Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
給你的外國朋友寫一封信，告訴他(她)你已經(jīng)被美國的一所大學錄取，但你苦惱的是自己的聽力和口語水平不夠，你想尋求他(她)對于如何提高聽力和口語的建議。
Part II Reading Comprehension (skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Robot Cars to Do Battle in Desert Race
When 15 competitors lined up in Nevada last year for the U.S. Defense Department's first million-dollar robot race, hopes were high. The challenge: to drive a vehicle without a human driver or remote control some 150 miles (241 kilometers) through the Mojave Desert.
But those hopes quickly went up in a cloud of dust as most robots barely managed to get off the starting line. The best performer, a modified Humvee built by engineers at Pennsylvania's Carnegie Mellon University, traveled 7 miles (11 kilometers) before breaking down.
To robot devotees(熱愛者), however, it was a miinor hiccup.
No surprise, then, that 43 teams showed up to try out for this year's race, dubbed(被稱作) the Grand Challenge. For the past week, teams ranging from garage enthusiasts to well-funded university engineers have been fine-tuning their machines at qualifying rounds here at the California Speedway in Fontana, California. (Watch the robots in action in our exclusive video.)
Twenty-three finalists were announced Thursday for Saturday's Grand Challenge. The 175-mile (282-kilometer) course starts and finishes in Primm, Nevada.
The race promises to be even tougher than last year's run. But 18 months is an eternity in the robotics world, and the technology has vastly improved.
Organizers believe several teams have a real shot of finishing the race in less than ten hours to earn the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars.
"When the first team out of the chute(斜道)—Mojavaton, a small team out of Colorado—made it successfully around the 2.2-mile (3.5-kilometer) qualification course, I knew right there and then that we had something special," said Ron Kurjanowicz, the chief of staff for the Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which is sponsoring the race.
Unknown Course
The aim of the Grand Challenge, Defense Department officials say, is to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles that can operate in dangerous environments, such as war zones, keeping soldiers out of harm's way.
A U.S. Congress mandate(訓令)requires that one-third of military ground vehicles drive themselves by 2015, but the technology to meet that mandate does not yet exist.
So the government looked to enterprising teams to develop the technology for driverless vehicles, sweetening its offer with the two-million-dollar purse.
None of the 23 teams knows what lies ahead for this year's race. DARPA won't reveal the exact route until two hours before the start of the race on Saturday.
But the obstacles on the Fontana qualification course-including a steel—enforced tunnel that wipes out a vehicle's global positioning system—are made to resemble the rugged, real-life conditions that the vehicles will have to navigate.
The vehicles use sensors such as lasers, cameras, and radar to help them avoid obstacles such as rocks and cliffs. The computer's brain has to figure out how to resolve unexpected conflicts, like a boulder sitting in the middle of the road.
our house to the store," Kurjanowicz said. "These vehicles have to do the same thing, without a driver."
Among the top contenders in Saturday's race is TerraMax, a massive truck originally built by the Wisconsin-based Oshkosh Truck Corporation for the U.S. Marine corps.
In last year's race, TerraMax managed to go only 1.2 miles (2 kilometers). Team leader Gary Schmiedel expects to do much better this year. He pointed to the new all-wheel steering feature on the truck as an important addition.
"We can move this large, 15-ton (13.5-metric ton) payload vehicle in a turn that's equivalent to that of a Humvee," he said.
Ghostrider
The resources of teams like TerraMax or Carnegie Mellon University, which has two vehicles in the race this year, are a far cry from those of some of the other competitors, including inventors, electricians, and even a high school team.
One entry, from a Southern California team of engineers, racers, and hot-rodders, is called It Came From the Garage. It has a beer keg(小桶)stuck on the back and an on-off switch that says "brain."
"Most of the schools and organizations we're up against are just accessorizing conventional vehicles," said team leader Chris "C.J." Pedersen, a former actor. "Our [vehicle] is a custom-built, 21st-century hot rod... complete with hood scoop and exhaust coming off the side."
Anthony Levandowski, a robotics builder from Berkeley, California, is back with Ghostrider, the only motorcycle robot in the qualifications. Studded with sensors and computers, it toppled (翻倒)over after 3 feet (1 meter) in last year's race.
Levandowski, who had to postpone his graduate studies when he couldn't find a faculty advisor who believed it would be possible to build the motorcycle robot, says his vehicle has some distinct advantages.
"We're smaller and go a lot more places," he said while tinkering with the robot before another trial run. "We're also a lot less expe nsive. This bike costs as much as a tire or a wheel of some of these other guys' machines."
Smart Money
Neither Ghostrider nor It Came From the Garage made the final cut this week's qualifying races.
However, another crowd-pleaser, Cajunbot—or the Ragin' Cajun—a converted all-terrain vehicle developed by a team from the University of Louisiana in Lafayette, did.
The smart money in Saturday's race may be on Stanley, a converted Volkswagen Touareg made by a team at California's Stanford University. It was the only vehicle that didn't hit an obstacle in the trial runs.
Even if none of the vehicles finishes the race this year, DARPA's Kurjanowicz said, the event has succeeded in galvanizing robotics developers and pushing the creation of new technologies.
"The beauty of the Grand Challenge is that it doesn't tell people how to solve the problem," he said. "The community has come up with its own elegant solutions."
1. The passage mainly describes the advantages and disadvantages of robot car races.
2. Last year's robot race in Nevada was a great success.
3. It is a surprise that up to 43 teams came for this year's race called the Grand Challenge.
4. The Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA) is sponsoring the race.
5. The aim of the Grand Challenge is to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles.
6. Ghostrider and It Came From the Garage both made the final cut at this week's qualifying races.
7. TerraMax will finish the race and win the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars.
8. The obstacles on the Fontana qualification course are made to resemble the ________________.
9. The only motorcycle robot in the qualifications is ________________.
10. The only vehicle that didn't hit an obstacle in the trial runs is ________________.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. [A] At the department store. [C] In the restaurant.
[B] At the office. [D] In the drug store.
12. [A] The man shouldn't expect her to go along.
[B] She doesn't think she has enough money.
[C] She'll go even though the movie is bad.
[D] The man should count the number of people going.
13. [A] She wasn't really studying.
[B] She hadn't finished writing her articles.
[C] She had furnished her house.
[D] She could write beautifully.
14. [A] The problem may have been a very complicated one.
[B] No one can do it.
[C] The woman thinks that the problem is too easy.
[D] The man can solve the problem himself.
15. [A] The janitor is too busy to do his work.
[B] The sanitary conditions of an apartment.
[C] The relationship between the janitor and the two speakers.
[D] The architecture of a building.
16. [A] He can't tear either piece of cloth. [C] The pieces of cloth are made by a secret process.
[B] He wants part of each piece of cloth. [D] The pieces of cloth seem identical to him.
17. [A] Tuesday. [C] Thursday.
[B] Wednesday. [D] Friday.
18. [A] A photographer's camera. [C] A movie camera.
[B] A television camera. [D] The man's own camera.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. [A] Memories of a recent storm. [C] Weather patterns that can affect Florida.
[B] How strong winds develop into a hurricane. [D] Planning a summer vacation.
20. [A] Late summer is sunny season. [C] Late summer is rainy season.
[B] Late summer is hurricane season. [D] Late summer is cloudy season.
21. [A] Wind speed. [C] Water temperature.
[B] Rainfall. [D] Direction of approach.
22. [A] By name. [C] By location.
[B] By number. [D] By month.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. [A] Her professor did not like her story.
[B] She had trouble finishing her assignment.
[C] She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.
[D] She was taking too many courses.
24. [A] Take some extra time. [C] Do some work for another course.
[B] Do a writing exercise. [D] Write the story ending first.
25. [A] To go shopping. [C] To meet with her professor.
[B] To do research for her story. [D] To take a break from her work.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. [A] Given by the local government. [C] Bought from different cities and villages.
[B] Born by a large number of bitches. [D] Captured over grassland.
27. [A] 11-week course for control duty. [C] 9-week course for control duty.
[B] 11-week course for patrol duty. [D] 9-week course for patrol duty.
28. [A] Catching runaway criminals. [C] Patrolling the dangerous town.
