2011年國際貨代英語輔導(dǎo):海上貨物保險(3)

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    四、Type of Basic Coverage (PICC)幾種基本險別 (考試重點)
    PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clause (中國人民保險公司海上貨物運輸保險條款) 中的三種基本險別:FPA (平安險)、WA/WPA (水漬險)、All Risks (一切險),下面是這三種險別的具體內(nèi)容:
    1、 Free of Particular Average (FPA) 平安險
    平安險的英文意思是:單獨海損不陪,它是責(zé)任范圍最小的一個險別(其中particular average: 單獨海損;free of:無...的, 在...外面, 擺脫...的)
    平安險的承保范圍:
    1)The risks covered in FPA coverage basically means that only total or constructive total loss of the whole consignment of cargo but no partial loss or damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities, such as heavy weather, lighting, tsunami, earthquake and flood.
    平安險承包的風(fēng)險范圍指由自然災(zāi)害,比如惡劣的氣候;雷電;海嘯,地震和洪水造成的整批貨物的全部損失或者推定全損(但不包括部分損失),這種情況下可以從保險商那里獲得賠償。
    注釋:basically: 基本上,主要地 total: 全部的,整個的 constructive total loss: 推定全損 (constructive: 推定的,解釋性的,推定全損是指保險標(biāo)的發(fā)生保險事故后,認為實際全損已不可避免,或者為避免發(fā)生實際全損所需支付的費用超過保險價值的,為推定全損。)
    consignment:所托運的貨物,交付,委托 cargo: 貨物 partial loss: 部分損失 recoverable: 可重獲的 result from: 由...產(chǎn)生 natural calamities: 自然災(zāi)害 heavy weather: 惡劣氣候(heavy: 原意為“重的,沉重的”,在這里我們引申為“惡劣的”) lighting: 閃電 tsunami: 海嘯 earthquake: 地震 flood: 洪水;水災(zāi)
    2)Total loss or partial loss is recoverable from the insurer incurred as a result of specific casualties, e.g., collision, stranding, sinking of the vessel. 包括由特殊災(zāi)難,比如船只的互撞、擱淺、沉沒等引起的全部損失或部分損失。
    注釋:incur: 招致,招到 as a result of: 作為…的結(jié)果 specific: 特殊的,特定的 casualty: 嚴(yán)重的意外,事故,災(zāi)難 collision: 碰撞,沖突 stranding: 擱淺 sinking: 沉沒
    3) FPA also covers general average and salvage charges, reasonable costs incurred by the insured in salvaging the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the policy.
    平安險還包括共同海損和救助費用,(共同海損和救助費用)是指被保險人對承保范圍內(nèi)的貨物采取搶救、防止或盡可能減少貨損的措施而支付的合理費用
    注釋:general average: 共同海損 salvage charge: (海上)救助費用 reasonable: 合理的(reasonable costs: 合理費用) the assured: 被保險人 averting: 避免,防止 minimizing: 是minimize的名詞形式,意為“減到最小;減少”。
    4)Losses attributable to discharge of the insured goods at the port of distress following a sea peril as well as special charges arising from loading, warehousing and forwarding of the goods at an intermediate port of call or refuge are also covered in FPA. 平安險還包括運輸工具遭遇海難后,由于在避難港卸貨所引起的損失以及在中途港、避難港由于卸貨、存?zhèn)}以及運送貨物所產(chǎn)生的特別費用。
    注釋:attributable to: 歸因于,歸屬于 port of distress:避難港 sea peril:海難 intermediate: 中途的,中轉(zhuǎn)的 refuge:避難處