歷年考研英語(yǔ)真題同源難句精選
考研英語(yǔ)的文章一般選自國(guó)外的期刊或雜志，如《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》、《泰晤士報(bào)》、《自然》、《時(shí)代周刊》等。為體現(xiàn)本書的實(shí)時(shí)性與真實(shí)性，本章摘選了來自這些期刊中最為熱門的文章中的語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行分析，希望幫助考生在復(fù)習(xí)過程中既掌握有效的理解長(zhǎng)難句的方法，又能獲得第一手相關(guān)信息。
一、定語(yǔ)從句
【難句1】He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to devicemakers, content producers and mobilenetwork operators. (The Economist Jan. 5, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句首部分He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television是主句，其后的a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media…作mobile television的同位語(yǔ)，句末的關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句which offers new opportunities to devicemakers, content producers and mobilenetwork operators來修飾先行詞a nascent industry，關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】他談到了眾人對(duì)移動(dòng)電視的巨大興趣，這是一個(gè)在電信和媒體領(lǐng)域有交叉的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，它給設(shè)備制造商、電視內(nèi)容制作者以及移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商提供了新的機(jī)遇。
【難句2】Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a videocapable version of its iPod portable musicplayer in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives” and “Law & Order”. (The Economist Jan. 5, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句使用了分隔結(jié)構(gòu)，體現(xiàn)了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句分隔，從句which launched a videocapable version of its iPod portable musicplayer in October修飾主語(yǔ)Apple Computer(關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作主語(yǔ))分隔了主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞。連接后得到Meanwhile, Apple Computer is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows…其中that又引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句that can be purchased for viewing on the device…修飾先行詞shows(關(guān)系代詞that在從句作主語(yǔ)，從句中使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))，句末的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives” and “Law & Order”作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表明range of shows的具體內(nèi)容。
【參考譯文】與此同時(shí)，蘋果電腦公司在10月發(fā)售了一款可以觀看電視的便攜式音樂播放器iPod，這個(gè)播放器大大幫助了電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)大其可以供用戶購(gòu)買的、用于在移動(dòng)終端的節(jié)目范圍， 包括《迷失》、《絕望的主婦》以及《法律與秩序》。
二、名詞性從句
【難句12】The console can determine how the controller is moving in space and what it is pointing at, and uses that information to control what is happening on screen. (The Economist Dec. 2, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】以逗號(hào)后and為切入點(diǎn)，得到主句部分的并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)The console can determine…, and uses that information to control…，uses與can determine一起作該句的謂語(yǔ)。其中determine的賓語(yǔ)也以and切入，得到how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how the controller is moving in space和what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句what it is pointing at(how在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，what在從句中作賓語(yǔ));在use的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)to control…中，control的賓語(yǔ)使用了what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句what is happening on screen充當(dāng)，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】游戲機(jī)能測(cè)出手柄的移動(dòng)軌跡，識(shí)別手柄指著屏幕上的什么東西，然后根據(jù)得到的信息控制屏幕上的游戲。
三、分隔結(jié)構(gòu)
【難句26】Adding a Bluetooth chip to a phone now costs very little—around $2, down from $20 in 2001—but allows the manufacturer to increase the price of the handset by far more, and opens up a new market for highmargin accessories. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是典型的破折號(hào)分隔。首先以連詞為切入點(diǎn)，得到Adding a Bluetooth chip to a phone now costs…but allows…, and opens up…，介詞短語(yǔ)around $2, down from $20 in 2001充當(dāng)?shù)姆指舫煞肿魃衔腸osts very little的具體解釋說明，分隔了前兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】在手機(jī)里添加一個(gè)藍(lán)牙芯片的成本很低——從2001年時(shí)的20美元下降到2美元左右——但是可以允許制造者提高遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高出這個(gè)的價(jià)格，并且打開了一個(gè)高利潤(rùn)附件的市場(chǎng)。
【難句27】It was refreshing, across the age groups of the children I met, to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives. (The Guardian Sep. 12, 2007)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句使用了兩處分隔，均由逗號(hào)表現(xiàn)。第一處分隔across the age groups of the children I met,分隔了主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的一種特殊形式，即形容詞+to do作表語(yǔ)。去掉分隔部分，我們得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives。這里我們注意到see后面的賓語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)：how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how…清晰看到第二處分隔為介賓短語(yǔ)with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me作的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。去掉分隔，得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives，即由and并列的兩個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。在第二個(gè)從句中，謂語(yǔ)say后仍然是由how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how relevant they were to their daily lives充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。在翻譯時(shí)，我們可將兩個(gè)分隔部分所作的狀語(yǔ)提前。
【參考譯文】在我所見到的同年齡段的孩子們中，在我和他們的老師只給了一點(diǎn)兒提示的情況下，見證他們?nèi)绾慰焖俚仡I(lǐng)會(huì)人權(quán)的整體觀念，如何認(rèn)識(shí)到人權(quán)與他們的生活密切相關(guān)，這一點(diǎn)是非常讓人興奮的。