[B] Scratching the hidden bombs. [D] Drug-sniffing or bomb-sniffing.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. [A] Gold was discovered.
[B] The transcontinental railroad was completed.
[C] The golden Gate Bridge was constructed.
[D] Telegraph communications were established with the East.
30. [A] About two million. [C] About five million.
[B] About three million. [D] About six million.
31. [A] 19 million dollars. [C] 37 million dollars.
[B] 32 million dollars. [D] 42 million dollars.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. [A] Computers have become part of our daily lives.
[B] Computers have advantages as well as disadvantages.
[C] People have different attitudes to computers.
[D] More and more families will own computers.
33. [A] Computers can bring financial problems.
[B] Computers can bring unemployment.
[C] Computers can be very useful in families.
[D] Computerized robots can take over some unpleasant jobs.
34. [A] Computers may change the life they have been accustomed to.
[B] Spending too much time on computers may spoil people's relationship.
[C] Buying computers may cost a lot of money.
[D] Computers may take over human beings altogether.
35. [A] Affectionate. [C] Approving
[B] Disapproving. [D] Neutral.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Development banks are international lending groups. They lend money to developing countries to help fuel economic growth and social (36) ________. They are not part of the World Bank, the International (37) ________ Fund or the United Nations. The money comes from member countries and borrowing on world markets.
Development banks provide long-term loans at market (38) ________. They provide even longer-term loans at below-market interest rates. These banks also provide technical (39) ________ and (40) ________.
There are four main ones. The oldest is the Inter-American Development Bank in Washington, D.C. It began in 1959. President Juscelino Kubitschek of Brazil had (41) ________ a bank to aid economic growth in the Americas. The (42) ________ of American States agreed. Today the bank is worth over 100,000 million dollars. It holds only 4 percent of that. The other money is (43) ________ by its members. (44) ________________________________________. 26 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean borrow from the bank.
The African Development Bank has its roots in an agreement signed in Sudan in 1963. It is based in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. (45) ___________________________ _____________. The country with the most votes in the bank is Nigeria, followed as of July by the United States, Japan and Egypt.
The Asian Development Bank started in 1966. It is based in Manila, in the Philippines. There are 63 members, mostly in Asia. (46) ________________________________________.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage
A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?
It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.
50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.
Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸鹽). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.
Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.
"We've only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time," said one scientist.
[A] Recently
[B] consumers
[C] chemicals
[D] environment
[E] combine
[F] transparent
[G] buy
[H] companion [I] experts
[J] forms
[K] bury
[L] paper
[M] paper
[N] plastic
[O] Usually
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.
Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed (嗅出)something suspicious in the grain pile.
Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"—string of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.
The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and the king of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.
57. Which of the following is TRUE about memory?
[A] It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.
[B] It is based on the decisions we made in the past.
[C] It is rooted in our past habits and skills.
[D] It connects our past experiences with the present.
58. According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT that ________.
[A] it involves a change in one's behavior
[B] it keeps information for later use
[C] it warns people not to do things repeatedly
[D] it enables one to remember events that happened in the past
59. What is the author's view about computers and human beings in terms of intelligence?
[A] Computers have better memory than a child does.
[B] Computers are as intelligent as a teenager is.
[C] Computers can understand as many as 100,000 words.
[D] Human beings are far superior to computers.
60. What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author?
[A] It can be expanded by language. [C] It may keep all the information in the past.
[B] It can remember all the combined words. [D] It may change what has been stored in it.
61. Human beings make themselves different from other animals by _______.
[A] having the ability to perceive danger
[B] having a far greater memory capacity
[C] having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight
[D] having the ability to draw on past experiences
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.
"Family" is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of "family" in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family— hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life.
For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one's parents and starting one's own life. The man's first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife's to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wife's parents nor the husband's, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.
Readers of novels like Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by the girl's parents, that is, it was the parents' duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents' home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry(嫁妝). It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.
62. What does the author mean by "'Family' is of course an elastic word"?
[A] Different families have different ways of life.
[B] Different definitions could be given to the word.
[C] Different nations have different families.
[D] Different times produce different families.
63. For an English family, the husband's duty is ________.
[A] supporting the family while the wife is financial
[B] defending the family while the wife is running the home
[C] financial while the wife is running the home
[D] independent while the wife is dependent
64. Everything is decided in a family ________.
[A] by the couple [C] by brothers and sisters
[B] with the help of their parents [D] with the help of aunts and uncles
65. What is TRUE concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?
[A] It is the best book on marriage.
[B] It is a handbook of marriage.
[C] It gives quite some ideas of English social life in the past.
[D] It provides a lot of information of former time wealthy families.
66. With regard to marriage in Britain, present day girls differ from form er time girls in ________.
[A] the right to marry [C] choosing husbands
[B] more parental support [D] social position
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [d] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
An adult giraffe's head is about six feet above its heart. This means that to 67 enough blood up to the brain the circulatory 68 must be strong enough to keep the blood at very high pressure.
Biologists have known for some time that giraffes solve this problem by having 69 high blood pressure, about 70 that of human beings. But an international team of biologists began to 71 about this. If giraffes have such high blood pressure, they should have a 72 problem with swelling in their legs and feet. Why don't giraffes have swollen feet?
Giraffes should have 73 problem, too. Every time they bend heads 74 to drink, the blood should 75 to their heads and have a hard time 76 back up (when the head is down) to the heart. How come giraffes don't black out when they drink?
The answer to the 77 feet problem, the researchers found, is that giraffes have 78 the researchers call a "natural anti-gravity suit". It 79 out that the skin and other 80 in their legs and feet are 81 stiffer and tougher than those of other 82 . As a result, the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell.
Therefore, the blood has nowhere to go but back to the heart. What about blood rushing to the head 83 the giraffe bends down to drink? The researchers found that the giraffe's jugular vein, which 84 blood from the head back to the heart, has lots of one-way valves in it. In the giraffe's neck, there are lots of muscles that flex and relax repeatedly as the animal moves its head and sucks 85 drinking water. By squeezing the valved jugular vein, they 86 blood moving back to the heart even while the animal is drinking.
67. [A] bring [B] produce [C] transfer [D] pump
68. [A] structure [B] system [C] function [D] organism
69. [A] unusually [B] generally [C] uncomfortably [D] commonly
70. [A] half [B] multiple [C] double [D] pair
71. [A] investigate [B] wonder [C] undertake [D] learn
72. [A] terrible [B] unreliable [C] unsolvable [D] advisable
73. [A] other [B] some [C] others [D] another
74. [A] up [B] down [C] toward [D] aside
75. [A] crush [B] brush [C] push [D] rush
76. [A] following [B] returning [C] plowing [D] pouring
77. [A] healthy [B] swollen [C] dreary [D] radical
78. [A] what [B] where [C] that [D] those
79. [A] reveals [B] indicates [C] figures [D] turns
80. [A] tissues [B] vessels [C] pores [D] organs
81. [A] many [B] very [C] much [D] less
82. [A] giraffes [B] animals [C] people [D] creatures
83. [A] whenever [B ] whatever [C] however [D] wherever
84. [A] reflects [B] releases [C] receives [D] carries
85. [A] in [B] up [C] to [D] from
86. [A] permit [B] prevent [C] retain [D] keep
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87. Living in the desert has many problems, ________________________(缺水并不是惟一的問題).
88. The production ________________________ (增加到每月500噸)by the end of this month.
89. Some children put much emphasis ________________________(有足夠的錢以便到外面去痛快享受).
90. Please ________________________(不要忘記讓你姐姐到超市買一些牛排).
91. The students now ________________________ (寧愿上網(wǎng)，也不愿意到圖書館去看書).
2010年12月英語四級全真預測試卷答案
Part I Writing
Dear Mark,
You will never guess what I am going to tell you in this letter. I have received the letter of admission from Harvard University. This means I am going to do my doctor degree program this fall in America. After years of hard work, I know have finally realized my dream of being able to work in the most advanced laboratory in the world with the most outstanding top scientists in the field of genetic engineering.
