, a few+可數(shù)名詞
little, a little+不可數(shù)名詞 only a few=few 極少 not a bit=not at all一點(diǎn)也不
quite a few=many 不少 not a little=much 許多
eg.( B ) He has only a few friends, so he feels _________.
A.alone B.lonely C.happy D.happily
few,little看作為否定詞
eg. He made few mistakes in his homework, did he?
You have little money with you, do you?
4.與數(shù)量有相關(guān)的不定代詞(概括代詞)
兩者 三者或以上
都 both (謂：復(fù)數(shù)) all (謂：單數(shù)—指不可數(shù)名詞；復(fù)數(shù)---指可數(shù)名詞)
eg.All of us like him.
All(matter)that shines isn’t gold.
都不 neither(謂：單數(shù)) none(謂：單數(shù)or復(fù)數(shù);可指人or 物；強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量；回答how many?)
nobody/no one(謂：單數(shù);強(qiáng)調(diào)誰；回答who?)
eg.How many boys are there in your classroom?None.
Who is in your classroom?No one/Nobody.
任何一個 either any
每一個 each each
every
eg. There are trees either/each side of the street.
There are trees both sides of the street.
every/each的區(qū)別
(1) each強(qiáng)調(diào)個性，可作主語、定語、賓語和同位語。every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，只作定語。
(2) each可用于兩者或兩者以上；every用于三者或三者以上。
Eg.We like every teacher/ each of teachers/不能說Every likes his teacher.
熟讀下列句子試體會以上概括代詞的用法：
1. Both of them are advanced teachers.= They are both advanced teachers.（注意作主語和同位語時的位置，下同）
2. All of them are engineers.= They are all engineers.
3. Either sentence is right.=Both of the sentences are right.
4. 4.I know neither of the teachers.（這兩個老師我誰都不認(rèn)識。）
5. None of the students in our class have/has been to that island.
6. She cut the cake into pieces and gave one to each of the children.
Note: none與nobody/no one的用法
(1)在回答how many時，用none；在回答 who時，用nobody／no one。
A---How many elephants did you see in the zoo？----None.
B.---Who helped you repair the radio?？—Nobody/No one.
(2)none可以跟of…短語連用，而nobody／no one不能與of…短語連用。
D. None of them is a party member.（這里不能用nobody／no one來代替none。下同）
E. None of us know（s）how to do it.
Ex
( C ).There are thirty students in our class._____ of them are League members.
A.No one B.Either C.All D.Both
( B ).My parents are ______ doctors.
A.all B.both C.every D.each
( B ) ______ of the students likes football.
A.Every B.Each C.Everyone D. All
( B ). _____ of the three boys is honest.
A.All B.Any C.Either D.Every
(A ). ______ of her parents is in good health..
A.Either B.Both C.All D.None
( C ) ______ of you are correct..
A.Either B.Neither C.Both D. Each
5. other, others (范圍不確定)
the other, the others(范圍確定)
another (三者或以上的任何一個)只用于單數(shù)名詞前，而 other可以用于單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。
eg.Lei Feng was always ready to help others. (范圍不確定)
I have two brothers.One is studying in Beijing University, the other is studying in the USA. (范圍確定)
If you don’t like this pen, you can choose another. (三者或以上的任何一個)
I want to study here for another week( =one more week).
one…the other是指“兩個／者中一個……另一個……”；some …the others
1).I have lost my key. Please give me another, Mum.
2)Mr. Brown has two sone: one is a pilot, and the other is an engineer.
3)I’ve got eight pencils. Two of them are red, and the others are blue.
4)Some students are planting trees, some are carrying water, and others are watering the trees.
5)He goes to see his girl friend eavery other day.
6)e did that for some other reason.
7)Our school needs another two English teachers.
=Our school needs two other English teachers.
=Our school needs two more English teachers.（我們學(xué)校還需要兩位英語老師。）
Some people hope to be more successful while__________simply want to feel more comfortable.
A.the others B.others C.the other D.another
6.復(fù)合不定代詞 some/any/no/every+thing/body/one
a. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱
b. 形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞，必須后置
( D ) There's ____ in today's newspaper.
A. important anything B. important something
C. anything important D. something important
7.It的用法
（1） 指代上文或下文出現(xiàn)的名詞的單數(shù)形式
A.---Where’s my bike? ---It’s over there.
B.How is the coffee? ---It’s very nice.
這種指代有時也可以是一個完整的句子。
---John failed in the exam.---It’s natural. He never studies.(it指代John failed in the exam)
(2) 用來代替this ，that
A.---What’s this?----It’s a dictionary.（這里只能用it，不能用this）
B.---Whose pencil is this ---It’s mine.
(3) 起指示代詞的作用，指代談話中的人或物
A.---who knocking at the door? ---It must be Jack.
B.Is it a boy or girl? ---It’s boy.
(4) 指代時間、天氣、距離、環(huán)境情況等
A.---What time is it now? ---It’s five o’clock.
B.What day is it today?----It’s Friday.
C.What’s the weather like today?----It’s sunny/fine/rainy/snowy/windy/foggy.
D.It’s very noisy/quite outside.
(5).it作形式主語的三個句型
A. It(形式主語)+be+adj.+ to do./ doing
+that-clause
+whether/when…-clause
eg. 1.It is wrong to tell a lie.
