英漢兩種語(yǔ)言，由于表達(dá)方式不盡相同，翻譯時(shí)既可能要將詞類加以轉(zhuǎn)換，又可能要在詞量上加以增減。增補(bǔ)法就是在翻譯時(shí)按意義上和句法上的需要增加一些詞來(lái)更忠實(shí)通順地表達(dá)原文的思想內(nèi)容。這當(dāng)然不是無(wú)中生有地隨意增詞，而是增加原文中雖無(wú)其詞而有其意的一些詞。
一、增加詞匯
1.增加名詞
According to scientists, it takes nature500years to create an inch of topsoil.
參考譯文:根據(jù)科學(xué)家們的看法，自然界要用500年的時(shí)間才能形成一英寸厚的表面土壤。
2.增加動(dòng)詞
The cities utilize these funds for education, police and fire departments, public works and municipal buildings.
參考譯文:市政府將這些資金用于興辦教育事業(yè)，加強(qiáng)治安消防，投資公共建筑和市政工程。
3.增加形容詞
With what enthusiasm the chinese people are building socialism.
參考譯文:中國(guó)人民正在以多么高的熱情建設(shè)社會(huì)主義啊！
4.增加副詞
Theory is something, but practice is everything.
參考譯文:理論固然重要，實(shí)踐尤其重要。
5.增加表示名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞
When the plants died and decayed, they formed layers of organic materials.
參考譯文:植物腐爛后，形成了一層層有機(jī)物。
6.增加語(yǔ)氣詞
As for me, i didn''t agree from the very beginning.
參考譯文:我呢，從一開(kāi)始就不贊成。
7.增加量詞
A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.
參考譯文:一輪紅日從風(fēng)平浪靜的海面冉冉升起。
8.增加概況詞
We have got great achievements militarily, politically and economically.
參考譯文:我們?cè)谲娛隆⒄?、?jīng)濟(jì)等方面取得了巨大的成績(jī)。
一、增加詞匯
1.增加名詞
According to scientists, it takes nature500years to create an inch of topsoil.
參考譯文:根據(jù)科學(xué)家們的看法，自然界要用500年的時(shí)間才能形成一英寸厚的表面土壤。
2.增加動(dòng)詞
The cities utilize these funds for education, police and fire departments, public works and municipal buildings.
參考譯文:市政府將這些資金用于興辦教育事業(yè)，加強(qiáng)治安消防，投資公共建筑和市政工程。
3.增加形容詞
With what enthusiasm the chinese people are building socialism.
參考譯文:中國(guó)人民正在以多么高的熱情建設(shè)社會(huì)主義啊！
4.增加副詞
Theory is something, but practice is everything.
參考譯文:理論固然重要，實(shí)踐尤其重要。
5.增加表示名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞
When the plants died and decayed, they formed layers of organic materials.
參考譯文:植物腐爛后，形成了一層層有機(jī)物。
6.增加語(yǔ)氣詞
As for me, i didn''t agree from the very beginning.
參考譯文:我呢，從一開(kāi)始就不贊成。
7.增加量詞
A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.
參考譯文:一輪紅日從風(fēng)平浪靜的海面冉冉升起。
8.增加概況詞
We have got great achievements militarily, politically and economically.
參考譯文:我們?cè)谲娛隆⒄?、?jīng)濟(jì)等方面取得了巨大的成績(jī)。