I am now very busy preparing for this trip of utmost importance in my life. I spend most of my time improving my oral and aural English. You know I have a good command of written English. In fact, I have written my papers in English, some of which have been published abroad
already. But my listening and speaking ability of English is far behind. I am afraid that this poor command of listening and speaking will hinder the effective communication once I am abroad. Can you just suggest any good way of improving my oral English skills quickly? I am a bit anxious recently.
Anyway, I will try my best.
Hope to hear from you soon!
Yours,
Li Ming
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. N 本題考察文章的大意，可在做完后面9題后再解答。本文主要介紹有關 robot races 比賽的情況，而不是比賽的優(yōu)點和缺點，故題干表述錯誤。
2. N 由原文第二段首句可知，most robots barely managed to get off the starting line，這就說明比賽并不算成功，故題干表述錯誤。
3. N 根據(jù)題干中的信息詞 this year's race 和 the Grand Challenge 定位原文第四段 No surprise, then, that 43 teams... 可知題干表述錯誤。
4. Y 根據(jù)題干中的信息詞 The Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) 定位原文，可知題干表述正確。
5. Y 根據(jù)題干中的信息詞 the aim of the Grand Challenge 定位原文，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案在小標題 Unknown Course 下第一段，可知題干表述正確。
6. N 小標題 Smart Money 下第一段明確指出 Neither Ghostrider nor It Came From the Garage made the final cut at this week's qualifying races，可知題干是錯誤的。
7. NG 問中并未提及誰終獲得得了大獎。
8. rugged, real-life conditions。本題內(nèi)容是關于跑道(course)上設置的障礙物(obstacles)的，可推知答案在小標題 Unknown Course 下，其中第五段給出了答案。
9. Ghostrider。答案在小標題 Ghostrider 下第四段。預讀題干發(fā)現(xiàn) only 這種絕對化表達，在閱讀文章時要格外留意。
10. Stanley。答案在全文倒數(shù)第三段末句。此題仍然考查了 only這種絕對化表達。
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11. C 綜合推斷題。對話中的 Here is the menu. Would you like to order now?是餐廳服務員接待客人的常用語，因此對話應該發(fā)生在餐廳里，所以C正確
12. A 信息明示題。男士建議大家一起去城里看電影，女士認為看電視物非所值，讓他不要把自己算在內(nèi)，所以A正確。
13. B 綜合推斷題。女士說簡已經(jīng)為她的研究項目寫了一些文章，男士說看來她已經(jīng)寫完了。言外之意，男士原以為簡并沒寫完，所以B正確。
14. A 綜合推斷題。男士不知道琳達能否解決這類問題，女士回答說如果琳達解決不了，就每人能解決了。言外之意，琳達能力很強，要她才能解決的問題應該比較復雜，只有A符合題意。
15. B 綜合推斷題。女士準備請門衛(wèi)打掃大廳，男士說能否讓他也清洗一下樓梯，由此可知，他們對大樓的衛(wèi)生狀況不滿，即在談論大樓的衛(wèi)生狀況，故選B。
16. D 信息明示題。女士說兩塊面料一塊是純羊毛的另一塊是合成纖維的;男士對此表示驚訝，說自己無法區(qū)分它們，所以D正確。
17. C 信息明示題。男士問新一期的《上海日報》到了嗎，今天都已經(jīng)星期二了;女士道歉說報紙晚了，估計后天能到，即報紙星期四到，故選C。
18. B 綜合推斷題。男士讓女士在攝像機前表現(xiàn)得自然一些，女士說面對上千萬觀眾自己怎么能自然呢，由此推斷，B(電視攝像機)正確。
Conversation One
19. C 主旨題。由對話中的 a hurricane-tracking chart及here on the Florida coast可知，對話是針對可能影響佛羅里達的天氣情況展開的，所以C正確。
20. B 信息明示題。女士說Late summer is hurricane season，由此可知B正確。
21. A 信息明示題。男士問女士幾種熱帶天氣現(xiàn)象的區(qū)別是什么，女士回答說是wind velocity(風速)，所以A正確。
22. A 信息明示題。女士說氣象預報員用人名給風暴命名以便于區(qū)分，所以A正確。
Conversation Two
23. B 綜合推斷題。女士說還沒有完成創(chuàng)意寫作課所留的故事寫作作業(yè)，接著進一步說自己寫不下去了，由此推斷，女士在寫作中遇到了問題，故選B。
24. B 信息明示題。女士說，教授建議她寫下所想到的所有東西，無論那是否有意義，就像做熱身練習一樣，故選B。
25. B 綜合推斷題。女士說去珠寶店是為了自己的故事，她所描寫的偵探破獲了一樁珠寶搶劫案，她要去了解一下與此相關的事物，由此推斷，她去珠寶店是為自己的故事做調(diào)查，故選B。
Section B
Passage One
26. C 信息明示題。文章提到This team (air force team) visits large cities across the country to buy the dogs，即他們到全國各大城市買狗，所以C正確。
27. B 信息明示題。文章提到狗的第一個訓練階段是an 11-week course for patrol duty，所以B正確。
28. D 信息明示題。文章提到，在為期9個星期的課程中，They learn drug-sniffing or bomb-sniffing，所以D正確。
Passage Two
29. A 信息明示題。文章提到1848年發(fā)現(xiàn)金礦后舊金山的人口增加到一萬，所以A正確。
30. B 信息明示題。文章明確指出Today San Francisco has a p
opulation of almost three million，所以B正確。
31. B 信息明示題。文章明確指出 at a cost of 32 million dollars，所以B正確。
Passage Three
32. C 主旨題。文章主要是圍繞computer lovers和computer haters的不同看法而展開的，由此可知，本文主要論述了人們對電腦的不同看法，所以C正確。
33. A 信息明示題。文章提到電腦對做生意、教育及家庭都非常有用;還提到電腦化的機器人可以代替人類做一些讓人討厭的工作，同時也可能導致部分人失業(yè);但并未提到電腦可能會帶來財政問題，故選A。
34. D 信息明示題。文章后提到their biggest fear is that computers may eventually take over human beings altogether, 所以D正確。
35. D 綜合推斷題。文章既提到電腦愛好者的態(tài)度，又提到反對電腦的人的態(tài)度，用詞客觀，用詞客觀，不帶任何個人感情，所以D正確。
Section C
36. progress 37. Monetary 38. rates 39. assistance
40. advice 41. proposed 42. Organization 43. guaranteed
44. 47 countries around the world own the bank. The United States owns 30 percent as the largest shareholder.