2.It is true that he has failed.
3.It is certain whether he will be here or not.
4.It is good manners to thank others when they help you.
5.It’s not easy to finish in two days.
6.It’s no use crying over spilt milk.A（注意這里只能用crying，不能用to cry。no 后面要用ing形式）
7. It’s not a good habit to stay up late.A（注意這里只能用to stay，不能用staying）
8. It is quite important that China becomes an official member of WTO.中國成為世貿(mào)組織的正式成員是十分重要的。
B. It(形式主語)+be+adj.+for/of sb+to do.(adj.表示人的品質(zhì)時，用of;否則，用for)
表示人的品質(zhì)形容詞,主要有cruel, brave, rude, kind, foolish, wise, stupid, polite, clever
其它形容詞,主要有necessary, possible, impossible, important
C.(1).It+seems/ appears/ happens+that +S+V. 可轉(zhuǎn)換為
S+ seems/ appears/ happens+to +V.
Eg. It seems that he is ill.= He seems to be ill.
(2).It+is said/told/reported/believed+that +S+V. 可轉(zhuǎn)換為
S+ is said/told/reported/believed +V.
It is reported that a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.據(jù)報道,上個月這個城市的許多人都失業(yè)了。
It seems to me that the maths problem is too easy for her.在我看來,這道數(shù)學(xué)題對她來說太簡單。
(6) it作形式賓語 it作形式賓語,常用在6123結(jié)構(gòu)中.
6 指主句中常用的動詞：think/ believe/ feel/find/ consider,regard,suppose,
make,take,imagine；
1 指的是形式賓語 it；
2 指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；
3 指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
eg. 1.Do you think (B) difficult to answer this questions?
A.that B.it C.very D.yourself
2.Exhaused(筋疲力盡) after the day’s work, (C ) to enjoy the evening.
A.it was difficult for him B.for him it was difficult
C.he found it difficult D.he found difficult
C.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是英語中的一種重要的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，它是英語學(xué)習(xí)者必須掌握的一種重要句型，因而在高考英語試卷中占有一席之地，且其命題從基本結(jié)構(gòu)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)的角度切入。
一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為"It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子的其它部分"。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為sb.，且在句中作主語時，可用who，也可用that，其它情況一律用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時，that后的謂語動詞必須與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語人稱與數(shù)保持一致。如：
It is they who often help me with my lessons.
It is I who am to blame.
It was in Greece that Olympic competitions first started.
It was in 1976 that Tom knew her.
在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，去掉It is/was...that/who后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整、正確，句意仍明確、全面。
二、強(qiáng)調(diào)成分
1、強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語。如:
It was John who/that helped me yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)
It was the two girls that the teacher praised yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語)
It was the ability to do the job_________matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
強(qiáng)調(diào)主語the ability to do the job,故選B。
2、強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語。如：
It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語)
It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son would soon return home. (強(qiáng)調(diào)程度狀語)
It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. (強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語)
It was three years ago that I came to this school. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語)
注意：a.強(qiáng)調(diào)時間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語時，要用that,不能用when, where, why或how。如：
It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET'97)
A. that B. until C. before D. when
很明顯，這是對時間狀語的強(qiáng)調(diào)，故選A。
It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty. (NMET' 98)
A. until B. that C. then D. so
本句強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語when I reread his poems recently，故選B。
It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off. (2003上海春季)
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
本句強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語because of bad weather,故選D。
It was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern school.
A. where B. in which C. that D.so
本句強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語where there had been a theatre,故選C。
b.使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對狀語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，有必要將其與下列句型區(qū)分開來。
我們來比較下面的句子：
1) It was in the evening that the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
2) It was at 3 o'clock that they came back. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
It was 3 o'clock when they came back. (when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
3) It is for three hours that they have been back. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
It was three hours before they came back. (before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
It is three hours since they came back. (since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
再如：It was raining when they came back.
It is true that he once went to Canada.
It is a surprise that Mary should have won the first prize.
3、對"not...until..."結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)，要用"It is/was not until...that..."這一固定句型。由于否定已經(jīng)前移，that后只能用肯定形式。如：
It was not she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famous film star. (NMET' 92)
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
正確答案為B。
It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. (NMET'95)
A. while B. which C. that D. since
正確答案為C。
4、強(qiáng)調(diào)含有定語從句的主、賓、狀語時，要確定好強(qiáng)調(diào)標(biāo)志"that"的位置。如：
Was it at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood?
It was in the shop which was opened last month that he bought the book.
It was the girl whose father worked abroad that lent me the book.
Was it in 1982 when you were in college that you got to know her?
三、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問句型
例一：Was it during the Second World War ___________he died? (MET'88)
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句，故選A。
再如：Is it you who often help the old woman with her housework ?
Was it in her fifties that Mary began to learn Russian ?
Was it at a theatre that Abraham Lincoln was shot ?
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：Is/Was it...that/who...?
例二：Who _________helped you work out the maths problem ?
A. was he B. it was who C. was it that D. it was
此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句，故選C。
再如：Where was it that you found the lost child ?
Who was it that invented the telephone?
Why was it that you refused his offer of help ?
How was it that they managed to finish the work in such a short time ?
