不定代詞
一、“every”（每一個）只作為定語使用，即必須在其后加上單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語，它不可與everyone（每一個）混淆。everyone相當于名詞，它不可修飾其他名詞，只作主語或賓語。
1）Every [A] knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated，but how many [B] realize that they were once [C] homes for the indigent and the friendless [D] ？
2）Everyone [A] child in the United States must [B] receive [C] some form of educational instruction [D] .
例題解析
1）A錯。every不可單獨充當句子成分，應(yīng)在其后加上person或改為everyone。
2）A錯。改為Every，修飾child。
二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞，可作為代詞（如much of）和形容詞使用。
3）Food seasoning plays an important [A] role in the cooking [B] customs of much [C] cultures in [D] the world.
4）The general sales tax has been [A] a major source of income for state governments，much [B] of which derive more than half [C] of their budgets from [D] it.
5）Data received from [A] two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence [B] that huge thunderstorms are now occurring [C] around the equator [D] of the planet Saturn.
例題解析
3）C錯。應(yīng)改為of many，因為被修飾詞cultures為可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語應(yīng)用many，而much要修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
4）B錯。應(yīng)改用many，因此處所指代的是可數(shù)名詞governments（復(fù)數(shù)），many在本句中為代詞，作非限定性定語從句的主語。
5）B錯。應(yīng)改為much evidence，因為evidence（證據(jù)，跡象）為不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)用much來修飾。
三、“some”和“any”是表示不定數(shù)量的代詞，相當于漢語的“一些”，作定語可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，其中some（包括它的合成詞something，someone，somebody）多用于肯定句，而any（包括它的合成詞anything，anyone，anybody）則用于疑問句和否定句中，其中any在否定句中相當于漢語中的“任何”；形容詞修飾something，someone，somebody，anything，anyone，anybody，nothing，nobody時，形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊。
6）Historians [A] have never reached some general [B] agreement about [C] the precise causes of the [D] Civil War in the United States.
例題解析
6）B錯。應(yīng)為any general，因為本句為否定句（否定副詞never），應(yīng)該用any，此處表示“（沒有達成過） 任何共識”。
四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個”（an+other）和“另外的”其余的“意思，可以用作定語修飾名詞或單獨作主語與賓語，其中前者只用來修飾或指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，后者修飾單復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，二者不能相互混淆。
7）Lizards lack [A] the built in body temperature control [B] many another [C] creatures possess [D] .
8）Some bacterium are extremely [A] harmful，but anothers [B] are regularly [C] used in producing cheeses，crackers，and many other foods [D] .
9）Like [A] most another [B] art forms，the Greek tragedy had [C] its origins in religious [D] observances.
例題解析
7）C錯。應(yīng)改用other來修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞creatures.本句是一個省略了關(guān)系代詞that（或which）的定語從句，control為名詞作主句中及物動詞（謂語）lack的賓語，同時又受其后面定語從句的修飾。
8）B錯。改為others。
9）B錯。改為other。
五、one與other “one”作為代詞代替前面提到的人或物，它前邊加the；“other”作代詞修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。“one…another”表示“一個…另一個”的意思，或表示多個（三者以上）之中的“另一個”，“又一個”； “one…the other”表示兩者之中剩下的“另一個，又一個”。
10）I'd like to [A] buy a coat similar [B] to one [C] you are wearing [D] .
11）Though [A] Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slight [B] vision in another [C] ，he became [D] an internationally renowned jazz musician.
例題解析
10）C錯。改為to the one.
11）C錯。應(yīng)用the other，因為此處表示兩者之中的另一個，Art Tatum為人的名字，他只有兩只眼睛，故提到“另一只”時應(yīng)用the other。
六、“few”和“l(fā)ittle”兩者分別為“many”和“much”的反義詞，表示“少，很少”的意思，有否定含義，即等于“幾乎沒有”，如若表示肯定的含義，則應(yīng)在little和few前加不定冠詞“a”，即變?yōu)椤癮 few”和“a little”。
12）Because they are generally [A] taken simply to obtain a recognizable [B] and relatively clear [C] image，most non prefessional photographs demand few [D] equipment.
