2012年全國職稱英語考試語法知識精講（36）
一、were型虛擬式的其他用法 (同樣要遵守"過去、現(xiàn)在、將來"的虛擬規(guī)則)：
●wish賓語從句：
I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it.(真希望他不要把那事搞大了。- 過去)
I wish that I were a doctor. (我希望我是個醫(yī)生就好了。- 現(xiàn)在)
(注：這個句型中也可以用I wish that I was a doctor.)
I wish that the rain would stop. (真希望雨能停下來。將來)
●If only…(要是…就好了)
If only you hadn't offended him. (你當時不惹他就好了。- 過去)
If only I had some money on hand now. (我現(xiàn)在手頭有些錢就好了。-現(xiàn)在)
If only he could come tomorrow. (他明天能來有多好啊。-將來)
●It is (about / high) time that….(是…的時候了)
由于該句型只能用在"現(xiàn)在"時間，所以從句的動詞只能是"過去時"形式，例如：
It is high time (that) we began to work. (咱們該開始工作了。)
●As if (though)…(似乎…)
這個句型可以是陳述語氣，也可以是虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣的時態(tài)變化原則與"wish"用法相同，例如：
She loves the children in the kindergarten as if they were her own. (她象自己孩子一樣熱愛幼兒園的孩子門。 - 現(xiàn)在)
He talked about China as if he had been there. (他談起中國來好象去過那里。)
It looks as if it is going to rain.(看來天要下雨。- 陳述語氣)
●Would (had) rather, would just as soon, would sooner, would prefer + 從句結(jié)構(gòu)
這幾個句型都表示一種"婉轉(zhuǎn)的責備"，中文常有"還不如…"，"寧可…""倒希望…"等意思，例如：
I'd rather she stayed at home in such a bad health condition. (她身體這么差，我倒希望你呆在家里。- 現(xiàn)在)
I would just as soon you had returned him the money yesterday. (你還不如昨天就把錢還給他了。- 過去)
I would prefer he didn't stay there too long. (我倒不希望他不要在那兒呆得時間太長。)
比較：
I would prefer that she act the young lady. (我倒認為她演哪個年輕女子比較合適。- 表示建議，用 "should型虛擬式")
做虛擬語氣的題目，歸納起來就是兩句話：
一、看清是什么形式的虛擬式，"should型"還是 "were型"?
二、如果是were型虛擬式，看清句中所給的時態(tài)："過去"、"現(xiàn)在"、"將來"?
這里的關鍵是：要對構(gòu)成虛擬語氣的詞、詞組和句型比較敏感。
一、were型虛擬式的其他用法 (同樣要遵守"過去、現(xiàn)在、將來"的虛擬規(guī)則)：
●wish賓語從句：
I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it.(真希望他不要把那事搞大了。- 過去)
I wish that I were a doctor. (我希望我是個醫(yī)生就好了。- 現(xiàn)在)
(注：這個句型中也可以用I wish that I was a doctor.)
I wish that the rain would stop. (真希望雨能停下來。將來)
●If only…(要是…就好了)
If only you hadn't offended him. (你當時不惹他就好了。- 過去)
If only I had some money on hand now. (我現(xiàn)在手頭有些錢就好了。-現(xiàn)在)
If only he could come tomorrow. (他明天能來有多好啊。-將來)
●It is (about / high) time that….(是…的時候了)
由于該句型只能用在"現(xiàn)在"時間，所以從句的動詞只能是"過去時"形式，例如：
It is high time (that) we began to work. (咱們該開始工作了。)
●As if (though)…(似乎…)
這個句型可以是陳述語氣，也可以是虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣的時態(tài)變化原則與"wish"用法相同，例如：
She loves the children in the kindergarten as if they were her own. (她象自己孩子一樣熱愛幼兒園的孩子門。 - 現(xiàn)在)
He talked about China as if he had been there. (他談起中國來好象去過那里。)
It looks as if it is going to rain.(看來天要下雨。- 陳述語氣)
●Would (had) rather, would just as soon, would sooner, would prefer + 從句結(jié)構(gòu)
這幾個句型都表示一種"婉轉(zhuǎn)的責備"，中文常有"還不如…"，"寧可…""倒希望…"等意思，例如：
I'd rather she stayed at home in such a bad health condition. (她身體這么差，我倒希望你呆在家里。- 現(xiàn)在)
I would just as soon you had returned him the money yesterday. (你還不如昨天就把錢還給他了。- 過去)
I would prefer he didn't stay there too long. (我倒不希望他不要在那兒呆得時間太長。)
比較：
I would prefer that she act the young lady. (我倒認為她演哪個年輕女子比較合適。- 表示建議，用 "should型虛擬式")
做虛擬語氣的題目，歸納起來就是兩句話：
一、看清是什么形式的虛擬式，"should型"還是 "were型"?
二、如果是were型虛擬式，看清句中所給的時態(tài)："過去"、"現(xiàn)在"、"將來"?
這里的關鍵是：要對構(gòu)成虛擬語氣的詞、詞組和句型比較敏感。