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞＋is/was it that...？注意在強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句型中，強(qiáng)調(diào)標(biāo)志that/who后只能使用陳述語序。
比較：Was it by plane that did he come back ?(×)
Was it by plane that he came back? (√)
When was it that the Second World War broke out? (√)
When was it that did the Second World War break out ?(×)
鞏固練習(xí)：
1.It is these poisonous products__________can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (2003 )
A. who B. that C. how D. what
2.I feel it is your husband who__________for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
3.It was for this reason__________her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001 )
A. which B. why C. that D. how
4.-Where was it__________the road accident happened yesterday ?
-In front of the market.
A. when B. that C. which D. how
5.It was not until she had arrived home__________her appointment with the doctor.
A. did she remember B. that she remembered C. when she remembered D. had she remembered
6.It was not until 1956__________liberated.
A. that the town was B. did the town C. was the town D. that was the town
參考答案：1-6 BACBBA
It is …that英語句型系列補(bǔ)充強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
1.--Where was＿＿＿＿＿＿you picked up the wallet﹖
--Just near the school gate.
A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that
2. I must find out why＿＿＿＿＿＿so many students made the same mistake.
A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that
3. How many years is it＿＿＿＿＿＿your sister came to work here﹖
A. after B. since C. before D. until
4. Is it in the factory＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you visited last week＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿this kind of car is made﹖
A.／thatB. wherewhenC. wherethatD.／when
5.＿＿＿＿It's a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I saw you last.
--Yesand what a pity since it will be a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿we see each other again.
A. sincebefore B. beforesince C. untilafter D. afteruntil
6. It was because of bad weather＿＿＿＿＿＿the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
7.It was his remarks＿＿＿＿＿left me wondering about his real purpose.
A. which B. what C. where D. that
8. -- Was it in 1969＿＿＿＿＿＿the American astronaut succeeded＿＿＿＿＿＿landing on the moon﹖
--- Quite right.
A. whenon B. thaton C. whenin D. thatin
9.It was not until 1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regular radio broadcasts began.NMET 95
A. while B. which C. that D. since
10.＿＿＿＿＿＿is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.NMET 95
A. There B. This C. That D. It
11.＿＿＿＿＿was in 1979＿＿＿＿＿I graduated from the university.NMET 98上海
A. Thatthat B. Itthat C .Thatwhen D. Itwhen
12. It was for this reason＿＿＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)er uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.?。烴MT 2001春，上海
A. which B. why C. that D. how
13. It is the protection for the trees＿＿＿＿really mattersrather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that C.／ D. which
14.-- Was that the new comer who walked by﹖＿＿＿＿＿.
A. It must be that B. It must have been C. He must be D. This must have been
15. Our classroom is very clean.Do you nowho＿＿cleanedit﹖
A. was it that B. it was that C. was it who D.he was
16. Now thenchildren. It's high time you＿＿＿＿＿＿and dressed.
A. washed B. should wash C. were washed D. are washed
17.＿＿＿＿＿the people have become the master of their own country＿＿＿＿＿＿＿science can really serve the people.
A. It is only then；that B. It was that；when C. It is only when；that D. It was when；then
18. It was＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I met Mr. Green in Shanghai.
A. ten years since B. many years ago that C. five years until D. Two months when
key：BDBAA DDDCD BCBBB CCB
D.常用的十個與it 有關(guān)的句型
1.It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that ...句型1 主要用于強(qiáng)凋時間狀語，譯成漢語＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以說是 not ... until ... 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式
2.It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...該句型意為"是某人該干某事的時候了".這是一個虛擬語氣句型,表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣,句型2中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是
① 用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬．
② should + 動詞原形，should 不能省．常譯為＂是（正是）．．．的時侯．．．＂
It is high time that we went to school.現(xiàn)在是我們該去上學(xué)的時候了。
3. It is /was /will be the first /second...time that...
該句型意為"這是/將是……第一/二……次干某事".當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞用is時,從句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時;當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞用was時,從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時;當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞用will be時,從句的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(表示將來)。如:
It is the first time that I have spoken to a foreigner.這是我首次和一位外國人交談。
句型3要和句型2區(qū)別開來，該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態(tài)，至于用什么完成時態(tài)，由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)決定，如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；如果是一般過去時，后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)．
該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；
it有時用 this 替換．常譯為＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂
4. It is .... since ... 意為"自……以來已有多長時間了"或"自不……以來已有多長時間了"。
句型4主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時，又要和表示一段時間時間狀語連用的問題．主句中是時間作表語，一般是現(xiàn)在時或完成時，since 引導(dǎo)的從句一般是一般過去時態(tài)，而且是瞬間動詞．如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時．
注意:在該句型中若since從句的謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞,則表示從句中的動作延續(xù)多長時間了;若since從句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)動詞,則表示從句中的動作已結(jié)束多長時間了,譯成漢語時要特別注意.如:
It is just a week since we arrived in Beijing.我們到達(dá)北京剛好一星期。
It is five years since I last smoked.我戒煙已有五年的時間了。
5.It is /was /will be +……+before從句
這一句型意為"還有……時間就……".如:
It won't be long before you reach your goal.你離成功不遠(yuǎn)了。
It wasn’t long before… 不久，。。。。
6. It takes sb.+time+to do sth.
句型6中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時間．常譯為＂做．．．要花費(fèi)某人．．．＂
7. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
句型號7中的真正主語是動名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )
8.It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 常譯為?。⒉徽摚ㄊ欠瘢疀]關(guān)系．”
9. It looks ( seems ) as if ...
句型９中的 as if 引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句，常譯為，＂看起來好象．．．＂如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣．
Eg. It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）
It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生病）
It seemed as if he were dying.