考研英語(yǔ)的文章一般選自國(guó)外的期刊或雜志，如《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》、《泰晤士報(bào)》、《自然》、《時(shí)代周刊》等。為體現(xiàn)本書的實(shí)時(shí)性與真實(shí)性，本章摘選了來自這些期刊中最為熱門的文章中的語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行分析，希望幫助考生在復(fù)習(xí)過程中既掌握有效的理解長(zhǎng)難句的方法，又能獲得第一手相關(guān)信息。
一、定語(yǔ)從句
【難句1】He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to devicemakers, content producers and mobilenetwork operators. (The Economist Jan. 5, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句首部分He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television是主句，其后的a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media…作mobile television的同位語(yǔ)，句末的關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句which offers new opportunities to devicemakers, content producers and mobilenetwork operators來修飾先行詞a nascent industry，關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】他談到了眾人對(duì)移動(dòng)電視的巨大興趣，這是一個(gè)在電信和媒體領(lǐng)域有交叉的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，它給設(shè)備制造商、電視內(nèi)容制作者以及移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商提供了新的機(jī)遇。
【難句2】Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a videocapable version of its iPod portable musicplayer in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives” and “Law & Order”. (The Economist Jan. 5, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句使用了分隔結(jié)構(gòu)，體現(xiàn)了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句分隔，從句which launched a videocapable version of its iPod portable musicplayer in October修飾主語(yǔ)Apple Computer(關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作主語(yǔ))分隔了主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞。連接后得到Meanwhile, Apple Computer is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows…其中that又引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句that can be purchased for viewing on the device…修飾先行詞shows(關(guān)系代詞that在從句作主語(yǔ)，從句中使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))，句末的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives” and “Law & Order”作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表明range of shows的具體內(nèi)容。
【參考譯文】與此同時(shí)，蘋果電腦公司在10月發(fā)售了一款可以觀看電視的便攜式音樂播放器iPod，這個(gè)播放器大大幫助了電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)大其可以供用戶購(gòu)買的、用于在移動(dòng)終端的節(jié)目范圍， 包括《迷失》、《絕望的主婦》以及《法律與秩序》。
二、名詞性從句
【難句12】The console can determine how the controller is moving in space and what it is pointing at, and uses that information to control what is happening on screen. (The Economist Dec. 2, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】以逗號(hào)后and為切入點(diǎn)，得到主句部分的并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)The console can determine…, and uses that information to control…，uses與can determine一起作該句的謂語(yǔ)。其中determine的賓語(yǔ)也以and切入，得到how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how the controller is moving in space和what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句what it is pointing at(how在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，what在從句中作賓語(yǔ));在use的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)to control…中，control的賓語(yǔ)使用了what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句what is happening on screen充當(dāng)，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】游戲機(jī)能測(cè)出手柄的移動(dòng)軌跡，識(shí)別手柄指著屏幕上的什么東西，然后根據(jù)得到的信息控制屏幕上的游戲。
三、分隔結(jié)構(gòu)
【難句26】Adding a Bluetooth chip to a phone now costs very little—around $2, down from $20 in 2001—but allows the manufacturer to increase the price of the handset by far more, and opens up a new market for highmargin accessories. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是典型的破折號(hào)分隔。首先以連詞為切入點(diǎn)，得到Adding a Bluetooth chip to a phone now costs…but allows…, and opens up…，介詞短語(yǔ)around $2, down from $20 in 2001充當(dāng)?shù)姆指舫煞肿魃衔腸osts very little的具體解釋說明，分隔了前兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】在手機(jī)里添加一個(gè)藍(lán)牙芯片的成本很低——從2001年時(shí)的20美元下降到2美元左右——但是可以允許制造者提高遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高出這個(gè)的價(jià)格，并且打開了一個(gè)高利潤(rùn)附件的市場(chǎng)。
【難句27】It was refreshing, across the age groups of the children I met, to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives. (The Guardian Sep. 12, 2007)
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句使用了兩處分隔，均由逗號(hào)表現(xiàn)。第一處分隔across the age groups of the children I met,分隔了主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的一種特殊形式，即形容詞+to do作表語(yǔ)。去掉分隔部分，我們得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives。這里我們注意到see后面的賓語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)：how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how…清晰看到第二處分隔為介賓短語(yǔ)with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me作的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。去掉分隔，得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives，即由and并列的兩個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。在第二個(gè)從句中，謂語(yǔ)say后仍然是由how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how relevant they were to their daily lives充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。在翻譯時(shí)，我們可將兩個(gè)分隔部分所作的狀語(yǔ)提前。
【參考譯文】在我所見到的同年齡段的孩子們中，在我和他們的老師只給了一點(diǎn)兒提示的情況下，見證他們?nèi)绾慰焖俚仡I(lǐng)會(huì)人權(quán)的整體觀念，如何認(rèn)識(shí)到人權(quán)與他們的生活密切相關(guān)，這一點(diǎn)是非常讓人興奮的。