例題解析
12）D錯。應(yīng)改用little，因為equipment為不可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語應(yīng)用little，few后面只接可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
七、“a great deal （of）”（大量）只作為限定語修飾不可數(shù)名詞或在句中指代不可數(shù)名詞作主語或賓語。
13） of giftgiving，barter，buying and selling goes on among the Narvjos.
[A] A great deal [B] A great many [C] Much greater [D] Many
例題解析
13）A為正確答案?？瞻缀鬄椴豢蓴?shù)名詞“gift giving，barter，buying”，“[B] A great amny”和“[D] Many”修飾可數(shù)名詞，而“[C] Much greater”本身是形容詞，空檔后不應(yīng)有“of”，所以填“[A] A great deal of”。
八、“nothing but”表示“只不過，就是，只有”
He is nothing but a singer. 他只不過是個唱歌的。
Nothing but a miracle can save us. 只有奇跡才能救我們。
九、“anything but” 表示“根本不，并不”
She is anything but beautiful. 她并不美。
John is anything but a liar. 約翰決不是個騙子。
十、“something of” 表示“略有”
He has seen something of life. 他略有閱歷。
I'm something of a cook. 我略懂烹飪。
（試比較）
He is not much of a scholar. 他算不上個很好（高明）的學(xué)者。
十一、“none other than”表示“就是”
The new arrival was none other than the President. 剛到的那人就是總統(tǒng)本人。
我們要注意none other than 與 other than 的區(qū)別，后者表示“與……不同”
I do not wish him other than he is. 我不希望他改變現(xiàn)狀。
The truth is quite other than what we think. 事實與我們所想的不一樣。
十二、“none”有時可作副詞，表示“一點也不”
We did the work none too well. 我們活干得一點也不好。
十三、nowhere可用以成語：be nowhere一無所得，一事無成；get nowhere一事無成，nowhere near離……很遠。
十四、有些不定代詞同時也是形容詞，或有其他的含義
He is all attention，and she is all eyes. 他十分留意，她也注意力集中。
Everybody who is anybody （somebody）at all will be at the dance.
[句中的“anybody（somebody）”在此當“大人物，重要人物”講。]
一、“every”（每一個）只作為定語使用，即必須在其后加上單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語，它不可與everyone（每一個）混淆。everyone相當于名詞，它不可修飾其他名詞，只作主語或賓語。
1）Every [A] knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated，but how many [B] realize that they were once [C] homes for the indigent and the friendless [D] ？
2）Everyone [A] child in the United States must [B] receive [C] some form of educational instruction [D] .
例題解析
1）A錯。every不可單獨充當句子成分，應(yīng)在其后加上person或改為everyone。
2）A錯。改為Every，修飾child。
二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞，可作為代詞（如much of）和形容詞使用。
3）Food seasoning plays an important [A] role in the cooking [B] customs of much [C] cultures in [D] the world.
4）The general sales tax has been [A] a major source of income for state governments，much [B] of which derive more than half [C] of their budgets from [D] it.
5）Data received from [A] two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence [B] that huge thunderstorms are now occurring [C] around the equator [D] of the planet Saturn.
例題解析
3）C錯。應(yīng)改為of many，因為被修飾詞cultures為可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語應(yīng)用many，而much要修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
4）B錯。應(yīng)改用many，因此處所指代的是可數(shù)名詞governments（復(fù)數(shù)），many在本句中為代詞，作非限定性定語從句的主語。
5）B錯。應(yīng)改為much evidence，因為evidence（證據(jù)，跡象）為不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)用much來修飾。
三、“some”和“any”是表示不定數(shù)量的代詞，相當于漢語的“一些”，作定語可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，其中some（包括它的合成詞something，someone，somebody）多用于肯定句，而any（包括它的合成詞anything，anyone，anybody）則用于疑問句和否定句中，其中any在否定句中相當于漢語中的“任何”；形容詞修飾something，someone，somebody，anything，anyone，anybody，nothing，nobody時，形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊。
6）Historians [A] have never reached some general [B] agreement about [C] the precise causes of the [D] Civil War in the United States.