10. It is up to sb. to do sth.
該句型意為"該由某人負(fù)責(zé)干某事"。如:
It is up to you to look after the children.應(yīng)該由你負(fù)責(zé)照看這些孩子。
典型試題：
(1)It was not until 1936______basketball became a part of the Olympic Games.
A.which B.than C.that D.then
(2) It was between 1920 and 1930_______television was invented in America.
A.which B.that C.then D.when
(3)______ took us several hours to clear the snows and open the road to traffic.
A.They B.All C.He D.It
(4)_______ is believed that the more your brain is used , the more work it is able to do.
A.That B.It C.This D.All
(5)_______ doesn’t matter what you do at this point.
A.That B.This C.It D.What
(6) We all regard________our duty to help those who are too poor to go to school.
A.that B.this C.it D.what
Answer CBDBCC
歷屆高考英語單項選擇題精選 "it"的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B.that C.its D.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this B.that C.he D.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when ,that B.until,that C.until,that D.when,then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A.that B.this C.on D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A.There B.This C.That D.It (95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until B.that C.then D.so (97)
10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it B.that C.thes D.them (98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.that C.what D.it (2000)
KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
一． 人稱代詞
主格 I you he she it we you they
賓格 me you him her it us you them
物主代詞
形容詞性 my your his her it’s our your their
名詞性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代詞 myself yourself himself herself itself ourself yourselves themseves
試體會下列人稱代詞的用法：
（1）He seated himself at the back of the classroom.（反身代詞只作賓語、同位語和表語）
（1） Please help yourself to some fish.
（2） Sometimes he doesn’t believe in himself.-
（3） --Who is knocking at the door? ---It’s me.
（4） The poor boy was himself.
（5） This book is mine, not his.
（6） He’s an old friend of mine, not hers.
（7） You, he and I have worked together for ten years.（注意人稱代詞的順序）
（8） ---Nice to see you here. ---Me, too.（這里不能用I：我也如此。）
（9） All of us should learn from them all.
考點(diǎn)1.人稱代詞,物主代詞的常用考點(diǎn)：
1.人稱代詞用作為表語時，與動詞前的代詞或名詞同格：
eg.1.Do you think the thief to be © .
A.I B.his C. him D.man
2.I thought it was (D) .
A.him B.himself C.his D.he
2.在名詞雙重所有格里的物主代詞用法
3.(C).The man you met in the street is a friend of __________.
A.I B.my C.mine D.me
3.在比較時注意前后對稱
4.(D).Our classroom is larger than ____________.
A.you B.your C.yous D.yours
4.人稱代詞在并列使用時的順序為：“第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱”。
如：You, she and I all enjoy the music.
但是，復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)為“第一人稱，第二人稱，第三人稱”。
Eg.We,you and they are friendly to one another.
考點(diǎn)2.反身代詞的常用考點(diǎn)
1. 掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu)：
enjoy oneself=have a good time (過得很愉快)
learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自學(xué))
devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于
come to oneself 蘇醒過來; 醒悟過來; 恢復(fù)理性
speak to oneself自言自語
teach oneself自修
help oneself to sth(隨便吃/喝 些...) Help yourself to some meat!請自己吃點(diǎn)肉吧！
for oneself為自己; 代表自己; 獨(dú)力地; 親自地 One should not live for oneself alone.
一個人不應(yīng)只是為自已活著。
(all)by oneself=alone單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自
of oneself自動地, 自發(fā)地 The door opened of itself.
2. 注意oneself與one’s own的區(qū)別
eg.I myself don’t know how to express myself in my own words.
同位語 賓語 定語
三 。相互代詞
each other(兩者) each other’s彼此的
one another(三者or以上) one another’s彼此的
eg. We should help each other/one another ,learn from each other/one another.
四。指示代詞
this---that
these---those
考點(diǎn)3.such---so
such+noun, so+adj. or adv. 但是 只說so many/much/few/little+noun
不說such many/much/few/little+noun
such a good boy可轉(zhuǎn)換成so good a boy
such as
eg.He’s such a good student that all the teachers like him.
=He’s so good a student that all the teachers like him.
He ‘s surprised that such liittle animals can eat so many things. （這里的little指“小”）
He knows so little English that he cannot understand the native speakers at all.（這里的little指“少”）
I have never heard of (C ) as he is.
A.such great man B.such great a man C.such a great man D.a such great man
It is (D ) day.
A.so beautiful the B.so a beautiful C.such beautiful a D.such a beautiful
He cried out,” (C ) careless man before!”
A.Never I met with such a B.I never met with such a
C.Never have I met with such a D.Never have I met a such
the same as
eg. He is the same age as his wife.
五.疑問代詞
誰who,what
Who are you? It’s me.
What are you? I’m a teacher.
考點(diǎn)4.什么what（范圍確定） which哪個（范圍不確定）
_________do you like better, cofee or tea?
A. which B. what
考點(diǎn)5.如何how 三個“如何“不用how,而用what 的句型:
1.What is +S+like? What’s the weather like today?
2.What do you do with +sb/sth? What do you do with the old bike?
