內(nèi)容提要
動詞不定式是一種非限定性動詞，由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成，但它還是屬于動詞，所以它本身可以帶賓語和狀語。動詞不定式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語，還可用在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，而且有完成式、進行式、完成進行式和否定形式。動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進行式。動詞不定式的特殊情況也要掌握。
一、動詞不定式的概念：動詞不定式指由to加上動詞原形（而且只能是動詞原形）所構(gòu)成的一種非限定性動詞，但在有些情況下to可以省略。動詞不定式在語法功能上可作主語1）賓語2）表語3）定語4）狀語。
1） education is the principal way of gaining status in a culture that generally stresses achievement，skillfulness，and upward mobility.
[A] To acquire[B] Acquire[C] Acquires[D] Have acquired
2）We are planning for the entrance examination for postgraduate.
[A] registering[B] register[C] to register [D] registered
3）The most urgent problem now we are facing is to learn the needed materials for the matriculation of postgraduate.
[A] make our every effort[B] to make our every effort
[C] to our every effort[D] made our efforts
4）-Where should I send my application？
-The Personnel Office is the place it to .
[A] sends[B] be sended[C] to be sended [D] to send
5） from others，one should take his promise.
[A] To get confidence [B] To getting confidence
[C] To get confidences[D] Getting to the confidence
說明：以上五句中的斜體是其動詞不定式的附屬部分。
二、動詞不定式的構(gòu)成與形式：動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分，但它畢竟是動詞，所以有動詞的屬性
動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語和狀語中的斜體部分。雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語，但它表達的意義是動作，這一動作一定由使動者發(fā)出。這一使動者我們稱之為邏輯主語?？佳蓄}中，語法中所考動詞不定式部分包括檢測考生是否掌握動詞不定式與其邏輯主語之間的一致，其中主要包括它們之間主動和被動的關(guān)系以及它們在時間上的一致，同時動詞不定式還有其否定形式。所有這些涉及到動詞不定式的各種形式?，F(xiàn)以動詞make為例，其形式如下：
主動形式 被動形式
一般式（not）to make （not）to be made
完成式（not）to have made （not）to have been made
進行式（not）to be making
完成進行式（not）to have been making
6）Some [A] types of naphtha（石油腦）are employed to dissolving [B] rubber [C] and to thin paints and [D] varnish.
7）The Statue of Liberty was originally [A] proposed [B] in 1865 to commemoration [C] the alliance [D] of France with the American colonies during the American Revolution.
8）The purpose [A] of inductive logic [B] is to inferring [C] general laws from particular occurrences [D] .
三、例題解析
1）A為正確答案。2）C為正確答案。3）B為正確答案。4）D為正確答案。5）A為正確答案。
6）B錯。改用動詞原形“dissolve”，不定式符號“to”后只能出現(xiàn)動詞原形。
7）C錯。改為“commemorate”。8）C錯。改為“to infer”，注意句子的主語為“purpose”（目的）。
動詞不定式是一種非限定性動詞，由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成，但它還是屬于動詞，所以它本身可以帶賓語和狀語。動詞不定式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語，還可用在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，而且有完成式、進行式、完成進行式和否定形式。動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進行式。動詞不定式的特殊情況也要掌握。
一、動詞不定式的概念：動詞不定式指由to加上動詞原形（而且只能是動詞原形）所構(gòu)成的一種非限定性動詞，但在有些情況下to可以省略。動詞不定式在語法功能上可作主語1）賓語2）表語3）定語4）狀語。
1） education is the principal way of gaining status in a culture that generally stresses achievement，skillfulness，and upward mobility.
[A] To acquire[B] Acquire[C] Acquires[D] Have acquired
2）We are planning for the entrance examination for postgraduate.
[A] registering[B] register[C] to register [D] registered
3）The most urgent problem now we are facing is to learn the needed materials for the matriculation of postgraduate.
[A] make our every effort[B] to make our every effort
[C] to our every effort[D] made our efforts
4）-Where should I send my application？
-The Personnel Office is the place it to .
[A] sends[B] be sended[C] to be sended [D] to send
5） from others，one should take his promise.
[A] To get confidence [B] To getting confidence
[C] To get confidences[D] Getting to the confidence
說明：以上五句中的斜體是其動詞不定式的附屬部分。
二、動詞不定式的構(gòu)成與形式：動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分，但它畢竟是動詞，所以有動詞的屬性
動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語和狀語中的斜體部分。雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語，但它表達的意義是動作，這一動作一定由使動者發(fā)出。這一使動者我們稱之為邏輯主語?？佳蓄}中，語法中所考動詞不定式部分包括檢測考生是否掌握動詞不定式與其邏輯主語之間的一致，其中主要包括它們之間主動和被動的關(guān)系以及它們在時間上的一致，同時動詞不定式還有其否定形式。所有這些涉及到動詞不定式的各種形式?，F(xiàn)以動詞make為例，其形式如下：
主動形式 被動形式
一般式（not）to make （not）to be made
完成式（not）to have made （not）to have been made
進行式（not）to be making
完成進行式（not）to have been making
6）Some [A] types of naphtha（石油腦）are employed to dissolving [B] rubber [C] and to thin paints and [D] varnish.
7）The Statue of Liberty was originally [A] proposed [B] in 1865 to commemoration [C] the alliance [D] of France with the American colonies during the American Revolution.
8）The purpose [A] of inductive logic [B] is to inferring [C] general laws from particular occurrences [D] .
三、例題解析
1）A為正確答案。2）C為正確答案。3）B為正確答案。4）D為正確答案。5）A為正確答案。
6）B錯。改用動詞原形“dissolve”，不定式符號“to”后只能出現(xiàn)動詞原形。
7）C錯。改為“commemorate”。8）C錯。改為“to infer”，注意句子的主語為“purpose”（目的）。