例題解析
6）B錯。應(yīng)為any general，因為本句為否定句（否定副詞never），應(yīng)該用any，此處表示“（沒有達成過） 任何共識”。
四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個”（an+other）和“另外的”其余的“意思，可以用作定語修飾名詞或單獨作主語與賓語，其中前者只用來修飾或指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，后者修飾單復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，二者不能相互混淆。
7）Lizards lack [A] the built in body temperature control [B] many another [C] creatures possess [D] .
8）Some bacterium are extremely [A] harmful，but anothers [B] are regularly [C] used in producing cheeses，crackers，and many other foods [D] .
9）Like [A] most another [B] art forms，the Greek tragedy had [C] its origins in religious [D] observances.
例題解析
7）C錯。應(yīng)改用other來修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞creatures.本句是一個省略了關(guān)系代詞that（或which）的定語從句，control為名詞作主句中及物動詞（謂語）lack的賓語，同時又受其后面定語從句的修飾。
8）B錯。改為others。
9）B錯。改為other。
五、one與other “one”作為代詞代替前面提到的人或物，它前邊加the；“other”作代詞修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。“one…another”表示“一個…另一個”的意思，或表示多個（三者以上）之中的“另一個”，“又一個”； “one…the other”表示兩者之中剩下的“另一個，又一個”。
10）I'd like to [A] buy a coat similar [B] to one [C] you are wearing [D] .
11）Though [A] Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slight [B] vision in another [C] ，he became [D] an internationally renowned jazz musician.
例題解析
10）C錯。改為to the one.
11）C錯。應(yīng)用the other，因為此處表示兩者之中的另一個，Art Tatum為人的名字，他只有兩只眼睛，故提到“另一只”時應(yīng)用the other。
六、“few”和“l(fā)ittle”兩者分別為“many”和“much”的反義詞，表示“少，很少”的意思，有否定含義，即等于“幾乎沒有”，如若表示肯定的含義，則應(yīng)在little和few前加不定冠詞“a”，即變?yōu)椤癮 few”和“a little”。
12）Because they are generally [A] taken simply to obtain a recognizable [B] and relatively clear [C] image，most non prefessional photographs demand few [D] equipment.
例題解析
12）D錯。應(yīng)改用little，因為equipment為不可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語應(yīng)用little，few后面只接可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
七、“a great deal （of）”（大量）只作為限定語修飾不可數(shù)名詞或在句中指代不可數(shù)名詞作主語或賓語。
13） of giftgiving，barter，buying and selling goes on among the Narvjos.
[A] A great deal [B] A great many [C] Much greater [D] Many
例題解析
13）A為正確答案?？瞻缀鬄椴豢蓴?shù)名詞“gift giving，barter，buying”，“[B] A great amny”和“[D] Many”修飾可數(shù)名詞，而“[C] Much greater”本身是形容詞，空檔后不應(yīng)有“of”，所以填“[A] A great deal of”。
八、“nothing but”表示“只不過，就是，只有”
He is nothing but a singer. 他只不過是個唱歌的。
Nothing but a miracle can save us. 只有奇跡才能救我們。
九、“anything but” 表示“根本不，并不”
She is anything but beautiful. 她并不美。
John is anything but a liar. 約翰決不是個騙子。
十、“something of” 表示“略有”
He has seen something of life. 他略有閱歷。
I'm something of a cook. 我略懂烹飪。
（試比較）
He is not much of a scholar. 他算不上個很好（高明）的學(xué)者。
十一、“none other than”表示“就是”
The new arrival was none other than the President. 剛到的那人就是總統(tǒng)本人。
我們要注意none other than 與 other than 的區(qū)別，后者表示“與……不同”
I do not wish him other than he is. 我不希望他改變現(xiàn)狀。
The truth is quite other than what we think. 事實與我們所想的不一樣。
十二、“none”有時可作副詞，表示“一點也不”
We did the work none too well. 我們活干得一點也不好。
十三、nowhere可用以成語：be nowhere一無所得，一事無成；get nowhere一事無成，nowhere near離……很遠。
十四、有些不定代詞同時也是形容詞，或有其他的含義
He is all attention，and she is all eyes. 他十分留意，她也注意力集中。
Everybody who is anybody （somebody）at all will be at the dance.
[句中的“anybody（somebody）”在此當“大人物，重要人物”講。]