但是How do you deal with+sb/sth?
3.What do you think of +sb/sth?但是How do you feel+sb/sth?
年齡 how old
考點(diǎn)6.距離 how far
長度 how long for+時間段; since+時間點(diǎn)
How far is it from here to the station? A twenty-minute walk.
How long does it take to fly from Beijing to Shanghai? Two hours.
Hoe long have you been in Beijing? For two years.
考點(diǎn)7.頻度 how often
多快 how soon+將來時(用in+時間段回答)
eg. How long does it take to fly to Beijing?
Take the medicine 3 times a day.(how often?)
The bridge will be completed in a week.(how soon)
時間when 幾點(diǎn)鐘what time
原因why
地點(diǎn)whare
考點(diǎn)8. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞的用法
主句 定語從句
先行詞+ 關(guān)聯(lián)詞+主+謂
人 that or主who 賓whom/who(或省略) 定whose
物 that or主which 賓which(或省略) 定whose
先行句+ 關(guān)聯(lián)詞+主+謂
as(象一樣)可放主句前
which不可放主句前
eg. I was late again, which made my teacher angry.
He is a top student in our class,as is known to us./As is known to us,he is a top student in our class.
七.替代詞
eg. Our classroom is larger than your classroom.
=yours
=your one替代詞
考點(diǎn)9.（1）one,ones,that,those的用法
one替代上文出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式
ones替代上文出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
the ones=those
eg. The ones(=Those) who are League members will take part in the activity.
that替代上文出現(xiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞; that=the one
eg.The population of China is larger than that of USA.
A. This story is more interesting than that one.
B. The population of China is larger than that of India.
C. The culture and customs of America are more like_______of England than of any other country.
A. that B.those C.ones D.these
（分析：that只能用來代替上文提到的單數(shù)名詞；ones前面必須有修飾語；those可以替代前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但不能用these，所以答案應(yīng)該是 B。）
D. These trees look healthier than__________along the road.
A.those B.other C.another D.ones
(2) one／ones和that／those是指同類而不同物，it／them 指同類而且同物。
A. This pen isn’t the one I lost yesterday.
B. Girls in Class Two are more active than those in Class One.
C. Yesterday I lost my watch. But I haven’t found it yet.
D. ---Have you returned the books?
---Yes, I have. I have just returned them yet.-（指代前面的the books）
E.The cost of his car is higher than (D ) of mine.
A.it B.cost C.any D.that
F.The house built of brick lasted longer than (B ) built of wood.
A.one B.that C.ones D.those
G.A house built of brick lasted longer than (A ) built of wood.
A.one B.that C.the one D.those
如:
1. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ____.
A. it B. those C. them D. one
2. -Why don't we take a little break?
-Didn't we just have____?
A. it B. that C. one D.this
3. Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except ____ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
(3)so和not常接在某些語氣比較委婉的動詞之后以代替that從句的全部或部分。這些動詞有：think，expect，hope，believe，suppose，imagine，guess，say，be afraid等。
A.---Do you think it’s going to rain? ---Yes, I think so.
B.---Will he come to join us? ---I hope not.
注意：（1）think，believe，expect，suppose等否定可有兩種形式：
I think not= I don’t think so.
（2）其他動詞只有一種說法：I hope not.但不可以說：I don’t hope so.
八.不定代詞
1.some+可數(shù)名詞or不可數(shù)名詞 用于肯定句
any+可數(shù)名詞or不可數(shù)名詞 用于否定句, 疑問句
但是，在表示請求，建議的句子里，不用any要用some
eg. Would you like some coffee?
實例:There must be _____ book which could help .
A. some B. any C. one D. one useful
答案是A項。some除了用作數(shù)量詞外，還可用來泛指未知的人或事物。又如：There must be some reason for what he has done . (他所做的事肯定基于某種原因。)
2.many+可數(shù)名詞 =a number of , a good many,plenty of
much+不可數(shù)名詞 =a great/good deal of, an amount of
3.few, a few+可數(shù)名詞
little, a little+不可數(shù)名詞 only a few=few 極少 not a bit=not at all一點(diǎn)也不
quite a few=many 不少 not a little=much 許多
eg.( B ) He has only a few friends, so he feels _________.
A.alone B.lonely C.happy D.happily
few,little看作為否定詞
eg. He made few mistakes in his homework, did he?
You have little money with you, do you?
4.與數(shù)量有相關(guān)的不定代詞(概括代詞)
兩者 三者或以上
都 both (謂：復(fù)數(shù)) all (謂：單數(shù)—指不可數(shù)名詞；復(fù)數(shù)---指可數(shù)名詞)
eg.All of us like him.
All(matter)that shines isn’t gold.
都不 neither(謂：單數(shù)) none(謂：單數(shù)or復(fù)數(shù);可指人or 物；強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量；回答how many?)
nobody/no one(謂：單數(shù);強(qiáng)調(diào)誰；回答who?)
eg.How many boys are there in your classroom?None.
Who is in your classroom?No one/Nobody.
任何一個 either any
每一個 each each
every
eg. There are trees either/each side of the street.
There are trees both sides of the street.
every/each的區(qū)別
(1) each強(qiáng)調(diào)個性，可作主語、定語、賓語和同位語。every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，只作定語。
(2) each可用于兩者或兩者以上；every用于三者或三者以上。
Eg.We like every teacher/ each of teachers/不能說Every likes his teacher.