45. There are 24 members in the Americas, Europe and Asia in addition to 53 in Africa.
46. Like all development banks, it is supervised by a Board of Governors.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
47. E 該空應填入動詞原形，選項中只有E、G和K是動詞原形。文章前兩句點明兩者是截然不同的東西，這里用but一轉(zhuǎn)，講能不能把兩者結(jié)合起來，E符合文章。
48. D 本題需通讀下文，對整篇文章有所了解才能得出答案。由下文的相關信息詞biodegradable (生物可降解的)，recycle(回收)等可知D符合文意。
49. K 該名前半句講手機報廢，所以極可能是把廢棄的手機扔進或埋進花園，動詞原形的E. G. K中，K符合文意。
50. A 分析空格所在句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應充當狀語成分且需大寫，結(jié)合詞義，選項中A符合文意。
51. B 結(jié)合句意“這種新型手機有望激勵________進行回收利用”可推知此空應填入表示人的名詞，故B符合文意。
52. N 前句提到科學家開發(fā)了一種新材料，接著談到這種新材料像其他________一樣容易塑形，這正是塑料的特性，故選N。
53. C 空格所在句意為“隨著時間的流逝，它也能分解到土壤里，而且不會釋放出任何有毒的__ ______”，分解多半與化學有關，所以空格處應填入chemicals(化學物質(zhì))。
54. J 該空需填入第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞形式，選項中只有J符合文意。
55. F 該空需填入一個形容詞，選項中只有F和O是形容詞，F(xiàn)(透明的)符合文意。因為只有透明的才方便工程師觀察，才有下面的make sure一說。
56. I 由句意“但我們(工程師)現(xiàn)在正和植物________合作…”可知，空格處應選表一類人的名詞，且用可數(shù)形式，B、I中I符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
57. D 推斷題。由文章第一段可知，在我們過去的經(jīng)驗中可以找到對日常各種看法的理解、我們做決定的基礎、我們習慣的根源以及我們所掌握的技能，而所有這些經(jīng)驗都通過記憶和現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系在了一起，所以D正確。
58. C 細節(jié)題。本題可采用排除法。A、B、D三項在文章第二、三段中均有提及，而原文中并沒有提出C(記憶告誡人們不要重復做事情)，故選C。
59. D 推斷題。由文章第三段中的...teenager probably recognizes... 100,000 words... this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored 可知，電腦與青少年都有10萬單詞的記憶量，但對于青少年來說，這只占大腦信息存儲量的一小部分，言外之意是人腦優(yōu)于電腦，所以D正確。
60. B 細節(jié)題。文章后一段第三句明確指出，語言可以極大地擴展人類記憶事物的數(shù)量和種類，第四句又說這一特點使人有別于動物，由此可知這是人類記憶力的主要特點，所以A正確。
61. B 細節(jié)題。由文章后一句指出人類強大的記憶力使人區(qū)別于其他動物，故選B。
Passage Two
62. B 語義題。本題主要考查從下文猜測詞義的能力，即對elastic的理解。由下文But引出的并列句可猜測出英國人對家庭的概念不同于其他國家的人，由此推斷，不同人對家庭的定義是不一樣的，因此B正確。elastic原意為“有彈性的，非固定不變的”，而該句意為“‘家庭’是一個有多種含義的詞”。
63. C 細節(jié)題。由文章第二段第三句可知，在英國家庭中，男人是女人的財政支柱(responsible for her financial support), 女人負責管家，所以C正確。
64. A 推斷題。由文章第二段后一句可知，沒有任何人能干涉夫妻倆的事——他們是自己的主人，由此可知，家里的事由夫妻倆做主，所以A正確。
65. C 推斷題。由文章第三段可知，《傲慢與偏見》講述了當時的婚姻狀況——有錢人的婚姻都由女方的父母做主，這是當時英國社會生活的一個方面，所以C正確。
66. D 推斷題。文章第三段談到了過去和現(xiàn)在的女孩在決定婚姻中地位的不同，并指出現(xiàn)在的女孩結(jié)婚前經(jīng)濟就可以獨立，婚姻自由，由此可知，她們的社會地位比以前有了很大提高，所以D正確。
Part V Cloze
67. D 詞義辨析題。文章第一句就指出，成年長頸鹿的腦袋在心臟以上6英尺高的地方?？崭袼诰渥右馑际牵哼@意味著，要________足夠的血液到大腦，循環(huán)________必須足夠強壯才能保持血液有很強的壓力。pump除了表示“用泵抽”之意，還可以表示“(用泵拉取)注入”，符合句意，所以D正確。
68. B 詞義辨析題。由空格所在句意可知，空格處是指長頸鹿的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)，所以B正確。
69. A 詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：生物學家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)長頸鹿有________很高的血壓能解決這個問題，由此可知，這個很高的血壓應該是與眾不同的，所以A正確。
70. C 詞義辨析題。根據(jù)空格前面句子意思可知，空格處應該是一個表示倍數(shù)的詞。double名詞表示“兩們”，符合句意，所以選C。前面提到長頸鹿的血壓很高，所以排除A;multiple只是指“倍數(shù)，若干”，但是沒有說明是多少倍，所以排除。
71. B 詞義辨析題。空格所在句子句首的but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明句子內(nèi)容與前面提到的內(nèi)容不同，選項中只有wonder一詞可以表達這種不同，即“一個國際生物學家小組對此表示懷疑”，所以B正確。
72. A 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诘木湟鉃椋喝绻L頸鹿的血壓有這么高，那么它們會有________的問題。選項中terrible意為“很糟糕的”，unreliable意為“不可靠的”，unsolvable意為“不能解決的”，advisable意為“可取的”，只有terrible符合句意，所以A正確。
73. D 詞義辨析題。通讀第三段可知，該段是在講長頸鹿血壓很高的話為什么喝水時不會暈倒這個問題，所以該空格所在句子意思是“長頸鹿還應該有另一個問題”，而不是“有其他問題”，所以D正確。排除A。
74. B 詞義辨析題。根據(jù)常識可知，長頸鹿要把頭低下來喝水，所以B正確。
75. D 詞義辨析題。本句意思是長頸鹿低頭喝水時，血液應該________到大腦。rush意為“沖;急流”，符合句意，所以D正確。crush意為“壓碎”，brush意為“刷”，push意為“推動”。
76. C 詞義辨析題。根據(jù)句意可知，長頸鹿頭低下的時候，血液流回到心臟比較困難，所以C正確。return作不及物動詞時雖然也可以表示“返回”，但它本身已經(jīng)包含back的含義，所以排除。
77. B 詞義辨析題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，如果長頸鹿血壓很高，那么它們會有腿部腫脹的問題，空格所在句子就是指長頸鹿對于腿部腫脹問題的解決，所以B正確。原文第二段已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)swollen feet這一表達，根據(jù)原詞復現(xiàn)的原理也可知本題選B。
78. A 語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?？崭駷樗诰渥訌木涞囊龑г~，在從句中作賓語，所以A正確。
79. D 慣用搭配題。選項中能與out搭配的詞有figure和turn, figure out表示“計算出;解決”，不合句意，排除;turn out表示“證實;發(fā)覺是”，符合句意，所以D正確。reveal意為“揭示”，indicate意為“指出”。
80. A 詞義辨析題。空格前的and說明空格處的詞和skin并列，句意為“它們腿和腳上的皮膚和其它________”。tissue意為“組織”，符合句意，所以A正確。vessel意為“血管”，pore意為“小孔”，organ意為“器官”。
81. C 語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?？崭窈鬄閮蓚€形容詞比較級，由此可知空格應該是能夠修飾形容詞比較級的詞，結(jié)合句意可知長勁鹿腿和腳的皮膚和其他組織更堅硬，所以much符合句意，C正確。
82. B 詞義辨析題。由空格前的than可知，是拿長勁鹿和其他動物做比較，所以B正確。
83. A 邏輯銜接題。空格所在句子意思是：________長勁鹿低頭喝水時，血液沖向大腦怎么辦?根據(jù)句意可知whenever符合，所以A正確。
84. D 詞義辨析題。空格所在句子意思為：(長勁鹿的勁靜脈)能將血液從大腦________回心臟。carry符合句意，所以D正確。
85. B 慣用搭配題。suck up意為“吸收”，suck in意為“利用;欺騙;詐取”，to和from不能和suck搭配，suck up符合句意，所以B正確。
86. D 詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：通過擠壓勁靜脈的閥門，它們能________血液流回到心臟，甚至在長頸鹿喝水的時候也能。keep符合句意，所以D正確。
Part VI Translation
87. of which the lack of water is not the only one
依照給出的中文，可譯為the lack of water is not the only problem，但已給出的英文部分已經(jīng)是個完整的句子，所以譯文應以從句的形式出現(xiàn)。缺水是many problems中的一個問題，故使用表示所屬關系的of+which結(jié)構(gòu)來引導。缺水也可譯為water shortage。
88. will have risen / will rise to 500 tons per month
rise和raise都可指“升高，增長”，前者為不及物動詞，后者為及物動詞。本句為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，故用不及物動詞rise。by引起的時間狀語表示了動作的截止點，意為“不遲于”，所以主句一般是完成時態(tài)，當然也可用將來時態(tài)。
89. on having enough money to enjoy themselves outside
put emphasis on / upon是固定短語，意為“強調(diào)，注重”，后接名詞或動名詞。
90. don't forget to ask your elder sister to buy some steak in the supermarket
動詞forget后面可以跟動詞不定式，也可以跟動詞的-ing形式。前者意為“不要忘了去做某事”，即動作還沒有發(fā)生;后者意為“不要忘了做過某事”，即動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。由于本句中的動作還沒有發(fā)生，所以應用forget+動詞不定式的形式。
91. prefer netsurfing to reading in the library
“寧愿……而不愿……”通常用prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，要注意的是，該結(jié)構(gòu)中的to是介詞，后面應跟名詞或動名詞。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
給你的外國朋友寫一封信，告訴他(她)你已經(jīng)被美國的一所大學錄取，但你苦惱的是自己的聽力和口語水平不夠，你想尋求他(她)對于如何提高聽力和口語的建議。
Part II Reading Comprehension (skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Robot Cars to Do Battle in Desert Race
When 15 competitors lined up in Nevada last year for the U.S. Defense Department's first million-dollar robot race, hopes were high. The challenge: to drive a vehicle without a human driver or remote control some 150 miles (241 kilometers) through the Mojave Desert.
But those hopes quickly went up in a cloud of dust as most robots barely managed to get off the starting line. The best performer, a modified Humvee built by engineers at Pennsylvania's Carnegie Mellon University, traveled 7 miles (11 kilometers) before breaking down.
To robot devotees(熱愛者), however, it was a miinor hiccup.
No surprise, then, that 43 teams showed up to try out for this year's race, dubbed(被稱作) the Grand Challenge. For the past week, teams ranging from garage enthusiasts to well-funded university engineers have been fine-tuning their machines at qualifying rounds here at the California Speedway in Fontana, California. (Watch the robots in action in our exclusive video.)
Twenty-three finalists were announced Thursday for Saturday's Grand Challenge. The 175-mile (282-kilometer) course starts and finishes in Primm, Nevada.
The race promises to be even tougher than last year's run. But 18 months is an eternity in the robotics world, and the technology has vastly improved.
Organizers believe several teams have a real shot of finishing the race in less than ten hours to earn the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars.
"When the first team out of the chute(斜道)—Mojavaton, a small team out of Colorado—made it successfully around the 2.2-mile (3.5-kilometer) qualification course, I knew right there and then that we had something special," said Ron Kurjanowicz, the chief of staff for the Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which is sponsoring the race.
Unknown Course
The aim of the Grand Challenge, Defense Department officials say, is to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles that can operate in dangerous environments, such as war zones, keeping soldiers out of harm's way.
A U.S. Congress mandate(訓令)requires that one-third of military ground vehicles drive themselves by 2015, but the technology to meet that mandate does not yet exist.
So the government looked to enterprising teams to develop the technology for driverless vehicles, sweetening its offer with the two-million-dollar purse.
None of the 23 teams knows what lies ahead for this year's race. DARPA won't reveal the exact route until two hours before the start of the race on Saturday.
But the obstacles on the Fontana qualification course-including a steel—enforced tunnel that wipes out a vehicle's global positioning system—are made to resemble the rugged, real-life conditions that the vehicles will have to navigate.
The vehicles use sensors such as lasers, cameras, and radar to help them avoid obstacles such as rocks and cliffs. The computer's brain has to figure out how to resolve unexpected conflicts, like a boulder sitting in the middle of the road.
our house to the store," Kurjanowicz said. "These vehicles have to do the same thing, without a driver."
Among the top contenders in Saturday's race is TerraMax, a massive truck originally built by the Wisconsin-based Oshkosh Truck Corporation for the U.S. Marine corps.
In last year's race, TerraMax managed to go only 1.2 miles (2 kilometers). Team leader Gary Schmiedel expects to do much better this year. He pointed to the new all-wheel steering feature on the truck as an important addition.
"We can move this large, 15-ton (13.5-metric ton) payload vehicle in a turn that's equivalent to that of a Humvee," he said.
Ghostrider
The resources of teams like TerraMax or Carnegie Mellon University, which has two vehicles in the race this year, are a far cry from those of some of the other competitors, including inventors, electricians, and even a high school team.
One entry, from a Southern California team of engineers, racers, and hot-rodders, is called It Came From the Garage. It has a beer keg(小桶)stuck on the back and an on-off switch that says "brain."
"Most of the schools and organizations we're up against are just accessorizing conventional vehicles," said team leader Chris "C.J." Pedersen, a former actor. "Our [vehicle] is a custom-built, 21st-century hot rod... complete with hood scoop and exhaust coming off the side."
Anthony Levandowski, a robotics builder from Berkeley, California, is back with Ghostrider, the only motorcycle robot in the qualifications. Studded with sensors and computers, it toppled (翻倒)over after 3 feet (1 meter) in last year's race.
Levandowski, who had to postpone his graduate studies when he couldn't find a faculty advisor who believed it would be possible to build the motorcycle robot, says his vehicle has some distinct advantages.
"We're smaller and go a lot more places," he said while tinkering with the robot before another trial run. "We're also a lot less expe nsive. This bike costs as much as a tire or a wheel of some of these other guys' machines."
Smart Money
Neither Ghostrider nor It Came From the Garage made the final cut this week's qualifying races.
However, another crowd-pleaser, Cajunbot—or the Ragin' Cajun—a converted all-terrain vehicle developed by a team from the University of Louisiana in Lafayette, did.
The smart money in Saturday's race may be on Stanley, a converted Volkswagen Touareg made by a team at California's Stanford University. It was the only vehicle that didn't hit an obstacle in the trial runs.
Even if none of the vehicles finishes the race this year, DARPA's Kurjanowicz said, the event has succeeded in galvanizing robotics developers and pushing the creation of new technologies.
"The beauty of the Grand Challenge is that it doesn't tell people how to solve the problem," he said. "The community has come up with its own elegant solutions."
1. The passage mainly describes the advantages and disadvantages of robot car races.
2. Last year's robot race in Nevada was a great success.
3. It is a surprise that up to 43 teams came for this year's race called the Grand Challenge.
4. The Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA) is sponsoring the race.
5. The aim of the Grand Challenge is to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles.
6. Ghostrider and It Came From the Garage both made the final cut at this week's qualifying races.
7. TerraMax will finish the race and win the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars.
8. The obstacles on the Fontana qualification course are made to resemble the ________________.
9. The only motorcycle robot in the qualifications is ________________.
10. The only vehicle that didn't hit an obstacle in the trial runs is ________________.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. [A] At the department store. [C] In the restaurant.
[B] At the office. [D] In the drug store.
12. [A] The man shouldn't expect her to go along.
[B] She doesn't think she has enough money.
[C] She'll go even though the movie is bad.
[D] The man should count the number of people going.
13. [A] She wasn't really studying.
[B] She hadn't finished writing her articles.
[C] She had furnished her house.
[D] She could write beautifully.
14. [A] The problem may have been a very complicated one.
[B] No one can do it.
[C] The woman thinks that the problem is too easy.
[D] The man can solve the problem himself.
15. [A] The janitor is too busy to do his work.
[B] The sanitary conditions of an apartment.
[C] The relationship between the janitor and the two speakers.
[D] The architecture of a building.
16. [A] He can't tear either piece of cloth. [C] The pieces of cloth are made by a secret process.
[B] He wants part of each piece of cloth. [D] The pieces of cloth seem identical to him.
17. [A] Tuesday. [C] Thursday.
[B] Wednesday. [D] Friday.
18. [A] A photographer's camera. [C] A movie camera.
[B] A television camera. [D] The man's own camera.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. [A] Memories of a recent storm. [C] Weather patterns that can affect Florida.
[B] How strong winds develop into a hurricane. [D] Planning a summer vacation.
20. [A] Late summer is sunny season. [C] Late summer is rainy season.
[B] Late summer is hurricane season. [D] Late summer is cloudy season.
21. [A] Wind speed. [C] Water temperature.
[B] Rainfall. [D] Direction of approach.
22. [A] By name. [C] By location.
[B] By number. [D] By month.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. [A] Her professor did not like her story.
[B] She had trouble finishing her assignment.
[C] She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.
[D] She was taking too many courses.
24. [A] Take some extra time. [C] Do some work for another course.
[B] Do a writing exercise. [D] Write the story ending first.
25. [A] To go shopping. [C] To meet with her professor.
[B] To do research for her story. [D] To take a break from her work.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. [A] Given by the local government. [C] Bought from different cities and villages.
[B] Born by a large number of bitches. [D] Captured over grassland.
27. [A] 11-week course for control duty. [C] 9-week course for control duty.
[B] 11-week course for patrol duty. [D] 9-week course for patrol duty.
28. [A] Catching runaway criminals. [C] Patrolling the dangerous town.