熟讀下列句子試體會以上概括代詞的用法：
1. Both of them are advanced teachers.= They are both advanced teachers.（注意作主語和同位語時的位置，下同）
2. All of them are engineers.= They are all engineers.
3. Either sentence is right.=Both of the sentences are right.
4. 4.I know neither of the teachers.（這兩個老師我誰都不認(rèn)識。）
5. None of the students in our class have/has been to that island.
6. She cut the cake into pieces and gave one to each of the children.
Note: none與nobody/no one的用法
(1)在回答how many時，用none；在回答 who時，用nobody／no one。
A---How many elephants did you see in the zoo？----None.
B.---Who helped you repair the radio?？—Nobody/No one.
(2)none可以跟of…短語連用，而nobody／no one不能與of…短語連用。
D. None of them is a party member.（這里不能用nobody／no one來代替none。下同）
E. None of us know（s）how to do it.
Ex
( C ).There are thirty students in our class._____ of them are League members.
A.No one B.Either C.All D.Both
( B ).My parents are ______ doctors.
A.all B.both C.every D.each
( B ) ______ of the students likes football.
A.Every B.Each C.Everyone D. All
( B ). _____ of the three boys is honest.
A.All B.Any C.Either D.Every
(A ). ______ of her parents is in good health..
A.Either B.Both C.All D.None
( C ) ______ of you are correct..
A.Either B.Neither C.Both D. Each
5. other, others (范圍不確定)
the other, the others(范圍確定)
another (三者或以上的任何一個)只用于單數(shù)名詞前，而 other可以用于單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。
eg.Lei Feng was always ready to help others. (范圍不確定)
I have two brothers.One is studying in Beijing University, the other is studying in the USA. (范圍確定)
If you don’t like this pen, you can choose another. (三者或以上的任何一個)
I want to study here for another week( =one more week).
one…the other是指“兩個／者中一個……另一個……”；some …the others
1).I have lost my key. Please give me another, Mum.
2)Mr. Brown has two sone: one is a pilot, and the other is an engineer.
3)I’ve got eight pencils. Two of them are red, and the others are blue.
4)Some students are planting trees, some are carrying water, and others are watering the trees.
5)He goes to see his girl friend eavery other day.
6)e did that for some other reason.
7)Our school needs another two English teachers.
=Our school needs two other English teachers.
=Our school needs two more English teachers.（我們學(xué)校還需要兩位英語老師。）
Some people hope to be more successful while__________simply want to feel more comfortable.
A.the others B.others C.the other D.another
6.復(fù)合不定代詞 some/any/no/every+thing/body/one
a. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱
b. 形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞，必須后置
( D ) There's ____ in today's newspaper.
A. important anything B. important something
C. anything important D. something important
7.It的用法
（1） 指代上文或下文出現(xiàn)的名詞的單數(shù)形式
A.---Where’s my bike? ---It’s over there.
B.How is the coffee? ---It’s very nice.
這種指代有時也可以是一個完整的句子。
---John failed in the exam.---It’s natural. He never studies.(it指代John failed in the exam)
(2) 用來代替this ，that
A.---What’s this?----It’s a dictionary.（這里只能用it，不能用this）
B.---Whose pencil is this ---It’s mine.
(3) 起指示代詞的作用，指代談話中的人或物
A.---who knocking at the door? ---It must be Jack.
B.Is it a boy or girl? ---It’s boy.
(4) 指代時間、天氣、距離、環(huán)境情況等
A.---What time is it now? ---It’s five o’clock.
B.What day is it today?----It’s Friday.
C.What’s the weather like today?----It’s sunny/fine/rainy/snowy/windy/foggy.
D.It’s very noisy/quite outside.
(5).it作形式主語的三個句型
A. It(形式主語)+be+adj.+ to do./ doing
+that-clause
+whether/when…-clause
eg. 1.It is wrong to tell a lie.
2.It is true that he has failed.
3.It is certain whether he will be here or not.
4.It is good manners to thank others when they help you.
5.It’s not easy to finish in two days.
6.It’s no use crying over spilt milk.A（注意這里只能用crying，不能用to cry。no 后面要用ing形式）
7. It’s not a good habit to stay up late.A（注意這里只能用to stay，不能用staying）
8. It is quite important that China becomes an official member of WTO.中國成為世貿(mào)組織的正式成員是十分重要的。
B. It(形式主語)+be+adj.+for/of sb+to do.(adj.表示人的品質(zhì)時，用of;否則，用for)
表示人的品質(zhì)形容詞,主要有cruel, brave, rude, kind, foolish, wise, stupid, polite, clever
其它形容詞,主要有necessary, possible, impossible, important
C.(1).It+seems/ appears/ happens+that +S+V. 可轉(zhuǎn)換為
S+ seems/ appears/ happens+to +V.
Eg. It seems that he is ill.= He seems to be ill.
(2).It+is said/told/reported/believed+that +S+V. 可轉(zhuǎn)換為
S+ is said/told/reported/believed +V.
It is reported that a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.據(jù)報道,上個月這個城市的許多人都失業(yè)了。
It seems to me that the maths problem is too easy for her.在我看來,這道數(shù)學(xué)題對她來說太簡單。
(6) it作形式賓語 it作形式賓語,常用在6123結(jié)構(gòu)中.
6 指主句中常用的動詞：think/ believe/ feel/find/ consider,regard,suppose,
make,take,imagine；
1 指的是形式賓語 it；
2 指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；
3 指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
eg. 1.Do you think (B) difficult to answer this questions?
A.that B.it C.very D.yourself
2.Exhaused(筋疲力盡) after the day’s work, (C ) to enjoy the evening.
A.it was difficult for him B.for him it was difficult
C.he found it difficult D.he found difficult
C.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是英語中的一種重要的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，它是英語學(xué)習(xí)者必須掌握的一種重要句型，因而在高考英語試卷中占有一席之地，且其命題從基本結(jié)構(gòu)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)的角度切入。
一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為"It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子的其它部分"。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為sb.，且在句中作主語時，可用who，也可用that，其它情況一律用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時，that后的謂語動詞必須與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語人稱與數(shù)保持一致。如：
It is they who often help me with my lessons.
It is I who am to blame.
It was in Greece that Olympic competitions first started.
It was in 1976 that Tom knew her.
在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，去掉It is/was...that/who后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整、正確，句意仍明確、全面。
二、強(qiáng)調(diào)成分
1、強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語。如:
It was John who/that helped me yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)
It was the two girls that the teacher praised yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語)
It was the ability to do the job_________matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
強(qiáng)調(diào)主語the ability to do the job,故選B。
2、強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語。如：
It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語)
It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son would soon return home. (強(qiáng)調(diào)程度狀語)
It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. (強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語)
It was three years ago that I came to this school. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語)
注意：a.強(qiáng)調(diào)時間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語時，要用that,不能用when, where, why或how。如：
It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET'97)
A. that B. until C. before D. when
很明顯，這是對時間狀語的強(qiáng)調(diào)，故選A。
It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty. (NMET' 98)
A. until B. that C. then D. so
本句強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語when I reread his poems recently，故選B。
It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off. (2003上海春季)
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
本句強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語because of bad weather,故選D。
It was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern school.
A. where B. in which C. that D.so
本句強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語where there had been a theatre,故選C。
b.使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對狀語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，有必要將其與下列句型區(qū)分開來。
我們來比較下面的句子：
1) It was in the evening that the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
2) It was at 3 o'clock that they came back. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
It was 3 o'clock when they came back. (when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
3) It is for three hours that they have been back. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
It was three hours before they came back. (before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
It is three hours since they came back. (since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，it表示時間)
再如：It was raining when they came back.
It is true that he once went to Canada.
It is a surprise that Mary should have won the first prize.
3、對"not...until..."結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)，要用"It is/was not until...that..."這一固定句型。由于否定已經(jīng)前移，that后只能用肯定形式。如：
It was not she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famous film star. (NMET' 92)
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
正確答案為B。
It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. (NMET'95)
A. while B. which C. that D. since
正確答案為C。
4、強(qiáng)調(diào)含有定語從句的主、賓、狀語時，要確定好強(qiáng)調(diào)標(biāo)志"that"的位置。如：
Was it at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood?
It was in the shop which was opened last month that he bought the book.
It was the girl whose father worked abroad that lent me the book.
Was it in 1982 when you were in college that you got to know her?
三、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問句型
例一：Was it during the Second World War ___________he died? (MET'88)
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句，故選A。
再如：Is it you who often help the old woman with her housework ?
Was it in her fifties that Mary began to learn Russian ?
Was it at a theatre that Abraham Lincoln was shot ?
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：Is/Was it...that/who...?
例二：Who _________helped you work out the maths problem ?
A. was he B. it was who C. was it that D. it was
此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句，故選C。
再如：Where was it that you found the lost child ?
Who was it that invented the telephone?
Why was it that you refused his offer of help ?
How was it that they managed to finish the work in such a short time ?
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞＋is/was it that...？注意在強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句型中，強(qiáng)調(diào)標(biāo)志that/who后只能使用陳述語序。
比較：Was it by plane that did he come back ?(×)
Was it by plane that he came back? (√)
When was it that the Second World War broke out? (√)
When was it that did the Second World War break out ?(×)
鞏固練習(xí)：
1.It is these poisonous products__________can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (2003 )
A. who B. that C. how D. what
2.I feel it is your husband who__________for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
3.It was for this reason__________her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001 )
A. which B. why C. that D. how
4.-Where was it__________the road accident happened yesterday ?
-In front of the market.
A. when B. that C. which D. how
5.It was not until she had arrived home__________her appointment with the doctor.
A. did she remember B. that she remembered C. when she remembered D. had she remembered
6.It was not until 1956__________liberated.
A. that the town was B. did the town C. was the town D. that was the town
參考答案：1-6 BACBBA
It is …that英語句型系列補(bǔ)充強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
1.--Where was＿＿＿＿＿＿you picked up the wallet﹖
--Just near the school gate.
A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that
2. I must find out why＿＿＿＿＿＿so many students made the same mistake.
A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that
3. How many years is it＿＿＿＿＿＿your sister came to work here﹖
A. after B. since C. before D. until
4. Is it in the factory＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you visited last week＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿this kind of car is made﹖
A.／thatB. wherewhenC. wherethatD.／when
5.＿＿＿＿It's a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I saw you last.
--Yesand what a pity since it will be a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿we see each other again.