[B] Scratching the hidden bombs. [D] Drug-sniffing or bomb-sniffing.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. [A] Gold was discovered.
[B] The transcontinental railroad was completed.
[C] The golden Gate Bridge was constructed.
[D] Telegraph communications were established with the East.
30. [A] About two million. [C] About five million.
[B] About three million. [D] About six million.
31. [A] 19 million dollars. [C] 37 million dollars.
[B] 32 million dollars. [D] 42 million dollars.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. [A] Computers have become part of our daily lives.
[B] Computers have advantages as well as disadvantages.
[C] People have different attitudes to computers.
[D] More and more families will own computers.
33. [A] Computers can bring financial problems.
[B] Computers can bring unemployment.
[C] Computers can be very useful in families.
[D] Computerized robots can take over some unpleasant jobs.
34. [A] Computers may change the life they have been accustomed to.
[B] Spending too much time on computers may spoil people's relationship.
[C] Buying computers may cost a lot of money.
[D] Computers may take over human beings altogether.
35. [A] Affectionate. [C] Approving
[B] Disapproving. [D] Neutral.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Development banks are international lending groups. They lend money to developing countries to help fuel economic growth and social (36) ________. They are not part of the World Bank, the International (37) ________ Fund or the United Nations. The money comes from member countries and borrowing on world markets.
Development banks provide long-term loans at market (38) ________. They provide even longer-term loans at below-market interest rates. These banks also provide technical (39) ________ and (40) ________.
There are four main ones. The oldest is the Inter-American Development Bank in Washington, D.C. It began in 1959. President Juscelino Kubitschek of Brazil had (41) ________ a bank to aid economic growth in the Americas. The (42) ________ of American States agreed. Today the bank is worth over 100,000 million dollars. It holds only 4 percent of that. The other money is (43) ________ by its members. (44) ________________________________________. 26 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean borrow from the bank.
The African Development Bank has its roots in an agreement signed in Sudan in 1963. It is based in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. (45) ___________________________ _____________. The country with the most votes in the bank is Nigeria, followed as of July by the United States, Japan and Egypt.
The Asian Development Bank started in 1966. It is based in Manila, in the Philippines. There are 63 members, mostly in Asia. (46) ________________________________________.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage
A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?
It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.
50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.
Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸鹽). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.
Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.
"We've only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time," said one scientist.
[A] Recently
[B] consumers
[C] chemicals
[D] environment
[E] combine
[F] transparent
[G] buy
[H] companion [I] experts
[J] forms
[K] bury
[L] paper
[M] paper
[N] plastic
[O] Usually
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.
Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed (嗅出)something suspicious in the grain pile.
Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"—string of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.
The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and the king of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.
57. Which of the following is TRUE about memory?
[A] It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.
[B] It is based on the decisions we made in the past.
[C] It is rooted in our past habits and skills.
[D] It connects our past experiences with the present.
58. According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT that ________.
[A] it involves a change in one's behavior
[B] it keeps information for later use
[C] it warns people not to do things repeatedly
[D] it enables one to remember events that happened in the past
59. What is the author's view about computers and human beings in terms of intelligence?
[A] Computers have better memory than a child does.
[B] Computers are as intelligent as a teenager is.
[C] Computers can understand as many as 100,000 words.
[D] Human beings are far superior to computers.
60. What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author?
[A] It can be expanded by language. [C] It may keep all the information in the past.
[B] It can remember all the combined words. [D] It may change what has been stored in it.
61. Human beings make themselves different from other animals by _______.
[A] having the ability to perceive danger
[B] having a far greater memory capacity
[C] having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight
[D] having the ability to draw on past experiences
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.
"Family" is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of "family" in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family— hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life.
For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one's parents and starting one's own life. The man's first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife's to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wife's parents nor the husband's, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.
Readers of novels like Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by the girl's parents, that is, it was the parents' duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents' home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry(嫁妝). It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.
62. What does the author mean by "'Family' is of course an elastic word"?
[A] Different families have different ways of life.
[B] Different definitions could be given to the word.
[C] Different nations have different families.
[D] Different times produce different families.
63. For an English family, the husband's duty is ________.
[A] supporting the family while the wife is financial
[B] defending the family while the wife is running the home
[C] financial while the wife is running the home
[D] independent while the wife is dependent
64. Everything is decided in a family ________.
[A] by the couple [C] by brothers and sisters
[B] with the help of their parents [D] with the help of aunts and uncles
65. What is TRUE concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?
[A] It is the best book on marriage.
[B] It is a handbook of marriage.
[C] It gives quite some ideas of English social life in the past.
[D] It provides a lot of information of former time wealthy families.
66. With regard to marriage in Britain, present day girls differ from form er time girls in ________.
[A] the right to marry [C] choosing husbands
[B] more parental support [D] social position
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [d] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
An adult giraffe's head is about six feet above its heart. This means that to 67 enough blood up to the brain the circulatory 68 must be strong enough to keep the blood at very high pressure.
Biologists have known for some time that giraffes solve this problem by having 69 high blood pressure, about 70 that of human beings. But an international team of biologists began to 71 about this. If giraffes have such high blood pressure, they should have a 72 problem with swelling in their legs and feet. Why don't giraffes have swollen feet?
Giraffes should have 73 problem, too. Every time they bend heads 74 to drink, the blood should 75 to their heads and have a hard time 76 back up (when the head is down) to the heart. How come giraffes don't black out when they drink?
The answer to the 77 feet problem, the researchers found, is that giraffes have 78 the researchers call a "natural anti-gravity suit". It 79 out that the skin and other 80 in their legs and feet are 81 stiffer and tougher than those of other 82 . As a result, the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell.
Therefore, the blood has nowhere to go but back to the heart. What about blood rushing to the head 83 the giraffe bends down to drink? The researchers found that the giraffe's jugular vein, which 84 blood from the head back to the heart, has lots of one-way valves in it. In the giraffe's neck, there are lots of muscles that flex and relax repeatedly as the animal moves its head and sucks 85 drinking water. By squeezing the valved jugular vein, they 86 blood moving back to the heart even while the animal is drinking.
67. [A] bring [B] produce [C] transfer [D] pump
68. [A] structure [B] system [C] function [D] organism
69. [A] unusually [B] generally [C] uncomfortably [D] commonly
70. [A] half [B] multiple [C] double [D] pair
71. [A] investigate [B] wonder [C] undertake [D] learn
72. [A] terrible [B] unreliable [C] unsolvable [D] advisable
73. [A] other [B] some [C] others [D] another
74. [A] up [B] down [C] toward [D] aside
75. [A] crush [B] brush [C] push [D] rush
76. [A] following [B] returning [C] plowing [D] pouring
77. [A] healthy [B] swollen [C] dreary [D] radical
78. [A] what [B] where [C] that [D] those
79. [A] reveals [B] indicates [C] figures [D] turns
80. [A] tissues [B] vessels [C] pores [D] organs
81. [A] many [B] very [C] much [D] less
82. [A] giraffes [B] animals [C] people [D] creatures
83. [A] whenever [B ] whatever [C] however [D] wherever
84. [A] reflects [B] releases [C] receives [D] carries
85. [A] in [B] up [C] to [D] from
86. [A] permit [B] prevent [C] retain [D] keep
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87. Living in the desert has many problems, ________________________(缺水并不是惟一的問題).
88. The production ________________________ (增加到每月500噸)by the end of this month.
89. Some children put much emphasis ________________________(有足夠的錢以便到外面去痛快享受).
90. Please ________________________(不要忘記讓你姐姐到超市買一些牛排).
91. The students now ________________________ (寧愿上網(wǎng)，也不愿意到圖書館去看書).
2010年12月英語四級全真預測試卷答案
Part I Writing
Dear Mark,
You will never guess what I am going to tell you in this letter. I have received the letter of admission from Harvard University. This means I am going to do my doctor degree program this fall in America. After years of hard work, I know have finally realized my dream of being able to work in the most advanced laboratory in the world with the most outstanding top scientists in the field of genetic engineering.
I am now very busy preparing for this trip of utmost importance in my life. I spend most of my time improving my oral and aural English. You know I have a good command of written English. In fact, I have written my papers in English, some of which have been published abroad
already. But my listening and speaking ability of English is far behind. I am afraid that this poor command of listening and speaking will hinder the effective communication once I am abroad. Can you just suggest any good way of improving my oral English skills quickly? I am a bit anxious recently.
Anyway, I will try my best.
Hope to hear from you soon!
Yours,
Li Ming
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. N 本題考察文章的大意，可在做完后面9題后再解答。本文主要介紹有關 robot races 比賽的情況，而不是比賽的優(yōu)點和缺點，故題干表述錯誤。
2. N 由原文第二段首句可知，most robots barely managed to get off the starting line，這就說明比賽并不算成功，故題干表述錯誤。
3. N 根據(jù)題干中的信息詞 this year's race 和 the Grand Challenge 定位原文第四段 No surprise, then, that 43 teams... 可知題干表述錯誤。
4. Y 根據(jù)題干中的信息詞 The Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) 定位原文，可知題干表述正確。
5. Y 根據(jù)題干中的信息詞 the aim of the Grand Challenge 定位原文，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案在小標題 Unknown Course 下第一段，可知題干表述正確。
6. N 小標題 Smart Money 下第一段明確指出 Neither Ghostrider nor It Came From the Garage made the final cut at this week's qualifying races，可知題干是錯誤的。
7. NG 問中并未提及誰終獲得得了大獎。
8. rugged, real-life conditions。本題內(nèi)容是關于跑道(course)上設置的障礙物(obstacles)的，可推知答案在小標題 Unknown Course 下，其中第五段給出了答案。
9. Ghostrider。答案在小標題 Ghostrider 下第四段。預讀題干發(fā)現(xiàn) only 這種絕對化表達，在閱讀文章時要格外留意。
10. Stanley。答案在全文倒數(shù)第三段末句。此題仍然考查了 only這種絕對化表達。
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11. C 綜合推斷題。對話中的 Here is the menu. Would you like to order now?是餐廳服務員接待客人的常用語，因此對話應該發(fā)生在餐廳里，所以C正確
12. A 信息明示題。男士建議大家一起去城里看電影，女士認為看電視物非所值，讓他不要把自己算在內(nèi)，所以A正確。
13. B 綜合推斷題。女士說簡已經(jīng)為她的研究項目寫了一些文章，男士說看來她已經(jīng)寫完了。言外之意，男士原以為簡并沒寫完，所以B正確。
14. A 綜合推斷題。男士不知道琳達能否解決這類問題，女士回答說如果琳達解決不了，就每人能解決了。言外之意，琳達能力很強，要她才能解決的問題應該比較復雜，只有A符合題意。
15. B 綜合推斷題。女士準備請門衛(wèi)打掃大廳，男士說能否讓他也清洗一下樓梯，由此可知，他們對大樓的衛(wèi)生狀況不滿，即在談論大樓的衛(wèi)生狀況，故選B。
16. D 信息明示題。女士說兩塊面料一塊是純羊毛的另一塊是合成纖維的;男士對此表示驚訝，說自己無法區(qū)分它們，所以D正確。
17. C 信息明示題。男士問新一期的《上海日報》到了嗎，今天都已經(jīng)星期二了;女士道歉說報紙晚了，估計后天能到，即報紙星期四到，故選C。
18. B 綜合推斷題。男士讓女士在攝像機前表現(xiàn)得自然一些，女士說面對上千萬觀眾自己怎么能自然呢，由此推斷，B(電視攝像機)正確。
Conversation One
19. C 主旨題。由對話中的 a hurricane-tracking chart及here on the Florida coast可知，對話是針對可能影響佛羅里達的天氣情況展開的，所以C正確。
20. B 信息明示題。女士說Late summer is hurricane season，由此可知B正確。
21. A 信息明示題。男士問女士幾種熱帶天氣現(xiàn)象的區(qū)別是什么，女士回答說是wind velocity(風速)，所以A正確。
22. A 信息明示題。女士說氣象預報員用人名給風暴命名以便于區(qū)分，所以A正確。
Conversation Two
23. B 綜合推斷題。女士說還沒有完成創(chuàng)意寫作課所留的故事寫作作業(yè)，接著進一步說自己寫不下去了，由此推斷，女士在寫作中遇到了問題，故選B。
24. B 信息明示題。女士說，教授建議她寫下所想到的所有東西，無論那是否有意義，就像做熱身練習一樣，故選B。
25. B 綜合推斷題。女士說去珠寶店是為了自己的故事，她所描寫的偵探破獲了一樁珠寶搶劫案，她要去了解一下與此相關的事物，由此推斷，她去珠寶店是為自己的故事做調(diào)查，故選B。
Section B
Passage One
26. C 信息明示題。文章提到This team (air force team) visits large cities across the country to buy the dogs，即他們到全國各大城市買狗，所以C正確。
27. B 信息明示題。文章提到狗的第一個訓練階段是an 11-week course for patrol duty，所以B正確。
28. D 信息明示題。文章提到，在為期9個星期的課程中，They learn drug-sniffing or bomb-sniffing，所以D正確。
Passage Two
29. A 信息明示題。文章提到1848年發(fā)現(xiàn)金礦后舊金山的人口增加到一萬，所以A正確。
30. B 信息明示題。文章明確指出Today San Francisco has a p
opulation of almost three million，所以B正確。
31. B 信息明示題。文章明確指出 at a cost of 32 million dollars，所以B正確。
Passage Three
32. C 主旨題。文章主要是圍繞computer lovers和computer haters的不同看法而展開的，由此可知，本文主要論述了人們對電腦的不同看法，所以C正確。
33. A 信息明示題。文章提到電腦對做生意、教育及家庭都非常有用;還提到電腦化的機器人可以代替人類做一些讓人討厭的工作，同時也可能導致部分人失業(yè);但并未提到電腦可能會帶來財政問題，故選A。
34. D 信息明示題。文章后提到their biggest fear is that computers may eventually take over human beings altogether, 所以D正確。
35. D 綜合推斷題。文章既提到電腦愛好者的態(tài)度，又提到反對電腦的人的態(tài)度，用詞客觀，用詞客觀，不帶任何個人感情，所以D正確。
Section C
36. progress 37. Monetary 38. rates 39. assistance
40. advice 41. proposed 42. Organization 43. guaranteed
44. 47 countries around the world own the bank. The United States owns 30 percent as the largest shareholder.