A. sincebefore B. beforesince C. untilafter D. afteruntil
6. It was because of bad weather＿＿＿＿＿＿the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
7.It was his remarks＿＿＿＿＿left me wondering about his real purpose.
A. which B. what C. where D. that
8. -- Was it in 1969＿＿＿＿＿＿the American astronaut succeeded＿＿＿＿＿＿landing on the moon﹖
--- Quite right.
A. whenon B. thaton C. whenin D. thatin
9.It was not until 1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regular radio broadcasts began.NMET 95
A. while B. which C. that D. since
10.＿＿＿＿＿＿is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.NMET 95
A. There B. This C. That D. It
11.＿＿＿＿＿was in 1979＿＿＿＿＿I graduated from the university.NMET 98上海
A. Thatthat B. Itthat C .Thatwhen D. Itwhen
12. It was for this reason＿＿＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)er uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.?。烴MT 2001春，上海
A. which B. why C. that D. how
13. It is the protection for the trees＿＿＿＿really mattersrather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that C.／ D. which
14.-- Was that the new comer who walked by﹖＿＿＿＿＿.
A. It must be that B. It must have been C. He must be D. This must have been
15. Our classroom is very clean.Do you nowho＿＿cleanedit﹖
A. was it that B. it was that C. was it who D.he was
16. Now thenchildren. It's high time you＿＿＿＿＿＿and dressed.
A. washed B. should wash C. were washed D. are washed
17.＿＿＿＿＿the people have become the master of their own country＿＿＿＿＿＿＿science can really serve the people.
A. It is only then；that B. It was that；when C. It is only when；that D. It was when；then
18. It was＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I met Mr. Green in Shanghai.
A. ten years since B. many years ago that C. five years until D. Two months when
key：BDBAA DDDCD BCBBB CCB
D.常用的十個與it 有關(guān)的句型
1.It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that ...句型1 主要用于強(qiáng)凋時間狀語，譯成漢語＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以說是 not ... until ... 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式
2.It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...該句型意為"是某人該干某事的時候了".這是一個虛擬語氣句型,表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣,句型2中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是
① 用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬．
② should + 動詞原形，should 不能省．常譯為＂是（正是）．．．的時侯．．．＂
It is high time that we went to school.現(xiàn)在是我們該去上學(xué)的時候了。
3. It is /was /will be the first /second...time that...
該句型意為"這是/將是……第一/二……次干某事".當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞用is時,從句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時;當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞用was時,從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時;當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞用will be時,從句的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(表示將來)。如:
It is the first time that I have spoken to a foreigner.這是我首次和一位外國人交談。
句型3要和句型2區(qū)別開來，該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態(tài)，至于用什么完成時態(tài)，由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)決定，如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；如果是一般過去時，后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)．
該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；
it有時用 this 替換．常譯為＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂
4. It is .... since ... 意為"自……以來已有多長時間了"或"自不……以來已有多長時間了"。
句型4主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時，又要和表示一段時間時間狀語連用的問題．主句中是時間作表語，一般是現(xiàn)在時或完成時，since 引導(dǎo)的從句一般是一般過去時態(tài)，而且是瞬間動詞．如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時．
注意:在該句型中若since從句的謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞,則表示從句中的動作延續(xù)多長時間了;若since從句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)動詞,則表示從句中的動作已結(jié)束多長時間了,譯成漢語時要特別注意.如:
It is just a week since we arrived in Beijing.我們到達(dá)北京剛好一星期。
It is five years since I last smoked.我戒煙已有五年的時間了。
5.It is /was /will be +……+before從句
這一句型意為"還有……時間就……".如:
It won't be long before you reach your goal.你離成功不遠(yuǎn)了。
It wasn’t long before… 不久，。。。。
6. It takes sb.+time+to do sth.
句型6中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時間．常譯為＂做．．．要花費(fèi)某人．．．＂
7. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
句型號7中的真正主語是動名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )
8.It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 常譯為?。⒉徽摚ㄊ欠瘢疀]關(guān)系．”
9. It looks ( seems ) as if ...
句型９中的 as if 引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句，常譯為，＂看起來好象．．．＂如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣．
Eg. It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）
It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生病）
It seemed as if he were dying.
10. It is up to sb. to do sth.
該句型意為"該由某人負(fù)責(zé)干某事"。如:
It is up to you to look after the children.應(yīng)該由你負(fù)責(zé)照看這些孩子。
典型試題：
(1)It was not until 1936______basketball became a part of the Olympic Games.
A.which B.than C.that D.then
(2) It was between 1920 and 1930_______television was invented in America.
A.which B.that C.then D.when
(3)______ took us several hours to clear the snows and open the road to traffic.
A.They B.All C.He D.It
(4)_______ is believed that the more your brain is used , the more work it is able to do.
A.That B.It C.This D.All
(5)_______ doesn’t matter what you do at this point.
A.That B.This C.It D.What
(6) We all regard________our duty to help those who are too poor to go to school.
A.that B.this C.it D.what
Answer CBDBCC
歷屆高考英語單項選擇題精選 "it"的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B.that C.its D.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this B.that C.he D.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when ,that B.until,that C.until,that D.when,then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A.that B.this C.on D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A.There B.This C.That D.It (95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until B.that C.then D.so (97)
10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it B.that C.thes D.them (98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.that C.what D.it (2000)
KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B