45. There are 24 members in the Americas, Europe and Asia in addition to 53 in Africa.
46. Like all development banks, it is supervised by a Board of Governors.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
47. E 該空應填入動詞原形，選項中只有E、G和K是動詞原形。文章前兩句點明兩者是截然不同的東西，這里用but一轉(zhuǎn)，講能不能把兩者結(jié)合起來，E符合文章。
48. D 本題需通讀下文，對整篇文章有所了解才能得出答案。由下文的相關信息詞biodegradable (生物可降解的)，recycle(回收)等可知D符合文意。
49. K 該名前半句講手機報廢，所以極可能是把廢棄的手機扔進或埋進花園，動詞原形的E. G. K中，K符合文意。
50. A 分析空格所在句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應充當狀語成分且需大寫，結(jié)合詞義，選項中A符合文意。
51. B 結(jié)合句意“這種新型手機有望激勵________進行回收利用”可推知此空應填入表示人的名詞，故B符合文意。
52. N 前句提到科學家開發(fā)了一種新材料，接著談到這種新材料像其他________一樣容易塑形，這正是塑料的特性，故選N。
53. C 空格所在句意為“隨著時間的流逝，它也能分解到土壤里，而且不會釋放出任何有毒的__ ______”，分解多半與化學有關，所以空格處應填入chemicals(化學物質(zhì))。
54. J 該空需填入第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞形式，選項中只有J符合文意。
55. F 該空需填入一個形容詞，選項中只有F和O是形容詞，F(xiàn)(透明的)符合文意。因為只有透明的才方便工程師觀察，才有下面的make sure一說。
56. I 由句意“但我們(工程師)現(xiàn)在正和植物________合作…”可知，空格處應選表一類人的名詞，且用可數(shù)形式，B、I中I符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
57. D 推斷題。由文章第一段可知，在我們過去的經(jīng)驗中可以找到對日常各種看法的理解、我們做決定的基礎、我們習慣的根源以及我們所掌握的技能，而所有這些經(jīng)驗都通過記憶和現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系在了一起，所以D正確。
58. C 細節(jié)題。本題可采用排除法。A、B、D三項在文章第二、三段中均有提及，而原文中并沒有提出C(記憶告誡人們不要重復做事情)，故選C。
59. D 推斷題。由文章第三段中的...teenager probably recognizes... 100,000 words... this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored 可知，電腦與青少年都有10萬單詞的記憶量，但對于青少年來說，這只占大腦信息存儲量的一小部分，言外之意是人腦優(yōu)于電腦，所以D正確。
60. B 細節(jié)題。文章后一段第三句明確指出，語言可以極大地擴展人類記憶事物的數(shù)量和種類，第四句又說這一特點使人有別于動物，由此可知這是人類記憶力的主要特點，所以A正確。
61. B 細節(jié)題。由文章后一句指出人類強大的記憶力使人區(qū)別于其他動物，故選B。
Passage Two
62. B 語義題。本題主要考查從下文猜測詞義的能力，即對elastic的理解。由下文But引出的并列句可猜測出英國人對家庭的概念不同于其他國家的人，由此推斷，不同人對家庭的定義是不一樣的，因此B正確。elastic原意為“有彈性的，非固定不變的”，而該句意為“‘家庭’是一個有多種含義的詞”。
63. C 細節(jié)題。由文章第二段第三句可知，在英國家庭中，男人是女人的財政支柱(responsible for her financial support), 女人負責管家，所以C正確。
64. A 推斷題。由文章第二段后一句可知，沒有任何人能干涉夫妻倆的事——他們是自己的主人，由此可知，家里的事由夫妻倆做主，所以A正確。
65. C 推斷題。由文章第三段可知，《傲慢與偏見》講述了當時的婚姻狀況——有錢人的婚姻都由女方的父母做主，這是當時英國社會生活的一個方面，所以C正確。
66. D 推斷題。文章第三段談到了過去和現(xiàn)在的女孩在決定婚姻中地位的不同，并指出現(xiàn)在的女孩結(jié)婚前經(jīng)濟就可以獨立，婚姻自由，由此可知，她們的社會地位比以前有了很大提高，所以D正確。
Part V Cloze
67. D 詞義辨析題。文章第一句就指出，成年長頸鹿的腦袋在心臟以上6英尺高的地方?？崭袼诰渥右馑际牵哼@意味著，要________足夠的血液到大腦，循環(huán)________必須足夠強壯才能保持血液有很強的壓力。pump除了表示“用泵抽”之意，還可以表示“(用泵拉取)注入”，符合句意，所以D正確。
68. B 詞義辨析題。由空格所在句意可知，空格處是指長頸鹿的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)，所以B正確。
69. A 詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：生物學家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)長頸鹿有________很高的血壓能解決這個問題，由此可知，這個很高的血壓應該是與眾不同的，所以A正確。
70. C 詞義辨析題。根據(jù)空格前面句子意思可知，空格處應該是一個表示倍數(shù)的詞。double名詞表示“兩們”，符合句意，所以選C。前面提到長頸鹿的血壓很高，所以排除A;multiple只是指“倍數(shù)，若干”，但是沒有說明是多少倍，所以排除。
71. B 詞義辨析題。空格所在句子句首的but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明句子內(nèi)容與前面提到的內(nèi)容不同，選項中只有wonder一詞可以表達這種不同，即“一個國際生物學家小組對此表示懷疑”，所以B正確。
72. A 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诘木湟鉃椋喝绻L頸鹿的血壓有這么高，那么它們會有________的問題。選項中terrible意為“很糟糕的”，unreliable意為“不可靠的”，unsolvable意為“不能解決的”，advisable意為“可取的”，只有terrible符合句意，所以A正確。
73. D 詞義辨析題。通讀第三段可知，該段是在講長頸鹿血壓很高的話為什么喝水時不會暈倒這個問題，所以該空格所在句子意思是“長頸鹿還應該有另一個問題”，而不是“有其他問題”，所以D正確。排除A。
74. B 詞義辨析題。根據(jù)常識可知，長頸鹿要把頭低下來喝水，所以B正確。
75. D 詞義辨析題。本句意思是長頸鹿低頭喝水時，血液應該________到大腦。rush意為“沖;急流”，符合句意，所以D正確。crush意為“壓碎”，brush意為“刷”，push意為“推動”。
76. C 詞義辨析題。根據(jù)句意可知，長頸鹿頭低下的時候，血液流回到心臟比較困難，所以C正確。return作不及物動詞時雖然也可以表示“返回”，但它本身已經(jīng)包含back的含義，所以排除。
77. B 詞義辨析題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，如果長頸鹿血壓很高，那么它們會有腿部腫脹的問題，空格所在句子就是指長頸鹿對于腿部腫脹問題的解決，所以B正確。原文第二段已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)swollen feet這一表達，根據(jù)原詞復現(xiàn)的原理也可知本題選B。
78. A 語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?？崭駷樗诰渥訌木涞囊龑г~，在從句中作賓語，所以A正確。
79. D 慣用搭配題。選項中能與out搭配的詞有figure和turn, figure out表示“計算出;解決”，不合句意，排除;turn out表示“證實;發(fā)覺是”，符合句意，所以D正確。reveal意為“揭示”，indicate意為“指出”。
80. A 詞義辨析題。空格前的and說明空格處的詞和skin并列，句意為“它們腿和腳上的皮膚和其它________”。tissue意為“組織”，符合句意，所以A正確。vessel意為“血管”，pore意為“小孔”，organ意為“器官”。
81. C 語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?？崭窈鬄閮蓚€形容詞比較級，由此可知空格應該是能夠修飾形容詞比較級的詞，結(jié)合句意可知長勁鹿腿和腳的皮膚和其他組織更堅硬，所以much符合句意，C正確。
82. B 詞義辨析題。由空格前的than可知，是拿長勁鹿和其他動物做比較，所以B正確。
83. A 邏輯銜接題。空格所在句子意思是：________長勁鹿低頭喝水時，血液沖向大腦怎么辦?根據(jù)句意可知whenever符合，所以A正確。
84. D 詞義辨析題。空格所在句子意思為：(長勁鹿的勁靜脈)能將血液從大腦________回心臟。carry符合句意，所以D正確。
85. B 慣用搭配題。suck up意為“吸收”，suck in意為“利用;欺騙;詐取”，to和from不能和suck搭配，suck up符合句意，所以B正確。
86. D 詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為：通過擠壓勁靜脈的閥門，它們能________血液流回到心臟，甚至在長頸鹿喝水的時候也能。keep符合句意，所以D正確。
Part VI Translation
87. of which the lack of water is not the only one
依照給出的中文，可譯為the lack of water is not the only problem，但已給出的英文部分已經(jīng)是個完整的句子，所以譯文應以從句的形式出現(xiàn)。缺水是many problems中的一個問題，故使用表示所屬關系的of+which結(jié)構(gòu)來引導。缺水也可譯為water shortage。
88. will have risen / will rise to 500 tons per month
rise和raise都可指“升高，增長”，前者為不及物動詞，后者為及物動詞。本句為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，故用不及物動詞rise。by引起的時間狀語表示了動作的截止點，意為“不遲于”，所以主句一般是完成時態(tài)，當然也可用將來時態(tài)。
89. on having enough money to enjoy themselves outside
put emphasis on / upon是固定短語，意為“強調(diào)，注重”，后接名詞或動名詞。
90. don't forget to ask your elder sister to buy some steak in the supermarket
動詞forget后面可以跟動詞不定式，也可以跟動詞的-ing形式。前者意為“不要忘了去做某事”，即動作還沒有發(fā)生;后者意為“不要忘了做過某事”，即動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。由于本句中的動作還沒有發(fā)生，所以應用forget+動詞不定式的形式。
91. prefer netsurfing to reading in the library
“寧愿……而不愿……”通常用prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，要注意的是，該結(jié)構(gòu)中的to是介詞，后面應跟名詞或動名詞。